記夢碑
外觀
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/ReproductionOfDreamSteleOfThutmoseIV-CloseUp_RosicrucianEgyptianMuseum.png/290px-ReproductionOfDreamSteleOfThutmoseIV-CloseUp_RosicrucianEgyptianMuseum.png)
記夢碑或稱斯芬克斯碑是在圖特摩斯四世在位的第一年(公元前1401年)由其樹立的。和其他新王國時期的法老一樣,這座石碑的作用是像世人宣揚法老神聖王權的合法性。[1]
碑文
[編輯]部份碑文:
- "Now the statue of the very great Khepri [the Great Sphinx ] rested in this place, great of fame, sacred of respect, the shade of Ra resting on him. Memphis and every city on its two sides came to him, their arms in adoration to his face, bearing great offerings for his Ka. One of these days it happened that prince Thutmose came travelling at the time of midday. He rested in the shadow of this great god. [Sleep and] dream [took possession of him] at the moment the sun was at zenith. Then he found the majesty of this noble god speaking from his own mouth like a father speaks to his son, and saying: "Look at me, observe me, my son Thutmose. I am your father Horemakhet-Khepri-Ra-Atum. I shall give to you the kingship [upon the land before the living]....[Behold, my condition is like one in illness], all [my limbs being ruined]. The sand of the desert, upon which I used to be, (now) confronts me; and it is in order to cause that you do what is in my heart that I have waited." "[2]
- 譯文:這時,偉大的神凱布利的雕像(獅身人面像)在這裡,他聲名顯赫,備受尊敬,拉的陰影停留在他的身上。孟菲斯以及在他兩邊的所有城池都走向他,雙手崇敬的伸向他的臉龐,向他的卡獻上貢品。有一天,圖特摩斯王子中午的時候在這裡騎射。他在這位古老神靈的陰影中休息。正午的時候,王子在不知不覺中睡着了。在夢中,他發現這位崇高而有威嚴的神在開口與自己說話,就像一位父親與自己的兒子說話一樣。他說道「注視我,看着我,我的兒子圖特摩斯。我是你的父親荷魯斯-凱布利-拉·阿圖姆。我將把(這片土地上)的王位賜予你...(看啊,我現在就像是一位病人),(我)所有(的四肢都成了廢墟)。我曾經屹立的這片黃沙,(現在)卻快將我掩埋;我是為了讓你照我心裡想的那樣去做才一直等待着。[3]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/ReproductionOfDreamSteleOfThutmoseIV_RosicrucianEgyptianMuseum.png/290px-ReproductionOfDreamSteleOfThutmoseIV_RosicrucianEgyptianMuseum.png)
石碑的描述
[編輯]記夢碑高144厘米,寬40厘米,長70厘米。石碑的上半部分成兩部分,展現了圖特摩斯四世(右邊拿着焚香,左邊拿着奠酒,可能是酒,也可能是水裝在壺裡)向荷魯斯(以獅身人面像代替)獻上祭品的場景。[4]
對石碑進行的醫學分析
[編輯]最近,一位帝國理工學院的外科醫生Hutan Ashrafian分析了圖特摩斯四世的以及其他第18王朝法老們(包括圖坦卡蒙和阿肯那頓)的英年早逝。他發現他們的早逝有可能是家族性顳葉癲癇的結果。這個癲癇症所導致的強烈精神幻想和虔誠能解釋圖特摩斯四世過早的死亡和他在記夢碑中描述的宗教幻象。[5]
參考資料
[編輯]- ^ Shaw, 2000, The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt, p.254.
- ^ Shaw, 2000, p.254.
- ^ 图特摩斯四世记梦碑 申精. 萬古諸天大幻滅. [2014-04-30].
- ^ Christiane Zivie-Coche, 2004, Sphinx : History of a Monument p.48
- ^ Ashrafian, Hutan. Familial epilepsy in the pharaohs of ancient Egypt's eighteenth dynasty. Epilepsy & Behavior. 2012, 25 [2014-04-30]. doi:10.1007/s12020-011-9581-z. (原始內容存檔於2015-09-24).