跳转到内容

位点特异性重组

维基百科,自由的百科全书
酪胺酸重组酶催化位点特异性重组的机制,上方为传统观点,下方为较新研究的观点
丝胺酸重组酶催化位点特异性重组的机制,四股DNA均被切割

位点特异性重组(Site-specific recombination)是生物基因重组的一种机制,即两段具有一定同源序列DNA发生重组[1][2][3],此过程中两段DNA序列会发先发生联会,位点特异性重组酶英语Recombinase(SSR)会与DNA结合,切割两段DNA后促进酯交换反应,使一段DNA与另一段DNA连接-而形成霍利迪交叉,再进行第二次切割而得到重组过的两段DNA[4][5]。重组酶可分为酪胺酸重组酶(如Cre重组酶英语Cre recombinaseFLP重组酶英语FLP-FRT recombination)与丝胺酸重组酶(如γδ解离酶Tn3解离酶英语Tn3 transposon)两大类,两者结构与详细反应机理均不同[6][7],前者仅分别切割两段DNA的一股,后者则将两段共4股DNA都切割[8]

位点特异性重组的特异性很高[9],在DNA复制可动遗传因子插入等过程中会发生[10],也被用作基因工程的一项技术[11]。此重组依重复片段的排列状况可能有整合、切除与倒位三种结果,两段不同DNA间的位点特异性重组可造成一段DNA被整合进另一段DNA中,同DNA中两段同向序列的位点特异性重组可造成中间的序列被移除,而两段反向序列的位点特异性重组则可造成中间序列倒位[12]

参见

[编辑]

参考文献

[编辑]
  1. ^ Bode, J; Schlake, T; asadasasada Iber, M; Schuebeler, D; Seibler, J; Snezhkov, E; Nikolaev, L. The transgeneticist's toolbox: novel methods for the targeted modification of eukaryotic genomes. Biol. Chem. 2000, 381 (9–10): 801–813. PMID 11076013. doi:10.1515/BC.2000.103. 
  2. ^ Kolb, A.F. Genome Engineering Using Site-Specific Recombinases. Cloning & Stem Cells. 2002, 4 (1): 65–80. PMID 12006158. doi:10.1089/153623002753632066. 
  3. ^ Coates, C.J.; Kaminski, JM; Summers, JB; Segal, DJ; Miller, AD; Kolb, AF. Site-directed genome modification: derivatives of BAL-modifying enzymes as targeting tools (PDF). Trends in Biotechnology. 2005, 23 (8): 407–19. PMID 15993503. doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2005.06.009. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2006-08-29). 
  4. ^ Van Duyne, G.D. A structural view of tyrosine recombinase site-specific recombination. Mobile DNA II. ASM Press. 2002: 93–117. 
  5. ^ Holliday, R. A mechanism for gene conversion in fungi (PDF). Genetics Research. 1964, 5 (2): 282–304 [2021-05-07]. doi:10.1017/S0016672300001233. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2011-05-21). 
  6. ^ Abdel-Meguid, S.S.; Grindley, N.D.; Templeton, N.S.; Steitz, T.A. Cleavage of the site-specific recombination protein gamma delta resolvase: the smaller of two fragments binds DNA specifically. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. April 1984, 81 (7): 2001–5. Bibcode:1984PNAS...81.2001A. PMC 345424可免费查阅. PMID 6326096. doi:10.1073/pnas.81.7.2001. 
  7. ^ Yang, W.; Steitz, T.A. Crystal structure of the site-specific recombinase gamma delta resolvase complexed with a 34 bp cleavage site. Cell. 1995, 82 (2): 193–207. PMID 7628011. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(95)90307-0. 
  8. ^ Stark, W.M.; Boocock, M.R.; Sherratt, DJ. Catalysis by site-specific recombinases. Trends in Genetics. 1992, 8 (12): 432–9. PMID 1337225. doi:10.1016/0168-9525(92)90327-Z. 
  9. ^ Sauer, B. Inducible Gene Targeting in Mice Using the Cre/loxSystem (PDF). Methods. 1998, 14 (4): 381–92. PMID 9608509. doi:10.1006/meth.1998.0593. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011-06-11). 
  10. ^ Nash, H. A. (1996). Site-specific recombination: integration, excision, resolution, and inversion of defined DNA segments. Escherichia coli and Salmonella: cellular and molecular biology, 2, pp. 2363–2376.
  11. ^ Akopian, A.; Stark, W.M. Site-Specific DNA Recombinases as Instruments for Genomic Surgery. Advances in Genetics 55. 2005: 1–23. ISBN 978-0-12-017655-7. PMID 16291210. doi:10.1016/S0065-2660(05)55001-6. 
  12. ^ Grindley ND, Whiteson KL, Rice PA. Mechanisms of site-specific recombination.. Annu Rev Biochem. 2006, 75: 567–605. PMID 16756503. doi:10.1146/annurev.biochem.73.011303.073908.