第一海務大臣
英國第一海務大臣 兼皇家海軍參謀長 (1SL/CNS)[1] | |
---|---|
英國皇家海軍旗 | |
英國國防部 | |
直屬 | 英國國防參謀長 |
提名者 | 英國國防大臣 |
任命者 | 英國首相 |
首任 | 約翰·費舍爾元帥 |
网站 | 官方網站 |
第一海務大臣(英語:First Sea Lord),亦稱作第一海相,是英國皇家海軍及海軍本部的最高軍職,兼任海軍參謀長(英語:Chief of Naval Staff),職銜簡寫ISL/CNS。[2]
1827年前,皇家海軍最高級軍官為海軍元帥(英語:Admiral of the Fleet)。此稱謂後來成為軍階。
1809年以前,海軍軍官間中兼任海軍大臣。1809年以後,海軍大臣一職概由政治任命之文職人員擔任,而此職位長時間同時為內閣閣員。至於第一海務大臣,則為職業海軍軍官最高職位,受海軍大臣節制。
第一海務大臣一銜由1828年起給予海軍本部最高級軍官。
1964年英國海軍本部裁併入國防部後,第一海務大臣仍繼續保留。而原海軍大臣則遭取消。
現時第一海務大臣為参谋长委员会成員,與其他軍種輪任委员会主席(兼英國國防參謀長)一職。
历任第一海務大臣
此條目目前正依照First Sea Lord and Chief of the Naval Staff上的内容进行翻译。 (2020年8月30日) |
任次 | 肖像 | Name | 就职 | 离职 | 任职时间 | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Senior Naval Lords | ||||||
1 | Arthur Herbert (c.1648–1716) | Admiral8 March 1689 | 20 January 1690 | 318天 | [3] | |
2 | Sir John Chicheley (c.1640–1691) | 海军上将20 January 1690 | 5 June 1690 | 136天 | [3] | |
3 | Edward Russell (1653–1727) | Admiral5 June 1690 | 23 January 1691 | 232天 | [3] | |
4 | Henry Priestman (c.1647–1712) | Captain23 January 1691 | 2 May 1694 | 3岁99天 | [3] | |
(3) | Earl of Orford (1653–1727) | Admiral2 May 1694 | 31 May 1699 | 5岁29天 | [3] | |
5 | Sir George Rooke (1650–1709) | Admiral31 May 1699 | 26 January 1702 | 2岁240天 | [3] | |
6 | Sir John Leake (1656–1720) | Admiral8 November 1709 | 4 October 1710 | 330天 | [4] | |
7 | Sir George Byng (1663–1733) | Admiral4 October 1710 | 30 September 1712 | 1岁362天 | [4] | |
(6) | Sir John Leake (1656–1720) | Admiral30 September 1712 | 14 October 1714 | 2岁14天 | [4] | |
(7) | Sir George Byng (1663–1733) | Admiral14 October 1714 | 16 April 1717 | 2岁184天 | [4] | |
8 | Matthew Aylmer (c.1650–1720) | Admiral16 April 1717 | 19 March 1718 | 337天 | [4] | |
(7) | Sir George Byng (1663–1733) | Admiral19 March 1718 | 30 September 1721 | 3岁195天 | [4] | |
9 | Sir John Jennings (1664–1743) | Admiral30 September 1721 | 1 June 1727 | 5岁244天 | [4] | |
10 | Sir John Norris (c.1670–1749) | Admiral1 June 1727 | 13 May 1730 | 2岁346天 | [4] | |
11 | Sir Charles Wager (1666–1743) | Admiral13 May 1730 | 23 June 1733 | 3岁41天 | [4] | |
12 | Lord Archibald Hamilton (1673–1754) | Admiral23 June 1733 | 13 March 1738 | 4岁263天 | [4] | |
13 | Lord Harry Powlett (1691–1759) | Admiral13 March 1738 | 19 March 1742 | 4岁6天 | [4] | |
(12) | Lord Archibald Hamilton (1673–1754) | Admiral19 March 1742 | 25 March 1746 | 4岁6天 | [4] | |
14 | Lord Vere Beauclerk (1699–1781) | Admiral25 March 1746 | 18 November 1749 | 3岁238天 | [4] | |
15 | Lord Anson (1697–1762) | Admiral18 November 1749 | 22 June 1751 | 1岁216天 | [4] | |
16 | Sir William Rowley (c.1690–1768) | Admiral22 June 1751 | 17 November 1756 | 5岁148天 | [4] | |
