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基瓦多毛怪：修订间差异

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{{inuse}}
{{Taxobox
{{Taxobox
| color = pink
| color = pink
| name = 基瓦多毛怪
| name = 基瓦多毛怪<br />''Kiwa hirsuta''
| image = Kiwa hirsuta.jpg
| image = Kiwahirsuta.jpg
| image_width = 200px
| regnum = [[动物界]] Animalia
| regnum = [[动物界]] Animalia
| phylum = [[节肢动物门]] Arthropoda
| phylum = [[节肢动物门]] Arthropoda
第20行： 第20行：
| binomial_authority = Macpherson, Jones & Segonzac, 2006
| binomial_authority = Macpherson, Jones & Segonzac, 2006
}}
}}
'''基瓦多毛怪'''（[[學名]]：{{lang|la|''Kiwa hirsuta''}}），是一种[[2005年]]发现于[[南太平洋]]深海中的[[甲壳亚门]][[软甲纲]][[十足目]][[抱卵亚目]][[异尾下目]][[动物]]<ref name="Macpherson">{{cite journal | author = E. Macpherson, W. Jones & M. Segonzac | year = 2006 |url=http://www.mnhn.fr/museum/front/medias/publication/6892_z05n4a3.pdf |format=[[Portable Document Format|PDF]] |title=A new squat lobster family of Galatheoidea (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura) from the hydrothermal vents of the Pacific-Antarctic Ridge | journal = [[Zoosystema]] | volume = 27 | issue = 4 | pages = 709–723 | language = en }}</ref>，该生物无论从[[形态生物学]]还是[[分子生物学]]的角度出发均无法分入任何现存的科或属中，因此暂独自构成同名的[[科]]和[[属]]。
{{Wikispecies}}


This [[Decapoda|decapod]], which is approximately {{convert|15|cm|abbr=on}} long, is notable for the quantity of silky blond [[setae]] (resembling fur) covering its [[pereiopod]]s ([[thorax|thoracic]] legs, including [[claw]]s). Its discoverers dubbed it the "[[yeti]] lobster" or "yeti crab".<ref name="BBC">{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/4785482.stm |title='Furry lobster' found in Pacific |publisher=[[BBC News]] |date=March 8, 2006}}</ref>
'''基瓦多毛怪'''（Kiwa hirsuta），是一种[[2005年]]发现于南[[太平洋]]深海中的[[甲壳亚门]][[软甲纲]][[十足目]][[抱卵亚目]][[异尾下目]][[动物]]，该生物无论从[[形态生物学]]还是[[分子生物学]]的角度出发均无法分入任何现存的科或属中，因此暂独自构成同名的[[科]]和[[属]]。


该生物发现于[[复活节岛]]以南1500公里的太平洋海底，当地水深2200米。其[[眼睛]]已极度退化，两[[鳌]]向头部前方延伸，并长[[绒毛]]，绒毛中富含[[细菌]]。基瓦多毛怪据信是[[杂食动物|杂食性]]，食物包括[[藻类]]和[[虾]]，但是也有人认为其鳌部绒毛中的细菌可以通过[[化能合成作用]]为其提供一定的[[营养]]。
该生物发现于[[复活节岛]]以南1500公里的太平洋海底，当地水深2200米。其[[眼睛]]已极度退化，两[[鳌]]向头部前方延伸，并长[[绒毛]]，绒毛中富含[[细菌]]。基瓦多毛怪据信是[[杂食动物|杂食性]]，食物包括[[藻类]]和[[虾]]，但是也有人认为其鳌部绒毛中的细菌可以通过[[化能合成作用]]为其提供一定的[[营养]]。


“基瓦多毛怪”一名由两个部分组成，[[基瓦]](Kiwa)是[[毛利人]]崇拜的男性海神之一，多毛怪则特指其多毛的体质。
“基瓦多毛怪”一名由两个部分组成，[[基瓦]](Kiwa)是[[毛利人]]崇拜的男性海神之一，多毛怪则特指其多毛的体质。

