爱尔兰殖民地
爱尔兰殖民地是指16世纪和17世纪英格兰王国王室没收爱尔兰土地后再当地设立的殖民地。这些殖民地是英国殖民者殖民爱尔兰的象征，也是英国国王让爱尔兰盎格鲁化的一种手段。爱尔兰境内比较重要的殖民地建于1550年代至1620年代，其中最大的是阿尔斯特殖民地。殖民地建立后，在此基础上形成了许多城镇。[1]许多英国人和新教教徒在殖民地定居，这改变了爱尔兰的人口结构。 [2]
自12世纪诺曼征服爱尔兰后，一些大不列颠岛上的人就移民到爱尔兰。到了15世纪，爱尔兰岛上只剩下帕莱地区依旧由英格兰王国统治。 1540年代，英国都铎王朝开始征服爱尔兰。1550年代，英国人在爱尔兰岛上建立了第一批殖民地。伊丽莎白一世统治时期，英国人又再度在爱尔兰岛上建立殖民地。
参考文献[编辑]
- ^ Taylor, Alan. American Colonies, The Settling of North America
. Penguin. 2001: 119, 123. ISBN 0-14-200210-0.
- ^ Padraig Lenihan, Confederate Catholics at War, pp. 5–6: "The Gaelic Irish and Old English were increasingly seen by outsiders and defined themselves, as undifferentiatedly Irish. ... By the 1630s, members of the Catholic elite, whatever their paternal ancestry, shared a common identity and set of political attitudes. ... Conversely, it is possible to speak of a contending Protestant/New English/British group. The term 'British' has validity because of its contemporary usage (in referring to grantees in the Ulster Plantation for example) and, especially, because it embraces, as it was designed to, both English and Scottish interests in Ireland...the consciousness of being a privileged minority in a hostile environment."