17 | The Honourable Edward Boscawen (1711–1761) | Vice Admiral17 November 1756 | 6 April 1757 | 140天 | [4] | |
(16) | Sir William Rowley (c.1690–1768) | Admiral6 April 1757 | 2 July 1757 | 87天 | [4] | |
(17) | The Honourable Edward Boscawen (1711–1761) | Admiral2 July 1757 | 19 March 1761 | 3岁260天 | [4] | |
18 | The Honourable John Forbes (1714–1796) | Admiral19 March 1761 | 20 April 1763 | 2岁32天 | [4] | |
19 | Earl Howe (1726–1799) | Admiral20 April 1763 | 31 July 1765 | 2岁102天 | [4] | |
20 | Sir Charles Saunders (c.1715–1775) | Admiral31 July 1765 | 15 September 1766 | 1岁46天 | [4] | |
21 | The Honourable Augustus Keppel (1725–1786) | Rear Admiral15 September 1766 | 11 December 1766 | 87天 | [4] | |
22 | Sir Peircy Brett (1709–1781) | Rear Admiral11 December 1766 | 28 February 1770 | 3岁79天 | [4] | |
23 | Sir Francis Holburne (1704–1771) | Admiral28 February 1770 | 2 February 1771 | 339天 | [4] | |
First Naval Lords | ||||||
24 | Augustus Hervey (1724–1779) | Vice Admiral2 February 1771 | 12 April 1775 | 4岁69天 | [5] | |
25 | Sir Hugh Palliser (1723–1796) | Vice Admiral12 April 1775 | 23 September 1779 | 4岁164天 | [5] | |
26 | Robert Man | Vice Admiral23 September 1779 | 22 September 1780 | 365天 | [5] | |
27 | George Darby (c.1720–1790) | Vice Admiral22 September 1780 | 1 April 1782 | 1岁191天 | [5] | |
28 | Sir Robert Harland (c.1715–1784) | Admiral1 April 1782 | 30 January 1783 | 304天 | [5] | |
29 | Hugh Pigot (1722–1792) | Admiral30 January 1783 | 31 December 1783 | 335天 | [5] | |
30 | John Leveson-Gower (1740–1792) | Rear Admiral31 December 1783 | 12 August 1789 | 5岁224天 | [5] | |
31 | Lord Hood (1724–1816) | Vice Admiral12 August 1789 | 7 March 1795 | 5岁207天 | [5] | |
32 | Sir Charles Middleton (1726–1813) | Vice Admiral7 March 1795 | 20 November 1795 | 258天 | [5] | |
33 | James Gambier (1756–1833) | Rear Admiral20 November 1795 | 19 February 1801 | 5岁91天 | [5] | |
34 | Sir Thomas Troubridge (c. 1758–1807) | Rear Admiral19 February 1801 | 15 May 1804 | 3岁86天 | [5] | |
(33) | James Gambier (1756–1833) | Vice Admiral15 May 1804 | 10 February 1806 | 1岁271天 | [5] | |
35 | John Markham (1761–1827) | Rear Admiral10 February 1806 | 6 April 1807 | 1岁55天 | [5] | |
(33) | James Gambier (1756–1833) | Admiral6 April 1807 | 9 May 1808 | 1岁33天 | [5] | |
36 | Sir Richard Bickerton (1759–1832) | Vice Admiral9 May 1808 | 25 March 1812 | 3岁321天 | [5] | |
37 | William Domett (1752–1828) | Vice Admiral25 March 1812 | 23 October 1813 | 1岁212天 | [5] | |
38 | Sir Joseph Yorke (1768–1831) | Vice Admiral23 October 1813 | 24 May 1816 | 2岁214天 | [5] | |
