頭狀骨
| 頭狀骨 | |
|---|---|
_01_palmar_view.png) 左手掌面觀，紅色部分為頭狀骨。 | |
 左手頭狀骨 左：尺骨連接面（小指側） 右：橈骨側（大拇指側） | |
| 细节 | |
| 屬於 | 腕骨 |
| 识别标示 | |
| 拉丁语 | Os capitatum; os magnum |
| MeSH | D051224 |
| TA98 | A02.4.08.011 |
| TA2 | 1258 |
| FMA | FMA:23727 |
| 格雷氏 | p.226 |
| 骨骼解剖学术语 | |
頭狀骨（capitate bone）是人類掌骨中最大的一塊，為腕骨中央的骨頭。較圓的一端位於手舟骨及月骨所組成的凹槽上[1]。
許多哺乳類動物身上也可以找到這塊骨頭，與爬蟲類及兩棲類身上的第三遠端腕骨為同源構造。
構造[编辑]
頭狀骨是腕骨中最大的一塊[2]，位於腕骨遠端列。頭狀骨的旁邊接的是無名指掌骨，，尺骨側連接的是鉤骨，橈側連接三角骨，腕側結月骨跟手舟骨。[3]:708–709
表面[编辑]
The superior surface is round, smooth, and articulates with the lunate bone.[1]
The inferior surface is divided by two ridges into three facets, for articulation with the second, third, and fourth metacarpal bones, that for the third being the largest.[1]
The dorsal surface is broad and rough.[1]
The palmar surface is narrow, rounded, and rough, for the attachment of ligaments and a part of the adductor pollicis muscle.[1]
The lateral surface articulates with the lesser multangular by a small facet at its anterior inferior angle, behind which is a rough depression for the attachment of an interosseous ligament. Above this is a deep, rough groove, forming part of the neck, and serving for the attachment of ligaments; it is bounded superiorly by a smooth, convex surface, for articulation with the scaphoid bone.[1]
The medial surface articulates with the hamate bone by a smooth, concave, oblong facet, which occupies its posterior and superior parts; it is rough in front, for the attachment of an interosseous ligament.[1]
變形[编辑]
The capitate bone variably articulates with the metacarpal of the index finger.[2]
骨化[编辑]
頭狀骨的骨化始於1至5個月大時。[4]
功能[编辑]
為構成腕骨的一部分。[3]:708
歷史[编辑]
辭源來自於拉丁文的「頭」（拉丁語：capitātus）。[5]
附加圖像[编辑]
左手頭狀骨示意圖（紅色部分）
左手頭狀骨近觀圖（紅色部分）
左手頭狀骨，尺骨面觀（小指面觀）
左手頭狀骨，橈骨面觀（大拇指面）
Right hand posterior view (dorsal view). Thumb on bottom.
Right hand anterior view (palmar view). Thumb on top.
Capitate bone shown in yellow. Left hand. Palmar surface.
Capitate bone shown in yellow. Left hand. Dorsal surface.
Transverse section across the wrist (palm on top, thumb on left). Capitate bone shown in yellow.
Cross section of wrist (thumb on left). Capitate shown in red.
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參見[编辑]
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维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源：頭狀骨 |
本條目使用了部分解剖術語，概述請參閱這裡。
參見[编辑]
本條目包含來自屬於公共領域版本的《格雷氏解剖學》之內容，而其中有些資訊可能已經過時。
- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Gray's Anatomy (1918). See infobox.
- ^ 2.0 2.1 Eathorne, SW. The wrist: clinical anatomy and physical examination--an update.. Primary care. Mar 2005, 32 (1): 17–33. PMID 15831311. doi:10.1016/j.pop.2004.11.009.
- ^ 3.0 3.1 Drake, Richard L.; Vogl, Wayne; Tibbitts, Adam W.M. Mitchell; illustrations by Richard; Richardson, Paul. Gray's anatomy for students. Philadelphia: Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone. 2005. ISBN 978-0-8089-2306-0.
- ^ Balachandran, Ajay; Kartha, Moumitha; Krishna, Anooj; Thomas, Jerry; K, Prathilash; TN, Prem; GK, Libu; B, Krishnan; John, Liza. A Study of Ossification of Capitate, Hamate, Triquetral & Lunate in Forensic Age Estimation. Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology. 2014, 8 (2): 218–224 [18 August 2014]. ISSN 0973-9130. doi:10.5958/0973-9130.2014.00720.8. （原始内容存档于2019-12-10）.
- ^ Harper, Douglas. Capitate. Online Etymology Dictionary. [5 January 2014].
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