特林吉特人

特林吉特人（英語：Tlingit /ˈklɪŋk[不支援的輸入：'ɨ']t/ 或 /ˈtlɪŋɡ[不支援的輸入：'ɨ']t/；也寫作 Tlinkit）或譯特林基特人，是北美洲太平洋西北海岸原住民的一支^[2]，他們自稱為 Lingít（[ɬɪŋkɪ́t]）^[3]，其意思是“潮汐之人^[4]。其俄語名稱“Колоши”（來自Sugpiaq-Alutiiq語“kulut'ruaq”，指的是女人們用的唇飾）和德語名稱“Koulischen”歷史上也曾用到，例如格里戈里·切利科夫1796年繪製的俄屬北美地圖上就曾出現這些名字^[5]。

特林吉特人是在阿拉斯加東南部的溫帶雨林中發展出來的母系氏族^[6]。他們採取以漁業為主的半定居式的生活，并結合狩獵採集為生^[7]。內陸地區的特林吉特人稱作“內陸特林吉特人”（Inland Tlingit），他們生活在卑詩省西北部和育空地區南部。

注釋

^ 1990年代，Pritzker, 209
^ Pritzker, 162
^ "Lingít Yoo X'atángi: The Tlingit Language." （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Sealaska Heritage Institute. (retrieved 3 December 2009)
^ Pritzker, 208 "People of the Tides"
^ Shelikhov, Gregorii Ivanovich and Richard A. Pierce. A Voyage to America 1783–1786. Kingston: Limestone Press, 1981.
^ Pritzker, 210
^ Moss, 27

de Laguna, Fredericæ. "Tlingit." Suttles, Wayne, ed. Handbook of North American Indians, Vol. 7: Northwest Coast. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution, 1990: 203-28. ISBN 0-87474-187-4.
Boyd, Robert Thomas. The Coming of the Spirit of Pestilence: Introduced Infectious Diseases and Population Decline among Northwest Coast Indians, 1774-1874. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1999. ISBN 978-0-295-97837-6.
Moss, Madonna. Northwest Coast: Archaeology as Deep History. Washington, D.C.: Society for American Archaeology, 2011.
Pritzker, Barry M. A Native American Encyclopedia: History, Culture, and Peoples. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000: 286-7. ISBN 978-0-19-513877-1.
Kan, Sergei. "Shamanism and Christianity: Modern-Day Tlingit Elders Look at the Past." Klass, Morton and Maxine Wiesgrau, eds. Across The Boundaries Of Belief: Contemporary Issues In The Anthropology Of Religion. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1999. ISBN 978-0-8133-2695-5.

The Tlingit Indians, George Thornton Emmons (Contributors Frederica De Laguna &Jean Low), University of Washington Press, 1991, ISBN 0295970081, 9780295970080, 488 pp.
The Tlingit Indians in Russian America, 1741-1867: 1741-1867, Andrei Val'terovich Grinev, Richard L. Bland, Katerina G. Solovjova, Translated by Richard L. Bland, Katerina G. Solovjova, Contributor Richard L. Bland, Katerina G. Solovjova, U. of Nebraska Press, 2005, ISBN 0803222149, 9780803222144, 386 pp.