39 | Sir Graham Moore (1764–1843) | Vice Admiral24 May 1816 | 13 March 1820 | 3岁294天 | [5] | |
40 | Sir William Johnstone Hope (1766–1831) | Vice Admiral13 March 1820 | 2 May 1827 | 7岁50天 | [5] | |
41 | Sir George Cockburn (1772–1853) | Vice Admiral19 September 1828 | 25 November 1830 | 2岁67天 | [6] | |
42 | Sir Thomas Hardy (1769–1839) | Rear Admiral25 November 1830 | 1 August 1834 | 3岁249天 | [6] | |
43 | The Hon. Sir George Dundas (1778–1834) | Rear Admiral1 August 1834 | 1 November 1834 | 92天 | [6] | |
44 | Sir Charles Adam (1780–1853) | Rear Admiral1 November 1834 | 23 December 1834 | 52天 | [6] | |
(41) | Sir George Cockburn (1772–1853) | Vice Admiral23 December 1834 | 25 April 1835 | 123天 | [6] | |
(44) | Sir Charles Adam (1780–1853) | Vice Admiral25 April 1835 | 8 September 1841 | 6岁197天 | [6] | |
(41) | Sir George Cockburn (1772–1853) | Admiral8 September 1841 | 13 July 1846 | 4岁308天 | [6] | |
45 | Sir William Parker (1781–1866) | Vice Admiral13 July 1846 | 24 July 1846 | 11天 | [6] | |
(44) | Sir Charles Adam (1780–1853) | Vice Admiral24 July 1846 | 20 July 1847 | 361天 | [6] | |
46 | Sir James Dundas (1785–1862) | Rear Admiral20 July 1847 | 13 February 1852 | 4岁208天 | [6] | |
47 | The Hon. Maurice Fitzhardinge Berkeley (1788–1867) | Rear Admiral13 February 1852 | 2 March 1852 | 18天 | [6] | |
48 | Hyde Parker (1784–1854) | Vice Admiral2 March 1852 | 26 May 1854 | 2岁85天 | [6] | |
(47) | The Hon. Maurice Fitzhardinge Berkeley (1788–1867) | Vice Admiral26 May 1854 | 24 November 1857 | 2岁182天 | [6] | |
48 | The Hon. Sir Richard Saunders Dundas (1802–1861) | Vice Admiral24 November 1857 | 8 March 1858 | 104天 | [6] | |
49 | Sir William Martin (1801–1895) | Vice Admiral8 March 1858 | 28 June 1859 | 1岁112天 | [6] | |
(48) | The Hon. Sir Richard Saunders Dundas (1802–1861) | Vice Admiral28 June 1859 | 15 June 1861 | 1岁352天 | [6] | |
50 | The Hon. Sir Frederick Grey (1805–1878) | Admiral15 June 1861 | 13 July 1866 | 5岁28天 | [6] | |
51 | Sir Alexander Milne (1806–1896) | Vice Admiral13 July 1866 | 18 December 1868 | 2岁158天 | [6] | |
52 | Sir Sydney Dacres (1804–1884) | Admiral18 December 1868 | 27 November 1872 | 3岁345天 | [6] | |
(51) | Sir Alexander Milne (1806–1896) | Admiral27 November 1872 | 7 September 1876 | 3岁285天 | [7] | |
53 | Sir Hastings Yelverton (1808–1878) | Admiral7 September 1876 | 5 November 1877 | 1岁59天 | [7] | |
54 | Sir George Wellesley (1814–1901) | Admiral5 November 1877 | 12 August 1879 | 1岁280天 | [7] | |
55 | Sir Astley Cooper Key (1821–1888) | Admiral12 August 1879 | 1 July 1885 | 5岁323天 | [7] | |
