長胸神經：修订间差异

胸长神经(long thoracic nerve)
	左上肢的神经（胸长神经垂直标记在肩部，动脉左侧，从左往右数第二根垂直的神经。）
	右侧臂丛和其短分支前面观(胸长神经被标记在中央，从上起第三个)
基本信息
來源	臂丛 (C5-C7)
支配	前锯肌
标识字符
拉丁文	nervus thoracicus longus
TA98	A14.2.03.012
TA2	6410
FMA	FMA:65275
格雷氏	p.933
	《神经解剖学术语（英语：Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy）》 [在维基数据上编辑]

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2024年4月1日 (一) 14:21的版本

長胸神經（nervus thoracicus longus），又称“外呼吸贝尔神经”（external respiratory nerve of Bell）^[1]，“胸长神经”，源自於第五至第七對頸脊神經（英语：cervical nerves）（C5-7）的脊神經前支（英语：anterior rami），主要支配前鋸肌。一般來說C5和C6會穿過中斜角肌（英语：scalenus medius），C7則會從該肌肉前方穿過，有時C7不會加入長胸神經。

结构

胸长神经起自C5-C7神经根，在臂丛主要结构后向外下进入腋窝，沿胸侧壁前锯肌表面随胸外侧动脉下行。^[2]^[3]

变异

在大约 10% 的人群中，胸长神经也接受来自 C8 的神经供应。^[3]

临床意义

翼状肩

翼状肩是指胸长神经损伤引起前锯肌瘫痪，肩胛骨脊柱缘翘起呈翼状。^[4]乳房切除术、臂丛炎可能造成胸长神经的损伤，从而导致翼状肩。^[5]

可用胸背神经的后支支配胸长神经以治疗翼状肩。^[5]^[6]

其他圖像

$The right brachial plexus (infraclavicular portion) in the axillary fossa; viewed from below and in front.$

The right brachial plexus (infraclavicular portion) in the axillary fossa; viewed from below and in front.
Brachial plexus
Brachial plexus with courses of spinal nerves shown

參見

查尔斯·贝尔
Backpack palsy（英语：Backpack palsy）

参考资料

^ Furukawa, Tetsuo. External respiratory nerve of Bell (long thoracic nerve). Neurology. 1989-01-01, 39 (1): 147–147 [2021-02-19]. ISSN 0028-3878. PMID 2642611. doi:10.1212/WNL.39.1.147. （原始内容存档于2018-06-02）（英语）.
^ Tomberlin, John. CHAPTER 53 - Neurodynamic Techniques for the Athlete's Shoulder. Wilk, Kevin E. (编). The Athlete's Shoulder (Second Edition). Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone. 2009-01-01: 707–717. ISBN 978-0-443-06701-3. doi:10.1016/b978-044306701-3.50056-6.
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 Lung, Kirsten; Lui, Forshing. Anatomy, Thorax, Long Thoracic Nerve. StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. 2024. PMID 30571017.
^ 术语在线. www.termonline.cn. [2024-04-01] （中文）. 胸长神经损伤引起前锯肌瘫痪，肩胛骨脊柱缘翘起呈翼状。
^ ^5.0 ^5.1 Hanna, Amgad S. Long Thoracic and Thoracodorsal Nerves. Anatomy and Exposures of Spinal Nerves. Cham: Springer International Publishing. 2015: 49–50. ISBN 978-3-319-14519-8. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-14520-4_13 （英语）.
^ Ray, Wilson Z.; Pet, Mitchell A.; Nicoson, Michael C.; Yee, Andrew; Kahn, Lorna C.; Mackinnon, Susan E. Two-level motor nerve transfer for the treatment of long thoracic nerve palsy: Case report. Journal of Neurosurgery. 2011-10-01, 115 (4). ISSN 1933-0693. doi:10.3171/2011.5.JNS101615 （美国英语）.

外部連結

杜克大学医学中心整形外科計畫中的Long thoracic nerve
synd/2384 - Who Named It?
Anatomy figure: 05:03-07 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "The major subdivisions and terminal nerves of the brachial plexus."

