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太阳系最高山峰列表

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这是本页的一个历史版本,由Cewbot留言 | 贡献2021年1月19日 (二) 23:25 (bot: 清理跨語言連結塔尔西斯山群成為內部連結:編輯摘要的red link經繁簡轉換後存在)编辑。这可能和当前版本存在着巨大的差异。

以下为太阳系各星球上已知的最高山峰列表,羅列星球上的各類型之最高峰。位於火星上高达22公里的盾状火山奥林帕斯山是太阳系所有行星中的最高山峰。在1971年它被发现之后的40年中,奥林帕斯山一直是太阳系中已知的最高峰。 然而在2011年发现小行星灶神星雷亚希尔维亚盆地中央峰具有與其相仿的高度。[a]

太阳系最高峰,火星上的奥林帕斯山与地球上的珠穆朗玛峰冒纳凯阿火山的对比。

列表

以下高度为从底部到顶部的距离,因为在其他星球没有与地球对等的海平面可供测量。

星球 最高峰 高度 发源 注释
水星 卡洛里山脉 3 km[1][2] 撞击坑[3] 卡洛里撞击形成
金星 馬克士威山脈 6.4 km(4.0 mi) [4] 构造山[5] 具有被称为「金星之雪」的明亮雷达影像区域,可能是因为黄铁矿等矿物存在造成的[6]
马特山 4.9 km(3.0 mi)[7] 火山[8] 金星上最高的火山
地球 冒纳凯阿火山冒纳罗亚火山 10.2 km(6.3 mi)[9] 火山 地球上底部到顶部最高的山,露出海平面仅有4.2 km(2.6 mi)
泰德峰 7.5km[10] 火山 露出海平面仅有3.7 km(2.3 mi)
迪纳利峰 6.9km[11] 构造山 地面上底部到顶部最高的山,相对高度超过6000米[12][b]
珠穆朗玛峰 8.8 km 构造山 北坡高4.6 km,南坡高3.6 km[c]
钦博拉索山 6.3km 构造山 地球上距离地心最远的一点
月球 惠更斯山 5.5 km(3.4 mi)[13][14] 撞击坑 雨海撞击形成
哈德利山 4.5 km(2.8 mi)[13][14] 撞击坑 由雨海撞击形成
吕姆克山 1.1 km(0.68 mi)[15] 火山 月球上最大的火山结构[15]
火星 奥林帕斯山 26 km(16 mi)[16][17] 火山 Rises 26 km above northern plains,[18] 1000 km away.
艾斯克雷尔斯山 14.9 km(9.3 mi)[16] 火山 塔尔西斯山群三座山之中最高者
埃律西昂山 12.6 km(7.8 mi)[16] 火山 埃律西昂平原最高的火山
阿尔西亚山 11.7 km(7.3 mi)[16] 火山 Summit caldera is 108至138 km(67至86 mi) across[16]
帕弗尼斯山 8.4 km(5.2 mi)[16] 火山 Summit caldera is 4.8 km(3.0 mi) deep[16]
安瑟里斯山英语Anseris Mons 6.2 km(3.9 mi)[19] 撞击坑 火星上最高的非火山,由希腊撞击形成
夏普山 4.5至5.5 km(2.8至3.4 mi)[20][d] 侵蚀作用[22] Formed from deposits in Gale crater; to be ascended by the MSL rover[23]
灶神星 雷亚希尔维亚中央峰 22 km(14 mi)[24][25] 撞击坑 太阳系最大撞击坑列表
木卫一 Boösaule Montes "South"[26] 17.5至18.2 km(10.9至11.3 mi)[27] 构造山 Has a 15 km(9 mi) high scarp on its SE margin[28]
爱奥尼亚山东脊 12.7 km(7.9 mi)[28][29] 构造山 Has the form of a curved double ridge
优卑亚山 10.3至13.4 km(6.4至8.3 mi)[30] 构造山 A NW flank landslide left a 25,000 km3 debris apron[31][e]
在(245° W, 30° S) 2.5 km(1.6 mi)[32][33] 火山 木卫一的最高火山之一,拥有非典型的圆锥形。[33][f]
土卫一 赫歇尔撞击坑中央峰 7 km(4 mi)[35] 撞击坑 太阳系最大撞击坑列表
土衛六 米斯林山脉 2.0 km(1.2 mi)[36] 构造山 May have formed due to global contraction[36]
末日山 1.45 km(0.90 mi)[37] 冰火山 索特拉光斑相邻
土卫八 赤道脊 20 km(12 mi)[38] [g] 各別的山峰高度仍待測量
天卫四 limb mountain 11 km(7 mi)[35] 撞击坑 旅行者2号飞掠,简单地测定为6公里[42]

相册

以下图片以高度降序排列:

参见

注释

  1. ^ Olympus Mons, however, is a much broader peak; its diameter exceeds that of Vesta itself.
  2. ^ On p. 20 of Helman (2005): "the base to peak rise of Mount McKinley is the largest of any mountain that lies entirely above sea level, some 18000 feet"
  3. ^ Peak is 8.8 km(5.5 mi) above sea level, and over 13 km(8.1 mi) above the oceanic abyssal plain.
  4. ^ About 5.25 km high from the perspective of the landing site of Curiosity.[21]
  5. ^ Among the Solar System's largest[31]
  6. ^ Some of Io's paterae are surrounded by radial patterns of lava flows, indicating they are on a topographic high point, making them shield volcanoes. Most of these volcanoes exhibit relief of less than 1 km. A few have more relief; Ruwa Patera rises 2.5 to 3 km over its 300 km width. However, its slopes are only on the order of a degree.[34] A handful of Io's smaller shield volcanoes have steeper, conical profiles; the example listed is 60 km across and has slopes averaging 4° and reaching 6-7° approaching the small summit depression.[34]
  7. ^ Hypotheses of origin include crustal readjustment associated with a decrease in oblateness due to tidal locking,[39][40] and deposition of deorbiting material from a former ring around the moon.[41]
  8. ^ A linearized wide-angle hazcam image that makes the mountain look steeper than it actually is.

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