56 | Sir Arthur Hood (1824–1901) | Admiral1 July 1885 | 15 February 1886 | 229天 | [7] | |
57 | Lord John Hay (1827–1916) | Admiral15 February 1886 | 9 August 1886 | 175天 | [7] | |
(56) | Sir Arthur Hood (1824–1901) | Admiral9 August 1886 | 24 October 1889 | 3岁76天 | [7] | |
58 | Sir Richard Hamilton (1829–1912) | Admiral24 October 1889 | 28 September 1891 | 1岁339天 | [7] | |
59 | Sir Anthony Hoskins (1828–1901) | Admiral28 September 1891 | 1 November 1893 | 2岁34天 | [7] | |
60 | Sir Frederick Richards (1833–1912) | Admiral of the Fleet1 November 1893 | 19 August 1899 | 5岁291天 | [7] | |
61 | Lord Walter Kerr (1839–1927) | Admiral of the Fleet19 August 1899 | 21 October 1904 | 5岁63天 | [8] | |
First Sea Lords | ||||||
62 | Admiral of the Fleet Sir John Fisher (1841–1920) | 21 October 1904 | 25 January 1910 | 5岁96天 | [9] | |
63 | Sir Arthur Wilson (1842–1921) | Admiral of the Fleet25 January 1910 | 5 December 1911 | 1岁314天 | [10] | |
64 | Admiral Sir Francis Bridgeman (1848–1929) | 5 December 1911 | 9 December 1912 | 1岁4天 | [11] | |
65 | Prince Louis of Battenberg (1854–1921) | Admiral9 December 1912 | 30 October 1914 | 1岁325天 | [12] | |
(62) | The Lord Fisher (1841–1920) | Admiral of the Fleet30 October 1914 | 15 May 1915 | 197天 | [13] | |
66 | Sir Henry Jackson (1855–1929) | Admiral15 May 1915 | 30 November 1916 | 1岁199天 | [14] | |
67 | Sir John Jellicoe (1859–1935) | Admiral of the Fleet30 November 1916 | 10 January 1918 | 1岁41天 | [15] | |
68 | Sir Rosslyn Wemyss (1864–1933) | Admiral of the Fleet10 January 1918 | 1 November 1919 | 1岁295天 | [16] | |
69 | The Earl Beatty (1871–1936) | Admiral of the Fleet1 November 1919 | 30 July 1927 | 7岁271天 | [17] | |
70 | Sir Charles Madden (1862–1935) | Admiral of the Fleet30 July 1927 | 30 July 1930 | 3岁0天 | [18] | |
71 | Sir Frederick Field (1871–1945) | Admiral of the Fleet30 July 1930 | 21 January 1933 | 2岁175天 | [19] | |
72 | The Lord Chatfield (1873–1967) | Admiral of the Fleet21 January 1933 | 7 September 1938 | 5岁229天 | [20] | |
73 | Sir Roger Backhouse (1878–1939) | Admiral of the Fleet7 September 1938 | 12 June 1939 | 278天 | [21] | |
74 | Sir Dudley Pound (1877–1943) | Admiral of the Fleet12 June 1939 | 15 October 1943 | 4岁125天 | [22] | |
75 | The Viscount Cunningham of Hyndhope (1883–1963) | Admiral of the Fleet15 October 1943 | 24 May 1946 | 2岁221天 | [23] | |
76 | Sir John Cunningham (1885–1962) | Admiral of the Fleet24 May 1946 | 29 September 1948 | 2岁128天 | [24] | |
77 | The Lord Fraser of North Cape (1888–1981) | Admiral of the Fleet29 September 1948 | 20 December 1951 | 3岁82天 | [25] | |
