斑紋隱小鱂

斑紋隱小鱂
保護狀況
	; 無危（IUCN 3.1）
科學分類
界：	動物界 Animalia
門：	脊索動物門 Chordata
綱：	輻鰭魚綱 Actinopteri
目：	鱂形目 Cyprinodontiformes
科：	鰕鱂科 Aplocheilidae
屬：	隱小鱂屬 Kryptolebias
種：	斑紋隱小鱂 K. marmoratus
二名法
	Kryptolebias marmoratus; Poey, 1880
異名
	Rivulus marmoratus, Poey, 1880; Rivulus heyei, Nichols, 1914; Rivulus marmoratus bonairensis, Hoedeman, 1958; Rivulus bonairensis, Hoedeman, 1958; Rivulus garciai, de la Cruz & Dubitsky, 1976;

斑紋隱小鱂，又稱北美紅樹林鱂魚（mangrove killifish），為輻鰭魚綱鯉齒目鰕鱂亞目鰕鱂科的其中一種，為熱帶淡水魚，分佈於加勒比海沿岸，自美國東南部的佛羅里達至巴西等地。棲息在泥底質的河口區、沼澤濕地、溝渠、水塘淡水及半鹹水水域。此魚能忍受低溶氧環境，體長可達7.5公分，可做為觀賞魚。^[1]

斑紋隱小鱂性成熟時的體長約為1.7公分。此魚性別含雌雄同體與公魚兩種。其中，雌雄同體的個體可自體受精產生下一代。公魚則又可再分為初級公魚與次級公魚。初級公魚指性成熟時即為公魚，目前研究顯示若孵化期間溫度低於攝氏20度，即可能產生初級公魚。而次級公魚則指個體原先為雌雄同體，在雌性器官退化後即變為公魚。^[2]

此魚在野外多躲藏於濕枝葉下方或陸生蟹的巢洞中^[3]；而離開水體的個體，其鰓蓋會停止運動，藉由擴張表皮與魚鰭上的毛細血管網來呼吸。^[4]

在實驗室觀察中顯示，兩隻斑紋隱小鱂相遇時會表現明顯的攻擊性及打鬥行為，且其攻擊性及打鬥行為已被證實會受前次打鬥獲勝/落敗經驗所影響（勝者效應/敗者效應）。^[5]

參考資料

^ Taylor, D. S. (2012). "Twenty-Four Years in the Mud: What Have We Learned About the Natural History and Ecology of the Mangrove Rivulus, Kryptolebias marmoratus?" Integrative and Comparative Biology.
^ Taylor, D. S. 2001. "Physical variability and fluctuating asymmetry in heterozygous and homozygous populations of Rivulus marmoratus." Canadian journal of zoology
^ Taylor, D. S. 1992. "Diet of the killifish Rivulus marmoratzu collected from land crab burrows, with further ecological notes." Environmental Biology of Fishes
^ Grizzle, J. M., & Thiyagarajah, A. 1987. "Skin histology of Rivulus ocellatus marmoratus: apparent adaptation for aerial respiration." Copeia,
^ Hsu, Y. & Wolf, L. L. 1999. "The winner and loser effect: integrating multiple experiences." Animal Behaviour.

參考文獻

Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (eds.) (2014). Kryptolebias marmoratus. FishBase. Version 2014-08.

擴展閱讀

維基物種上的相關資訊：斑紋隱小鱂

[1] Taylor, D. S. (2012). "Twenty-Four Years in the Mud: What Have We Learned About the Natural History and Ecology of the Mangrove Rivulus, Kryptolebias marmoratus?" Integrative and Comparative Biology.

[2] Taylor, D. S. 2001. "Physical variability and fluctuating asymmetry in heterozygous and homozygous populations of Rivulus marmoratus." Canadian journal of zoology

[3] Taylor, D. S. 1992. "Diet of the killifish Rivulus marmoratzu collected from land crab burrows, with further ecological notes." Environmental Biology of Fishes

[4] Grizzle, J. M., & Thiyagarajah, A. 1987. "Skin histology of Rivulus ocellatus marmoratus: apparent adaptation for aerial respiration." Copeia,

[5] Hsu, Y. & Wolf, L. L. 1999. "The winner and loser effect: integrating multiple experiences." Animal Behaviour.

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