食物渴望:修订间差异

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'''食物渴望'''(food craving,也稱為'''選擇性飢餓''')與普遍常見的[[饥饿|飢餓感]]不同,屬於一種對食用特定食物的強烈欲望。<ref name="Ronzio">{{Cite encyclopedia |year=2003 |title=Craving |encyclopedia=The Encyclopedia of Nutrition and Good Health |publisher=Facts on File |url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofnu00robe/page/176 |edition=2nd |page=[https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofnu00robe/page/176 176] |isbn=978-0-8160-4966-0}}</ref>它可能與[./Https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_appetite 特殊食慾]有關,也可能不相關,即對於攝取特定[[營養素]]的驅動力,而該驅動力在動物身上得到了充分研究。在對食物渴望的研究中,[[巧克力]]幾乎總是排在人們表示渴望的食物之首;<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Weingarten |first=H. P. |last2=Elston |first2=D. |date=1991-12 |title=Food cravings in a college population |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1799279/ |journal=Appetite |volume=17 |issue=3 |doi=10.1016/0195-6663(91)90019-o |issn=0195-6663 |pmid=1799279}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rozin |first=Paul |last2=Levine |first2=Eleanor |last3=Stoess |first3=Caryn |date=1991-12-01 |title=Chocolate craving and liking |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/019566639190022K |journal=Appetite |language=en |volume=17 |issue=3 |doi=10.1016/0195-6663(91)90022-K |issn=0195-6663}}</ref>這種渴望被稱為[[巧克力癮|巧克力中毒]]。而將非食品當作食物的渴望稱為[[异食癖|異食癖]]。 <ref>{{Cite book|vauthors=Young SL|title=Craving earth: Understanding pica: The urge to eat clay, starch, ice, and chalk.|date=22 October 2012|location=New York, NY|publisher=Columbia University Press|isbn=978-0-231-14609-8}}</ref>
'''食物渴望'''(food craving,也稱為'''選擇性飢餓''')與普遍常見的[[饥饿|飢餓感]]不同,屬於一種對食用特定食物的強烈欲望。<ref name="Ronzio">{{Cite encyclopedia |year=2003 |title=Craving |encyclopedia=The Encyclopedia of Nutrition and Good Health |publisher=Facts on File |url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofnu00robe/page/176 |edition=2nd |page=[https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofnu00robe/page/176 176] |isbn=978-0-8160-4966-0}}</ref>它可能與[./Https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_appetite 特殊食慾]有關,也可能不相關,即對於攝取特定[[營養素]]的驅動力,而該驅動力在動物身上得到了充分研究。在對食物渴望的研究中,[[巧克力]]幾乎總是排在人們表示渴望的食物之首;<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Weingarten |first=H. P. |last2=Elston |first2=D. |date=1991-12 |title=Food cravings in a college population |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1799279/ |journal=Appetite |volume=17 |issue=3 |doi=10.1016/0195-6663(91)90019-o |issn=0195-6663 |pmid=1799279}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rozin |first=Paul |last2=Levine |first2=Eleanor |last3=Stoess |first3=Caryn |date=1991-12-01 |title=Chocolate craving and liking |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/019566639190022K |journal=Appetite |language=en |volume=17 |issue=3 |doi=10.1016/0195-6663(91)90022-K |issn=0195-6663}}</ref>這種渴望被稱為[[巧克力癮|巧克力中毒]]。而將非食品當作食物的渴望稱為[[异食癖|異食癖]]。 <ref>{{Cite book|vauthors=Young SL|title=Craving earth: Understanding pica: The urge to eat clay, starch, ice, and chalk.|date=22 October 2012|location=New York, NY|publisher=Columbia University Press|isbn=978-0-231-14609-8}}</ref>

食物渴望非常普遍,一項研究發現,97% 的女性和 68% 的男性表示有過對食物的渴望<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Weingarten HP, Elston D |title=Food cravings in a college population" |journal=Appetite. |date=December 1991 |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=167–75 |doi=10.1016/0195-6663(91)90019-o |pmid=1799279}}</ref>,且不一定是病態的<ref name=":0">{{cite journal |author1=Alonso-Alonso M, Woods SC, Pelchat M, Grigson PS, Stice E, Farooqi S, Khoo CS, Mattes RD, Beauchamp GK. |title=Food reward system: current perspectives and future research needs. |journal=Nutrition reviews. |date=2015 May 1 |volume=73 |issue=5 |pages=296-307.}}</ref>。這種渴望並不總是對美味的東西。它也可能是由營養缺乏、無聊或自我限制食物引起的<ref name=":0" />。

