白嘴潜鸟
白嘴潜鸟 | |
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攝於阿拉斯加 | |
科学分类 | |
界: | 动物界 Animalia |
门: | 脊索动物门 Chordata |
纲: | 鸟纲 Aves |
目: | 潛鳥目 Gaviiformes |
科: | 潛鳥科 Gaviidae |
属: | 潛鳥屬 Gavia |
种: | 白嘴潜鸟 G. adamsii
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二名法 | |
Gavia adamsii (Gray, 1859)
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分布範圍 繁殖分布 冬季分布
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白嘴潜鸟(学名:Gavia adamsii),又名黄嘴潜鸟,英文名Yellow-billed Loon(黄嘴潜鸟)或White-billed Diver(白嘴潜鸟),是潜鸟科中体型最大的一种,体长77-100厘米,平均体重为5.3公斤,翼展为135-160厘米。
体貌
嘴上扬,上颚有浅色中线,头较上身色浅。有白色颈环。头和身体呈流线型,有利于潜水捕鱼,在岸上则十分笨拙。虹膜呈红色;嘴呈象牙色;脚呈黑色。叫声似哭又似笑。在海上无声,但在繁殖地会发出假声的尖叫。
习性
单独于淡水区域繁殖,常以水边低矮植物材料筑巢。在沿海水域过冬。白嘴潜鸟性警惕,即便睡觉时脚也在划水,眼睛睁开一条缝。[2]
生态环境
生活在水中,可以潜入深水中捕捉鱼类。
分布地域
繁殖于欧亚大陆及北美洲极北部,冬抵太平洋的东西两方的沿海地带。在中国主要分布在辽东半岛(柳树屯)、福建(福安)等地。
參考
- BirdLife International. Gavia adamsii. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004. [2007年3月10日].
- Gavia adamsii. ITIS.
- 四川鸟类新记录:http://www.cqvip.com/Read/Read.aspx?id=1000027123
- Reproductive behavior of the Yellow-billed Loon, Gavia adamsii:http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/1367094?uid=3737800&uid=2&uid=4&sid=21101313438627
- Yellow-billed loon, Gavia adamsii , breeding chronology and reproductive success in arctic Alaska: http://md1.csa.com/partners/viewrecord.php?requester=gs&collection=ENV&recid=1904184&q=Gavia+adamsii&uid=792138883&setcookie=yes[永久失效連結]
- A landscape-scale model of yellow-billed loon (Gavia adamsii) habitat preferences in northern alaska:http://www.springerlink.com/content/a277141584w8g327/fulltext.pdf[永久失效連結]
- Hybrids in divers (Gaviiformes): http://www.springerlink.com/content/mgul2pl527131245/fulltext.pdf[永久失效連結]
- Feeding Schedule and Daily Food Consumption in Red-Throated Loons (Gavia stellata) over the Prefledging Period:http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/4086613?uid=3737800&uid=2&uid=4&sid=21101313438627
- Nesting Activity of Yellow-Billed Loons on the Colville River Delta, Alaska, after the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill: http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/4163290?uid=3737800&uid=2&uid=4&sid=21101313438627
- Wintering Behavior of Common Loons: http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/4085460?uid=3737800&uid=2&uid=4&sid=21101313438627
- ^ Gavia adamsii. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2012. [26 November 2013].
- ^ 视频:http://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XMjk1MzM5OTM2.html
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