最小的系外行星列表
外觀
以下是迄今為止發現的最小的 系外行星列表,就有形的大小,按半徑排序。但其中一些未經證實和/或仍有爭議。
列表
[編輯]以地球半徑為單位列出行星半徑(R地球)。所有列出的系外行星都小於地球,最大為0.7地球半徑。NASA系外行星檔案是最主要的數據來源[1][2]。
系外行星 | 半徑 (R地球) | 註解和參考資料 |
---|---|---|
SDSS J1228+1040 b (SDSS J122859.92+104033.0 b, WD 1226+110 b) |
0.0101+0.0504 −0.0085 |
Extrasolar planetesimal. Remnant iron core.[3] |
PSR B1828-11 b | 0.016 | Unconfirmed, controversial[1] |
Ceres | 0.07466 | Shown for comparison |
WD 1145+017 b | ~0.15 | Extrasolar planetesimal.[4] |
Pluto | 0.1825 | Shown for comparison |
Moon | 0.2739 | Shown for comparison |
Kepler-37b | ±0.037 0.296 | Smallest known exoplanet.[5] |
Kepler-1520b | ~0.3 | Disintegrating planets with poorly known radii, all thought to be smaller than Mercury.[6][7] |
KOI-2700b | ||
K2-22b | ||
PSR B1257+12 b (Draugr) | ~0.338 | Least massive known exoplanet, at 0.02 Earth masses. Radius estimated from mass-radius relationship.[8] |
Kepler-37e | ±0.18 0.37 | Dubious[9] |
Mercury | 0.3825 | Shown for comparison |
Kepler-444b | +0.016 −0.014 0.403 |
[10] |
Kepler-102b | ±0.02 0.47 | |
Kepler-444c | +0.021 −0.017 0.497 |
[10] |
Kepler-1971b (KOI-4777.01) | ±0.03 0.51 | [11] |
Kepler-1308b | +0.06 −0.05 0.52 |
|
Kepler-138b | ±0.032 0.522 | |
Kepler-444d | +0.022 −0.019 0.530 |
[10] |
Mars | 0.5314 | Shown for comparison |
Kepler-62c | ±0.03 0.54 | |
Kepler-444e | +0.017 −0.015 0.546 |
[10] |
KOI-115.03 (Kepler-105d) | +0.08 −0.07 0.55 |
Unconfirmed[12] |
Kepler-42d | ±0.18 0.57 | |
Kepler-102c | ±0.02 0.58 | |
KOI-1843.03 | 0.59 | Unconfirmed |
Kepler-1583b | +0.09 −0.05 0.60 |
|
Kepler-1087b | +0.17 −0.05 0.61 |
|
K2-89b | ±0.080 0.615 | |
Kepler-1877b | 0.624 | |
Kepler-1371c | +0.07 −0.05 0.64 |
|
UCF-1.02 | 0.64 | Dubious[13][14] |
Kepler-1130d | 0.645 | |
Kepler-1351b | +0.05 −0.04 0.65 |
|
Kepler-1542c | +0.09 −0.06 0.65 |
|
UCF-1.01 | 0.65 | Dubious[13][14] |
Kepler-271d | ±0.05 0.66 | |
Kepler-431c | 0.668 | |
Kepler-1558b | +0.06 −0.04 0.68 |
|
K2-116b | ±0.04 0.69 | |
Kepler-141b | ±0.05 0.69 | |
K2-297b (EPIC 201497682 b) | +0.059 −0.048 0.692 |
|
LHS 1678 b | ±0.044 0.696 | |
Kepler-1349b | +0.630 −0.110 0.700 |
|
Kepler-378c | ±0.05 0.70 | |
K2-266c | +0.096 −0.085 0.705 |
|
Kepler-1339b | +0.06 −0.04 0.71 |
|
Gliese 367 b | ±0.054 0.718 | Smallest known exoplanet within 10 parsecs. |
相關條目
[編輯]參考資料
[編輯]- ^ 1.0 1.1 Staff. Exoplanet Catalog. Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia. 10 July 2017 [10 July 2017]. (原始內容存檔於2012-07-05).
- ^ Planetary Systems Composite Data. NASA Exoplanet Archive. [12 December 2021]. (原始內容存檔於2020-10-07).
- ^ Planet SDSS J1228+1040 b. exoplanet.eu. [2019-08-05]. (原始內容存檔於2019-10-19).