雖然很明顯某些食物能夠讓我們「渴望」,但食物是否會像藥物和酒精一樣成癮還不太清楚。與渴望不同,食物成癮更進一步,不僅包括強烈的渴望,而且還表現出對飲食行為的失控和反復過量食用食物,尤其是極度美味的食物<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Davis |first=Caroline |date=2014-12 |title=Evolutionary and neuropsychological perspectives on addictive behaviors and addictive substances: relevance to the &amp;quot;food addiction&amp;quot; construct |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/sar.s56835 |journal=Substance Abuse and Rehabilitation |doi=10.2147/sar.s56835 |issn=1179-8467}}</ref>。

而所謂的食物成癮是否存在,或者一些難以控制食物攝入量的人是否可以被視為食物成癮者,目前尚無共識。它仍然是一個備受爭議的領域。一些研究人員認為,藥物和酒精成癮的定義特徵在食物成癮中並不存在,而其他人則認為它們具有與大腦神經系統變化相關的相似特徵<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Jacques |first=Angela |last2=Chaaya |first2=Nicholas |last3=Beecher |first3=Kate |last4=Ali |first4=Syed Aoun |last5=Belmer |first5=Arnauld |last6=Bartlett |first6=Selena |date=2019-08 |title=The impact of sugar consumption on stress driven, emotional and addictive behaviors |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.05.021 |journal=Neuroscience &amp; Biobehavioral Reviews |volume=103 |doi=10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.05.021 |issn=0149-7634}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ahmed |first=Serge H. |last2=Guillem |first2=Karine |last3=Vandaele |first3=Youna |date=2013-07 |title=Sugar addiction |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mco.0b013e328361c8b8 |journal=Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care |volume=16 |issue=4 |doi=10.1097/mco.0b013e328361c8b8 |issn=1363-1950}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Schulte |first=Erica M. |last2=Avena |first2=Nicole M. |last3=Gearhardt |first3=Ashley N. |date=2015-02-18 |title=Which Foods May Be Addictive? The Roles of Processing, Fat Content, and Glycemic Load |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0117959 |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=10 |issue=2 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0117959 |issn=1932-6203}}</ref>。

食物渴望與高BMI以及可能導致體重增加的行為相關,包括增加零食、不遵守飲食限制以及[[貪食|暴食/貪食症]]<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Delahanty |first=Linda M. |last2=Meigs |first2=James B. |last3=Hayden |first3=Doug |last4=Williamson |first4=Donald A. |last5=Nathan |first5=David M. |date=2002-11-01 |title=Psychological and Behavioral Correlates of Baseline BMI in the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/diacare.25.11.1992 |journal=Diabetes Care |volume=25 |issue=11 |doi=10.2337/diacare.25.11.1992 |issn=0149-5992}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Waters |first=Anne |last2=Hill |first2=Andrew |last3=Waller |first3=Glenn |date=2000 |title=Internal and external antecedents of binge eating episodes in a group of women with bulimia nervosa |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1098-108x(200101)29:1<17::aid-eat3>3.0.co;2-r |journal=International Journal of Eating Disorders |volume=29 |issue=1 |doi=10.1002/1098-108x(200101)29:1<17::aid-eat3>3.0.co;2-r |issn=0276-3478}}</ref>。




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[[Category:神經心理學]]
[[Category:神經心理學]]
[[Category:飲食行為]]
[[Category:飲食行為]]

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2023年3月27日 (一) 12:25的版本

食物渴望(food craving,也稱為選擇性飢餓)與普遍常見的飢餓感不同,屬於一種對食用特定食物的強烈欲望。[1]它可能與[./Https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_appetite 特殊食慾]有關,也可能不相關,即對於攝取特定營養素的驅動力,而該驅動力在動物身上得到了充分研究。在對食物渴望的研究中,巧克力幾乎總是排在人們表示渴望的食物之首;[2][3]這種渴望被稱為巧克力中毒。而將非食品當作食物的渴望稱為異食癖[4]

