豐原素

豐原素
	IUPAC名; (4S)-5-[[(2R)-5-amino-1-[[(4S,7S,10S,13S,19R,22S,25S,28R)-10-(3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-4-[(2R)-butan-2-yl]-22-(2-carboxyethyl)-25-[(1S)-1-hydroxyethyl]-7-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-19-methyl-3,6,9,12,18,21,24,27-octaoxo-2-oxa-5,8,11,17,20,23,26-heptazatricyclo[28.2.2.013,17]tetratriaconta-1(33),30(34),31-trien-28-yl]amino]-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-4-(3-hydroxyhexadecanoylamino)-5-oxopentanoic acid
识别
CAS号	102577-03-7
PubChem	443591
ChemSpider	35518574
SMILES	CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(CC(=O)NC(CCC(=O)O)C(=O)NC(CCCN)C(=O)NC1CC2=CC=C(C=C2)OC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C3CCCN3C(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC1=O)C(C)O)CCC(=O)O)C)CCC(=O)N)CC4=CC=C(C=C4)O)C(C)CC)O;
InChIKey	CUOJDWBMJMRDHN-RLLVTFBRSA-N
KEGG	C12042
性质
化学式	C72H110N12O20
摩尔质量	1,462.795934 g·mol⁻¹
	若非注明，所有数据均出自标准状态（25 ℃，100 kPa）下。

豐原素（Fengycin）為一種具有抗菌活性的脂多肽。

結構

豐原素屬於脂多肽，由β-羥基脂肪酸連結於10顆胺基酸組成的多肽上，其中含有一顆由八顆胺基酸組成的環^[1]。

功能

豐原素具有抑制絲狀真菌的功能^[1]。有研究顯示，鼻腔及腸道擁有芽孢桿菌屬菌叢的個體，檢體中的金黃色葡萄球菌較少，推論可能與芽孢桿菌屬會分泌豐原素等抑菌物質相關^[2]。

作用機轉

豐原素可干擾金黃色葡萄球菌的群聚感應系統，可與自誘導肽（Agr autoinducing-peptide，AIP）競爭AgrC的胞外結合域，進而抑制葡萄球菌移生的能力^[2]。

歷史

1977年，台灣中興大學陳昇明教授在台中縣豐原市郊（今台中市豐原區）的馬鈴薯田中篩選出一株具有抑制立枯絲核菌（Rizoctonia solani）功能的枯草桿菌（Bacillus subtilis），菌株編號定為「F29-3」^[3]^[4]。在經過分析後發現，枯草桿菌F29-3除了具有抑制立枯絲核菌的功能之外，也能抑制其他絲狀真菌、細菌，和酵母菌。進一步分析後發現兩種抗菌物質，分別命名為「Bacilysin」及「豐原素」（Fengycin）兩種抗菌物質^[5]

參考文獻

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 Deleu, Magali; Paquot, Michel; Nylander, Tommy. Fengycin interaction with lipid monolayers at the air–aqueous interface—implications for the effect of fengycin on biological membranes. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. 2005-03-15, 283 (2): 358–365. ISSN 0021-9797. doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2004.09.036 （英语）.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 Piewngam, Pipat; Zheng, Yue; Nguyen, Thuan H.; Dickey, Seth W.; Joo, Hwang-Soo; Villaruz, Amer E.; Glose, Kyle A.; Fisher, Emilie L.; Hunt, Rachelle L. Pathogen elimination by probiotic Bacillus via signalling interference. Nature. 2018-10, 562 (7728): 532–537 [2020-02-13]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0616-y. （原始内容存档于2019-11-09）（英语）.
^ Tschen, J. & J.-M. Liu:. Nocardia sp. as antagonists to Rhizoctonia solani.. Plant Protection Bulletin. 1977, 19: 301.
^ Tschen, J. & J.-M. Liu:. Antagonistic effects of Nocardia sp. on Rhizoctonia solani.. 3rd International Congress of Plant Pathology: Abstracts (Miinchen). 1978: 187.
^ Vanittanakom, Nongnuch; Loeffler, Wolfgang; Koch, Ulrike; Jung, Günther. Fengycin - A novel antifungal lipopeptide antibiotic produced by Bacillus subtilis F-29-3.. The Journal of Antibiotics. 1986, 39 (7): 888–901. ISSN 0021-8820. doi:10.7164/antibiotics.39.888 （英语）.

[:0-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Deleu, Magali; Paquot, Michel; Nylander, Tommy. Fengycin interaction with lipid monolayers at the air–aqueous interface—implications for the effect of fengycin on biological membranes. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. 2005-03-15, 283 (2): 358–365. ISSN 0021-9797. doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2004.09.036 （英语）.

[:1-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Piewngam, Pipat; Zheng, Yue; Nguyen, Thuan H.; Dickey, Seth W.; Joo, Hwang-Soo; Villaruz, Amer E.; Glose, Kyle A.; Fisher, Emilie L.; Hunt, Rachelle L. Pathogen elimination by probiotic Bacillus via signalling interference. Nature. 2018-10, 562 (7728): 532–537 [2020-02-13]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0616-y. （原始内容存档于2019-11-09）（英语）.

[3] Tschen, J. & J.-M. Liu:. Nocardia sp. as antagonists to Rhizoctonia solani.. Plant Protection Bulletin. 1977, 19: 301.

[4] Tschen, J. & J.-M. Liu:. Antagonistic effects of Nocardia sp. on Rhizoctonia solani.. 3rd International Congress of Plant Pathology: Abstracts (Miinchen). 1978: 187.

[5] Vanittanakom, Nongnuch; Loeffler, Wolfgang; Koch, Ulrike; Jung, Günther. Fengycin - A novel antifungal lipopeptide antibiotic produced by Bacillus subtilis F-29-3.. The Journal of Antibiotics. 1986, 39 (7): 888–901. ISSN 0021-8820. doi:10.7164/antibiotics.39.888 （英语）.

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