==Identification==
''K.&nbsp;hirsuta'' was discovered in March 2005 by a group organized by Robert Vrijenhoek of the [[Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute]] in [[Monterey, California]] and Michel Segonzac of the [[Ifremer]] and a [[Census of Marine Life]] scientist using the [[submarine]] [[DSV Alvin|DSV ''Alvin'']], operating from RV ''Atlantis''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mbari.org/expeditions/eastermicroplate/ |title=Easter Microplate Expedition March 12–April 6, 2005 |publisher=[[Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute]]}}</ref> The discovery was announced on 7 March 2006. It was found along the [[Pacific-Antarctic Ridge]], {{convert|1500|km|mi}} south of [[Easter Island]] at a depth of {{convert|2200|m}}, living on [[hydrothermal vent]]s.<ref name="Macpherson"/> Based on both [[morphology (biology)|morphology]] and [[molecular biology|molecular data]], the organism was deemed to form a new biological [[family (biology)|family]] ([[Kiwaidae]]);<ref name=NYTimes>{{Cite news |title=In the deep, deep sea, the 'yeti crab' |author=Cornelia Dean |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2006/03/14/science/14find.html?_r=1&scp=6 |newspaper=[[New York Times]] |date=March 14, 2006 |accessdate=December 6, 2010}}</ref> a second species, ''[[Kiwa puravida]]'', was discovered in 2006 and described in 2011.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Andrew R. Thurber, William J. Jones & Kareen Schnabel |year=2011 |title=Dancing for food in the deep sea: bacterial farming by a new species of yeti crab |journal=[[PLoS ONE]] |volume=6 |issue=11 |page=e26243 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0026243 |url=http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0026243}}</ref>

==Characteristics==
The animal has strongly reduced eyes that lack [[pigment]], and is thought to be blind. The "hairy" pincers contain [[filamentation|filamentous]] [[bacteria]], which the creature may use to detoxify poisonous minerals from the water emitted by the hydrothermal vents where it lives. Alternatively, it may feed on [[bacteria]], although it is generally thought to be a [[carnivore]].<ref name="BBC" />

Although it is often referred to as the "furry lobster" outside the [[scientific literature]],<ref name="BBC"/> ''Kiwa hirsuta'' is a [[squat lobster]], more closely related to [[crab]]s and [[hermit crab]]s than [[lobster|true lobsters]]. The term "furry lobster" is more commonly used for the family [[Synaxidae]].

==Etymology==
Macpherson ''et al.'' named the genus ''Kiwa'' after "the goddess of the shellfish in the Polynesian mythology", although [[Kiwa (mythology)|Kiwa]] is a male guardian of the sea in [[Māori mythology]].<ref>{{cite book | author = [[Elsdon Best]] | title = The Maori - Volume 1 | chapter = IV. Cosmogony and Anthropogeny | pages = 89–105 | chapterurl = http://www.nzetc.org/tm/scholarly/tei-Bes01Maor-t1-body-d4.html |year=1924}}</ref> ''{{lang|la|[[:wikt:hirsutus|Hirsuta]]}}'' means "hairy" in [[Latin]].


==参考资料==
==参考资料==
{{Reflist|32em}}

== 外部連結 ==
*{{Wikispecies-inline|Kiwa hirsuta|''Kiwa hirsuta''}}
*[http://news.qq.com/a/20060318/001165.htm 法科学家发现深海怪物 不伦不类种属难定]
*[http://news.qq.com/a/20060318/001165.htm 法科学家发现深海怪物 不伦不类种属难定]


[[Category:寄居蟹]]
[[Category:寄居蟹]]
[[Category:Squat lobsters]]
[[Category:Organisms living on hydrothermal vents]]
[[Category:Animals described in 2006]]
[[Category:Crustaceans of the eastern Pacific Ocean]]


[[ca:Kiwa hirsuta]]
[[ca:Kiwa hirsuta]]

