緻密氣
外观
緻密氣(英語:tight gas)是指在滲透率非常低的儲層岩石中的天然氣,它的生產需要大規模水力壓裂才能達到符合經濟效益的產量。這種天然氣一般不含凝析油。故被稱爲乾氣(英語:dry gas)。這些產生乾氣的不滲透儲層也被稱為“緻密砂岩”(英語:tight sand) [1]。 一般緻密氣藏通常定義為基質滲透率低於 0.1 毫達西 (mD) 和基質孔隙度低於 10%[2][3]。 緻密氣最常在砂岩,但有時在石灰岩。緻密氣被認為是一種非常規天然氣資源。緻密砂岩多屬古生代地層。因受長期地質作用,降低了岩石的滲透性,天然氣被困在這些岩層中。水平鑽井和水力壓裂 一般被常用於緻密砂岩的氣田開發。水平鑽井可增加生產管在岩層中長度,水力壓裂可增加岩層的破裂帶能加速氣體流動。故兩者實施可增加氣田產能[4]。
參考文獻
[编辑]- ^ "Tight Gas – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics". www.sciencedirect.com. Retrieved 2021-04-25
- ^ Ben E. Law and Charles W. Spencer, 1993, "Gas in tight reservoirs-an emerging major source of energy," in David G. Howell (ed.), The Future of Energy Gasses, US Geological Survey, Professional Paper 1570, pp. 233–252
- ^ Ali Sharif, Tight gas resources in Western Australia, Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum, Sept. 2007
- ^ McCoy, Mark; W. Neal Sams (2007). "Tight Gas Reservoir Simulation: Modeling Discrete Irregular Strata-Bound Fracture Networks and Network Flow, Including Dynamic Recharge from the Matrix" (PDF). National Energy Technology Laboratory. Retrieved 27 October 2011