78 | Sir Rhoderick McGrigor (1893–1959) | Admiral of the Fleet20 December 1951 | 18 April 1955 | 3岁119天 | [26] | |
79 | 第一代緬甸的蒙巴頓伯爵路易·蒙巴頓 (1900–1979) | Admiral of the Fleet18 April 1955 | 19 October 1959 | 4岁184天 | [27] | |
80 | Sir Charles Lambe (1900–1960) | Admiral19 October 1959 | 23 May 1960 | 217天 | [28] | |
81 | Sir Caspar John (1903–1984) | Admiral of the Fleet23 May 1960 | 7 August 1963 | 3岁76天 | [29] | |
82 | Sir David Luce (1906–1971) | Admiral7 August 1963 | 15 March 1966 | 2岁220天 | [30] | |
83 | Sir Varyl Begg (1908–1995) | Admiral15 March 1966 | 12 August 1968 | 2岁150天 | [31] | |
84 | Sir Michael Le Fanu (1913–1970) | Admiral12 August 1968 | 3 July 1970 | 1岁325天 | [32] | |
85 | Sir Peter Hill-Norton (1915–2004) | Admiral3 July 1970 | 9 April 1971 | 280天 | [33] | |
86 | Sir Michael Pollock (1916–2006) | Admiral9 April 1971 | 1 March 1974 | 2岁326天 | [34] | |
87 | Sir Edward Ashmore (1919–2016) | Admiral1 March 1974 | 9 February 1977 | 2岁345天 | [35] | |
88 | Sir Terence Lewin (1920–1999) | Admiral of the Fleet1 March 1977 | 6 July 1979 | 2岁127天 | [36] | |
89 | Sir Henry Leach (1923–2011) | Admiral6 July 1979 | 1 December 1982 | 3岁148天 | [37] | |
90 | Sir John Fieldhouse (1928–1992) | Admiral1 December 1982 | 2 August 1985 | 2岁244天 | [38] | |
91 | Sir William Staveley (1928–1997) | Admiral2 August 1985 | 25 May 1989 | 3岁296天 | [39] | |
92 | Sir Julian Oswald (1933–2011) | Admiral25 May 1989 | 2 March 1993 | 3岁281天 | [40] | |
93 | Sir Benjamin Bathurst (1936年出生) | Admiral2 March 1993 | 10 July 1995 | 2岁130天 | [41] | |
94 | Sir Jock Slater (1938年出生) | Admiral10 July 1995 | 8 October 1998 | 3岁90天 | [42] | |
95 | Sir Michael Boyce (1943年出生) | Admiral8 October 1998 | 16 January 2001 | 2岁100天 | [42] | |
96 | Sir Nigel Essenhigh (1944年出生) | Admiral16 January 2001 | 17 September 2002 | 1岁244天 | [43] | |
97 | Sir Alan West (1948年出生) | Admiral17 September 2002 | 6 February 2006 | 3岁142天 | [42] | |
98 | Sir Jonathon Band (1950年出生) | Admiral6 February 2006 | 21 July 2009 | 3岁165天 | [42] | |
99 | Sir Mark Stanhope (1952年出生) | Admiral21 July 2009 | 9 April 2013 | 3岁262天 | [42] | |
100 | Sir George Zambellas (1958年出生) | Admiral9 April 2013 | 8 April 2016 | 2岁365天 | [44] | |
101 | Sir Philip Jones (1960年出生) | Admiral8 April 2016 | 19 June 2019 | 3岁72天 | [45] | |
102 | Tony Radakin (1965年出生) | Admiral19 June 2019 | 现任 | 4岁354天 | [46][47] |
- ^ Archives, The National. Admiralty: Office of the First Sea Lord, later First Sea Lord and Chief of the Naval Staff: Correspondence and Papers. discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk. The National Archives. UK. [2017-02-06]. (原始内容存档于2017-02-06).