2013年1月10日 (四) 16:30的版本

基瓦多毛怪
Kiwa hirsuta
File:Kiwahirsuta.jpg
科學分類
界： 动物界 Animalia
門： 节肢动物门 Arthropoda
亞門： 甲壳亚门 Crustacea
綱： 软甲纲 Malacostraca
目： 十足目 Decapoda
亞目： 抱卵亚目 Pleocyemata
下目： 异尾下目 Anomura
總科： 铠甲虾总科 Galatheoidea
科： Kiwaidae
Macpherson, Jones & Segonzac, 2006
屬： Kiwa
Macpherson, Jones & Segonzac, 2006
種： K. hirsuta
二名法
Kiwa hirsuta
Macpherson, Jones & Segonzac, 2006

基瓦多毛怪（學名：Kiwa hirsuta），是一种2005年发现于南太平洋深海中的甲壳亚门软甲纲十足目抱卵亚目异尾下目动物[1]，该生物无论从形态生物学还是分子生物学的角度出发均无法分入任何现存的科或属中，因此暂独自构成同名的科和属。

This decapod, which is approximately 15 cm（5.9英寸） long, is notable for the quantity of silky blond setae (resembling fur) covering its pereiopods (thoracic legs, including claws). Its discoverers dubbed it the "yeti lobster" or "yeti crab".[2]

该生物发现于复活节岛以南1500公里的太平洋海底，当地水深2200米。其眼睛已极度退化，两鳌向头部前方延伸，并长绒毛，绒毛中富含细菌。基瓦多毛怪据信是杂食性，食物包括藻类和虾，但是也有人认为其鳌部绒毛中的细菌可以通过化能合成作用为其提供一定的营养。

“基瓦多毛怪”一名由两个部分组成，基瓦(Kiwa)是毛利人崇拜的男性海神之一，多毛怪则特指其多毛的体质。

Identification

K. hirsuta was discovered in March 2005 by a group organized by Robert Vrijenhoek of the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute in Monterey, California and Michel Segonzac of the Ifremer and a Census of Marine Life scientist using the submarine DSV Alvin, operating from RV Atlantis.[3] The discovery was announced on 7 March 2006. It was found along the Pacific-Antarctic Ridge, 1,500公里（930英里） south of Easter Island at a depth of 2,200米（7,200英尺）, living on hydrothermal vents.[1] Based on both morphology and molecular data, the organism was deemed to form a new biological family (Kiwaidae);[4] a second species, Kiwa puravida, was discovered in 2006 and described in 2011.[5]

Characteristics

The animal has strongly reduced eyes that lack pigment, and is thought to be blind. The "hairy" pincers contain filamentous bacteria, which the creature may use to detoxify poisonous minerals from the water emitted by the hydrothermal vents where it lives. Alternatively, it may feed on bacteria, although it is generally thought to be a carnivore.[2]

Although it is often referred to as the "furry lobster" outside the scientific literature,[2] Kiwa hirsuta is a squat lobster, more closely related to crabs and hermit crabs than true lobsters. The term "furry lobster" is more commonly used for the family Synaxidae.

Etymology

Macpherson et al. named the genus Kiwa after "the goddess of the shellfish in the Polynesian mythology", although Kiwa is a male guardian of the sea in Māori mythology.[6] Hirsuta means "hairy" in Latin.

参考资料

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 E. Macpherson, W. Jones & M. Segonzac. A new squat lobster family of Galatheoidea (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura) from the hydrothermal vents of the Pacific-Antarctic Ridge (PDF). Zoosystema. 2006, 27 (4): 709–723 （英语）. 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 'Furry lobster' found in Pacific. BBC News. March 8, 2006. 
  3. ^ Easter Microplate Expedition March 12–April 6, 2005. Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute. 
  4. ^ Cornelia Dean. In the deep, deep sea, the 'yeti crab'. New York Times. March 14, 2006 [December 6, 2010]. 
  5. ^ Andrew R. Thurber, William J. Jones & Kareen Schnabel. Dancing for food in the deep sea: bacterial farming by a new species of yeti crab. PLoS ONE. 2011, 6 (11): e26243. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0026243. 
  6. ^ Elsdon Best. IV. Cosmogony and Anthropogeny. The Maori - Volume 1. 1924: 89–105. 

外部連結

取自“https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=基瓦多毛怪&oldid=24466913”