Template:Brachial plexus

[1] Furukawa, Tetsuo. External respiratory nerve of Bell (long thoracic nerve). Neurology. 1989-01-01, 39 (1): 147–147 [2021-02-19]. ISSN 0028-3878. PMID 2642611. doi:10.1212/WNL.39.1.147. （原始内容存档于2018-06-02）（英语）.

[2] Tomberlin, John. CHAPTER 53 - Neurodynamic Techniques for the Athlete's Shoulder. Wilk, Kevin E. (编). The Athlete's Shoulder (Second Edition). Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone. 2009-01-01: 707–717. ISBN 978-0-443-06701-3. doi:10.1016/b978-044306701-3.50056-6.

[:0-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Lung, Kirsten; Lui, Forshing. Anatomy, Thorax, Long Thoracic Nerve. StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. 2024. PMID 30571017.

[4] 术语在线. www.termonline.cn. [2024-04-01] （中文）. 胸长神经损伤引起前锯肌瘫痪，肩胛骨脊柱缘翘起呈翼状。

[:1-5] 5.0 ^5.1 Hanna, Amgad S. Long Thoracic and Thoracodorsal Nerves. Anatomy and Exposures of Spinal Nerves. Cham: Springer International Publishing. 2015: 49–50. ISBN 978-3-319-14519-8. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-14520-4_13 （英语）.

[6] Ray, Wilson Z.; Pet, Mitchell A.; Nicoson, Michael C.; Yee, Andrew; Kahn, Lorna C.; Mackinnon, Susan E. Two-level motor nerve transfer for the treatment of long thoracic nerve palsy: Case report. Journal of Neurosurgery. 2011-10-01, 115 (4). ISSN 1933-0693. doi:10.3171/2011.5.JNS101615 （美国英语）.