- ^ 注意「第一海務大臣」與「海軍大臣 」(英語:First Lord of the Admiralty, 簡作First Lord,亦譯作「第一海軍大臣」)為兩個不同職位。在近現代,後者是政務官,而前者是軍官職位,雖然中文習慣譯作“大臣”,但實際性質是武將而不是文官。
- ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Rodger 1979,第34頁.
- ^ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 4.16 4.17 4.18 4.19 4.20 4.21 4.22 4.23 Rodger, p. 51-52
- ^ 5.00 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 5.05 5.06 5.07 5.08 5.09 5.10 5.11 5.12 5.13 5.14 5.15 5.16 5.17 5.18 Rodger 1979,第69頁.
- ^ 6.00 6.01 6.02 6.03 6.04 6.05 6.06 6.07 6.08 6.09 6.10 6.11 6.12 6.13 6.14 6.15 6.16 6.17 6.18 Sainty 1975,第18–31頁.
- ^ 7.00 7.01 7.02 7.03 7.04 7.05 7.06 7.07 7.08 7.09 The Commissioners ("Lords") of the Admiralty 1828 – 1895. W Loney RN. [25 January 2014]. (原始内容存档于2020-04-20).
- ^ Heathcote 2002,第144頁.
- ^ Mackay 1973,第315頁.
- ^ Heathcote 2002,第268頁.
- ^ Admiral Sir Francis Bridgeman. 《牛津国家人物传记大辞典》 線上版. 牛津大學出版社. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/32062. 需要订阅或英国公共图书馆会员资格
- ^ Kerr 1934,第238頁.
- ^ Heathcote 2002,第83頁.
- ^ Heathcote 2002,第127頁.
- ^ Heathcote 2002,第130頁.
- ^ Heathcote 2002,第252頁.
- ^ Heathcote 2002,第26頁.
- ^ Heathcote 2002,第164頁.
- ^ Heathcote 2002,第75頁.
- ^ Heathcote 2002,第42頁.
- ^ Heathcote 2002,第21頁.
- ^ Heathcote 2002,第217頁.
- ^ Heathcote 2002,第60頁.
- ^ Heathcote 2002,第63頁.
- ^ Heathcote 2002,第90頁.
- ^ Heathcote 2002,第162頁.
- ^ Heathcote 2002,第189頁.
- ^ Heathcote 2002,第150頁.
- ^ Heathcote 2002,第139頁.
- ^ Sir David Luce. Unit Histories. [25 January 2014]. (原始内容存档于2017-09-12).
- ^ Heathcote 2002,第29頁.
- ^ Heathcote 2002,第155頁.
- ^ Heathcote 2002,第115頁.
- ^ Heathcote 2002,第214頁.
- ^ Heathcote 2002,第16頁.
- ^ Heathcote 2002,第158頁.
- ^ Heathcote 2002,第152頁.
- ^ Heathcote 2002,第78頁.
- ^ Heathcote 2002,第235頁.
- ^ Heathcote 2002,第204頁.
- ^ Heathcote 2002,第23頁.
- ^ 42.0 42.1 42.2 42.3 42.4 Who's Who 2010, A & C Black, 2010, ISBN 978-1-408-11414-8
- ^ Sir Nigel Essenhigh. University of Exeter. [25 January 2014]. (原始内容存档于3 February 2014).
- ^ Admiral Zambellas new First Sea Lord. Inside Government. 9 April 2013 [25 January 2014]. (原始内容存档于2019-12-23).
- ^ Admiral Sir Philip Jones takes over as First Sea Lord. Royal Navy. 8 April 2016 [8 April 2016]. (原始内容存档于2020-05-03).
- ^ 引用错误:没有为名为
Radakin
的参考文献提供内容 - ^ A 'generation of innovators' has been appointed to run the military in a shake-up of the top ranks of the Army, Navy and RAF. The Daily Telegraph. 3 December 2018 [3 December 2018]. (原始内容存档于2019-12-20) (英语).