食物渴望非常普遍,一項研究發現,97% 的女性和 68% 的男性表示有過對食物的渴望[5],且不一定是病態的[6]。這種渴望並不總是對美味的東西。它也可能是由營養缺乏、無聊或自我限制食物引起的[6]

雖然很明顯某些食物能夠讓我們「渴望」,但食物是否會像藥物和酒精一樣成癮還不太清楚。與渴望不同,食物成癮更進一步,不僅包括強烈的渴望,而且還表現出對飲食行為的失控和反復過量食用食物,尤其是極度美味的食物[7]

而所謂的食物成癮是否存在,或者一些難以控制食物攝入量的人是否可以被視為食物成癮者,目前尚無共識。它仍然是一個備受爭議的領域。一些研究人員認為,藥物和酒精成癮的定義特徵在食物成癮中並不存在,而其他人則認為它們具有與大腦神經系統變化相關的相似特徵[8][9][10]

食物渴望與高BMI以及可能導致體重增加的行為相關,包括增加零食、不遵守飲食限制以及暴食/貪食症[11][12]

  1. ^ Craving. The Encyclopedia of Nutrition and Good Health 2nd. Facts on File: 176. 2003. ISBN 978-0-8160-4966-0. 
  2. ^ Weingarten, H. P.; Elston, D. Food cravings in a college population. Appetite. 1991-12, 17 (3). ISSN 0195-6663. PMID 1799279. doi:10.1016/0195-6663(91)90019-o. 
  3. ^ Rozin, Paul; Levine, Eleanor; Stoess, Caryn. Chocolate craving and liking. Appetite. 1991-12-01, 17 (3). ISSN 0195-6663. doi:10.1016/0195-6663(91)90022-K (英语). 
  4. ^ Young SL. Craving earth: Understanding pica: The urge to eat clay, starch, ice, and chalk.. New York, NY: Columbia University Press. 22 October 2012. ISBN 978-0-231-14609-8. 
  5. ^ Weingarten HP, Elston D. Food cravings in a college population". Appetite. December 1991, 17 (3): 167–75. PMID 1799279. doi:10.1016/0195-6663(91)90019-o. 
  6. ^ 6.0 6.1 Alonso-Alonso M, Woods SC, Pelchat M, Grigson PS, Stice E, Farooqi S, Khoo CS, Mattes RD, Beauchamp GK. Food reward system: current perspectives and future research needs.. Nutrition reviews. 2015 May 1, 73 (5): 296–307. 
  7. ^ Davis, Caroline. Evolutionary and neuropsychological perspectives on addictive behaviors and addictive substances: relevance to the &quot;food addiction&quot; construct. Substance Abuse and Rehabilitation. 2014-12. ISSN 1179-8467. doi:10.2147/sar.s56835. 
  8. ^ Jacques, Angela; Chaaya, Nicholas; Beecher, Kate; Ali, Syed Aoun; Belmer, Arnauld; Bartlett, Selena. The impact of sugar consumption on stress driven, emotional and addictive behaviors. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews. 2019-08, 103. ISSN 0149-7634. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.05.021. 
  9. ^ Ahmed, Serge H.; Guillem, Karine; Vandaele, Youna. Sugar addiction. Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care. 2013-07, 16 (4). ISSN 1363-1950. doi:10.1097/mco.0b013e328361c8b8. 
  10. ^ Schulte, Erica M.; Avena, Nicole M.; Gearhardt, Ashley N. Which Foods May Be Addictive? The Roles of Processing, Fat Content, and Glycemic Load. PLOS ONE. 2015-02-18, 10 (2). ISSN 1932-6203. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0117959. 
  11. ^ Delahanty, Linda M.; Meigs, James B.; Hayden, Doug; Williamson, Donald A.; Nathan, David M. Psychological and Behavioral Correlates of Baseline BMI in the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP). Diabetes Care. 2002-11-01, 25 (11). ISSN 0149-5992. doi:10.2337/diacare.25.11.1992. 
  12. ^ Waters, Anne; Hill, Andrew; Waller, Glenn. <17::aid-eat3>3.0.co;2-r Internal and external antecedents of binge eating episodes in a group of women with bulimia nervosa. International Journal of Eating Disorders. 2000, 29 (1). ISSN 0276-3478. doi:10.1002/1098-108x(200101)29:1<17::aid-eat3>3.0.co;2-r.