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@@ 第1行： / 第1行： @@
+{{medical}}
 {{Infobox nerve
-| Name        = 長胸神經
+| Name        = 胸长神经({{lang|en|long thoracic nerve}})
 | Latin       = nervus thoracicus longus
 | Image       = Nerves of the left upper extremity.gif
+| Caption     = 左上肢的神经（胸长神经垂直标记在肩部，动脉左侧，从左往右数第二根垂直的神经。）
-| Caption     = Nerves of the left upper extremity. (Long thoracic labeled vertically at shoulder, to left of artery.)
 | Image2      = Gray808.png
-| Caption2    = 右側[[臂神经丛]]正面觀。(Long thoracic labeled at center, third from top.)
+| Caption2    = 右侧[[臂丛]]和其短分支前面观(胸长神经被标记在中央，从上起第三个)
-| Innervates  = [[前鋸肌]]
+| Innervates  = [[前锯肌]]
-| BranchFrom  = [[臂神经丛]] (C5-C7)
+| BranchFrom  = [[臂丛]] (C5-C7)
 | BranchTo    =
-<!--
-| GraySubject = 210
-| GrayPage    = 933
-| DorlandsPre = n_05
-| DorlandsSuf = 12566912
--->
 }}
-'''長胸神經'''（nervus thoracicus longus），又称“'''外呼吸贝尔神经'''”（external respiratory nerve of Bell）<ref>{{Cite journal|title=External respiratory nerve of Bell (long thoracic nerve)|url=https://n.neurology.org/content/39/1/147|last=Furukawa|first=Tetsuo|date=1989-01-01|journal=Neurology|issue=1|doi=10.1212/WNL.39.1.147|volume=39|pages=147–147|language=en|issn=0028-3878|pmid=2642611|access-date=2021-02-19|archive-date=2018-06-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180602091640/http://n.neurology.org/content/39/1/147}}</ref>，源自於第五至第七對{{tsl|en|cervical nerves|頸脊神經}}（C5-7）的{{tsl|en|anterior rami|脊神經前支}}，主要支配[[前鋸肌]]。一般來說C5和C6會穿過{{tsl|en|scalenus medius|中斜角肌}}，C7則會從該肌肉前方穿過，有時C7不會加入長胸神經。
+'''長胸神經'''（nervus thoracicus longus），又称“'''外呼吸贝尔神经'''”（external respiratory nerve of Bell）<ref>{{Cite journal|title=External respiratory nerve of Bell (long thoracic nerve)|url=https://n.neurology.org/content/39/1/147|last=Furukawa|first=Tetsuo|date=1989-01-01|journal=Neurology|issue=1|doi=10.1212/WNL.39.1.147|volume=39|pages=147–147|language=en|issn=0028-3878|pmid=2642611|access-date=2021-02-19|archive-date=2018-06-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180602091640/http://n.neurology.org/content/39/1/147}}</ref>，“'''胸长神经'''”，源自於第五至第七對{{tsl|en|cervical nerves|頸脊神經}}（C5-7）的{{tsl|en|anterior rami|脊神經前支}}，主要支配[[前鋸肌]]。一般來說C5和C6會穿過{{tsl|en|scalenus medius|中斜角肌}}，C7則會從該肌肉前方穿過，有時C7不會加入長胸神經。
+== 结构 ==
+胸长神经起自C5-C7神经根，在臂丛主要结构后向外下进入[[腋窩|腋窝]]，沿胸侧壁前锯肌表面随[[胸外侧动脉]]下行。<ref>{{Cite book|chapter=CHAPTER 53 - Neurodynamic Techniques for the Athlete's Shoulder|title=The Athlete's Shoulder (Second Edition)|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780443067013500566|publisher=Churchill Livingstone|date=2009-01-01|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0-443-06701-3|pages=707–717|doi=10.1016/b978-044306701-3.50056-6|first=John|last=Tomberlin|editor-first=Kevin E.|editor-last=Wilk}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book|chapter=Anatomy, Thorax, Long Thoracic Nerve|title=StatPearls|url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK535396/|publisher=StatPearls Publishing|date=2024|location=Treasure Island (FL)|pmid=30571017|first=Kirsten|last=Lung|first2=Forshing|last2=Lui}}</ref>
+=== 变异 ===
+在大约 10% 的人群中，胸长神经也接受来自 C8 的神经供应。<ref name=":0" />
+== 临床意义 ==
+=== 翼状肩 ===
+[[翼状肩]]是指胸长神经损伤引起前锯肌瘫痪，肩胛骨脊柱缘翘起呈翼状。<ref>{{Cite web|title=术语在线|url=https://www.termonline.cn/wordDetail?subject=48bc903826a911ee9bacb068e6519520&base=1|website=www.termonline.cn|language=zh|url-status=live|access-date=2024-04-01|quote=胸长神经损伤引起前锯肌瘫痪，肩胛骨脊柱缘翘起呈翼状。}}</ref>乳房切除术、臂丛炎可能造成胸长神经的损伤，从而导致翼状肩。<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|chapter=Long Thoracic and Thoracodorsal Nerves|title=Anatomy and Exposures of Spinal Nerves|url=https://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-319-14520-4_13|publisher=Springer International Publishing|date=2015|location=Cham|isbn=978-3-319-14519-8|pages=49–50|doi=10.1007/978-3-319-14520-4_13|language=en|first=Amgad S.|last=Hanna}}</ref>
+可用[[胸背神经]]的后支支配胸长神经以治疗翼状肩。<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ray |first=Wilson Z. |last2=Pet |first2=Mitchell A. |last3=Nicoson |first3=Michael C. |last4=Yee |first4=Andrew |last5=Kahn |first5=Lorna C. |last6=Mackinnon |first6=Susan E. |date=2011-10-01 |title=Two-level motor nerve transfer for the treatment of long thoracic nerve palsy: Case report |url=https://thejns.org/view/journals/j-neurosurg/115/4/article-p858.xml |journal=Journal of Neurosurgery |language=en-US |volume=115 |issue=4 |doi=10.3171/2011.5.JNS101615 |issn=1933-0693}}</ref>
 ==其他圖像==