- ^ Vanderburg, Andrew; John Asher Johnson; Rappaport, Saul; Bieryla, Allyson; Irwin, Jonathan; John Arban Lewis; Kipping, David; Brown, Warren R.; Dufour, Patrick; Ciardi, David R.; Angus, Ruth; Schaefer, Laura; Latham, David W.; Charbonneau, David; Beichman, Charles; Eastman, Jason; McCrady, Nate; Wittenmyer, Robert A.; Wright, Jason T. A disintegrating minor planet transiting a white dwarf. Nature. 2015, 526 (7574): 546–549. Bibcode:2015Natur.526..546V. PMID 26490620. S2CID 4451207. arXiv:1510.06387 . doi:10.1038/nature15527.
- ^ Simukoff, E.; et al. Below One Earth Mass: The Detection, Formation, and Properties of Subterrestrial Worlds. Space Science Reviews. 2013, 180 (1–4): 71. Bibcode:2013SSRv..180...71S. S2CID 118597064. arXiv:1308.6308 . doi:10.1007/s11214-013-0019-1.
- ^ Ansdell, M.; Hirano, T.; Gaidos, E. Monitoring of the D doublet of neutral sodium during transits of two 'evaporating' planets. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2019, 485 (3): 3876–3886. arXiv:1903.06217 . doi:10.1093/mnras/stz693.
[...]the radii are not known but are thought to be smaller than Mercury (0.36R⊕).
- ^ Garai, Z. Light-curve analysis of KOI 2700b: The second extrasolar planet with a comet-like tail. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 2018, 611: A63. Bibcode:2018A&A...611A..63G. S2CID 118885868. arXiv:1712.07461 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201629676.
We confirmed the disintegrating-planet scenario of KOI 2700b.
- ^ Exoplanet-catalog. [2022-11-28]. (原始內容存檔於2022-02-10).
- ^ Rajpaul, V. M.; Buchhave, L. A.; Lacedelli, G.; Rice, K.; Mortier, A.; Malavolta, L.; Aigrain, S.; Borsato, L.; Mayo, A. W.; Charbonneau, D.; Damasso, M.; Dumusque, X.; Ghedina, A.; Latham, D. W.; López-Morales, M.; Magazzù, A.; Micela, G.; Molinari, E.; Pepe, F.; Piotto, G.; Poretti, E.; Rowther, S.; Sozzetti, A.; Udry, S.; Watson, C. A., A HARPS-N mass for the elusive Kepler-37d: A case study in disentangling stellar activity and planetary signals, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2021, 507 (2): 1847–1868, arXiv:2107.13900 , doi:10.1093/mnras/stab2192
- ^ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 Campante, T.; et al. KOI-3158: The oldest known system of terrestrial-size planets. EPJ Web of Conferences. 2015, 101: 02004. Bibcode:2015EPJWC.10102004C. S2CID 16191462. arXiv:1501.07869 . doi:10.1051/epjconf/201510102004.
- ^ Cañas, Caleb I.; Mahadevan, Suvrath; Cochran, William D.; Bender, Chad F.; Feigelson, Eric D.; Harman, C. E.; Kopparapu, Ravi Kumar; Caceres, Gabriel A.; Diddams, Scott A.; Endl, Michael; Ford, Eric B.; Halverson, Samuel; Hearty, Fred; Jones, Sinclaire; Kanodia, Shubham; Lin, Andrea S. J.; Metcalf, Andrew J.; Monson, Andrew; Ninan, Joe P.; Ramsey, Lawrence W.; Robertson, Paul; Roy, Arpita; Schwab, Christian; Stefánsson, Guđmundur. A Hot Mars-sized Exoplanet Transiting an M Dwarf. The Astronomical Journal. 2022, 163 (1): 3. Bibcode:2022AJ....163....3C. S2CID 244954104. arXiv:2112.03958 . doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac3088.
- ^ Kepler-105. NASA Exoplanet Archive. [12 December 2021].
- ^ 13.0 13.1 Stevenson, Kevin B.; et al. A Hubble Space Telescope Search for a Sub-Earth-sized Exoplanet in the GJ 436 System. The Astrophysical Journal. 2014, 796 (1). 32. Bibcode:2014ApJ...796...32S. S2CID 118412895. arXiv:1410.0002 . doi:10.1088/0004-637X/796/1/32.
- ^ 14.0 14.1 Lanotte, A. A.; et al. A global analysis of Spitzer and new HARPS data confirms the loneliness and metal-richness of GJ 436 b. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 2014, 572. A73 [2022-11-28]. Bibcode:2014A&A...572A..73L. S2CID 55405647. arXiv:1409.4038 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201424373. (原始內容存檔於2022-10-06).