湖泊面积列表
外观
![本页使用了标题或全文手工转换](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/35px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png)
本表按面积大小列出了世界上所有湖泊面积超过湖泊,[1][2][3][4][5] 不包括水库和潟湖。需要注意的是,各个湖泊的面积在不同资料可能会有较大出入,本表中的数据仅供参考。
4,000平方千米(1,500平方英里)的![]() |
各洲颜色代表 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
非洲 | 亚洲 | 欧洲 | 北美洲 | 南美洲 | 南极洲 |
名称 | 沿岸国家 | 面积 | 长度 | 最大深度 | 蓄水量 | 缩略图(所有湖泊同等比例) ![]() |
备注 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 里海* | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
371,000 km2(143,000 sq mi) | 1,199 km(745 mi) | 1,025米(3,363英尺) | 78,200 km3(18,800 cu mi) | ![]() |
有时被看做是海洋[6][7] |
2[n 1] | 苏必利尔湖 | ![]() ![]() |
[8] | 82,414 km2(31,820 sq mi)[8] | 616 km(383 mi)[8] | 406米(1,332英尺)[8] | 12,100 km3(2,900 cu mi)![]() |
[n 1] |
3 | 维多利亚湖 | ![]() ![]() ![]() |
69,485 km2(26,828 sq mi) | 322 km(200 mi) | 84米(276英尺) | 2,750 km3(660 cu mi) | ![]() |
非洲最大湖泊 |
4 | 休伦湖[n 1] | ![]() ![]() |
[8] | 59,600 km2(23,000 sq mi)[8] | 332 km(206 mi)[8] | 229米(751英尺)[8] | 3,540 km3(850 cu mi)![]() |
|
5 | 密歇根湖[n 1] | ![]() |
[8] | 58,000 km2(22,000 sq mi)[8] | 494 km(307 mi)[8] | 281米(922英尺)[8] | 4,900 km3(1,200 cu mi)![]() |
|
6 | 坦噶尼喀湖 | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
32,893 km2(12,700 sq mi) | 676 km(420 mi) | 1,470米(4,820英尺) | 18,900 km3(4,500 cu mi) | ![]() |
世界上第二深水湖泊,也是世界上最长的湖泊 |
7 | 贝加尔湖 | ![]() |
31,500 km2(12,200 sq mi) | 636 km(395 mi) | 1,637米(5,371英尺) | 23,600 km3(5,700 cu mi) | ![]() |
世界上最深和蓄水量最大的湖泊 |
8 | 大熊湖 | ![]() |
31,080 km2(12,000 sq mi) | 373 km(232 mi) | 446米(1,463英尺) | 2,236 km3(536 cu mi) | ![]() |
加拿大最大湖泊 |
9 | 马拉维湖 | ![]() ![]() ![]() |
30,044 km2(11,600 sq mi) | 579 km(360 mi) | 706米(2,316英尺) | 8,400 km3(2,000 cu mi) | ![]() |
非洲第二深水湖泊,世界上拥有最多种类鱼的湖泊 |
10 | 大奴湖 | ![]() |
28,930 km2(11,170 sq mi) | 480 km(300 mi) | 614米(2,014英尺) | 2,090 km3(500 cu mi) | ![]() |
北美洲最深的湖泊 |
11 | 伊利湖 | ![]() ![]() |
[8] | 25,719 km2(9,930 sq mi)[8] | 388 km(241 mi)[8] | 64米(210英尺)[8] | 489 km3(117 cu mi)![]() |
|
12 | 温尼伯湖 | ![]() |
23,553 km2(9,094 sq mi) | 425 km(264 mi) | 36米(118英尺) | 283 km3(68 cu mi) | ![]() |
|
13 | 安大略湖 | ![]() ![]() |
[8] | 19,477 km2(7,520 sq mi)[8] | 311 km(193 mi)[8] | 244米(801英尺)[8] | 1,639 km3(393 cu mi)![]() |
|
14 | 巴尔喀什湖*[查证请求] | ![]() |
18,428 km2(7,115 sq mi) | 605 km(376 mi) | 26米(85英尺) | 106 km3(25 cu mi) | ![]() |
中亚最大湖泊 |
15 | 拉多加湖 | ![]() |
18,130 km2(7,000 sq mi) | 219 km(136 mi) | 230米(750英尺) | 908 km3(218 cu mi) | ![]() |
欧洲最大湖泊 |
16 | 沃斯托克湖 | 南极洲 | 15,690 km2(6,060 sq mi) | 250 km(160 mi) | 900—1,000米(3,000—3,300英尺) | ![]() |
世界上最大的冰下湖 | |
17 | 奥涅加湖 | ![]() |
9,891 km2(3,819 sq mi) | 248 km(154 mi) | 120米(390英尺) | 280 km3(67 cu mi) | ![]() |
欧洲第二大湖 |
18 | 的的喀喀湖 | ![]() ![]() |
8,135 km2(3,141 sq mi) | 177 km(110 mi) | 281米(922英尺) | 893 km3(214 cu mi) | ![]() |
|
19 | 尼加拉瓜湖 | ![]() |
8,001 km2(3,089 sq mi) | 177 km(110 mi) | 26米(85英尺) | 108 km3(26 cu mi) | ![]() |
中美洲最大湖泊 |
20 | 阿萨巴斯卡湖 | ![]() |
7,920 km2(3,060 sq mi) | 335 km(208 mi) | 243米(797英尺) | 204 km3(49 cu mi) | ![]() |
|
21 | 泰梅尔湖 | ![]() |
6,990 km2(2,700 sq mi) | 250 km(160 mi) | 26米(85英尺) | 12.8 km3(3.1 cu mi) | ![]() |
北极圈以北最大湖泊 |
22 | 图尔卡纳湖* | ![]() ![]() |
6,405 km2(2,473 sq mi) | 248 km(154 mi) | 109米(358英尺) | 204 km3(49 cu mi) | ![]() |
世界最大的碱性湖泊 |
23 | 赖恩迪尔湖 | ![]() |
6,330 km2(2,440 sq mi) | 245 km(152 mi) | 337米(1,106英尺) | ![]() |
||
24 | 伊塞克湖* | ![]() |
6,200 km2(2,400 sq mi) | 182 km(113 mi) | 668米(2,192英尺) | 1,738 km3(417 cu mi) | ![]() |
|
25 | 乌鲁米耶湖* | ![]() |
6,001 km2(2,317 sq mi) | 130 km(81 mi) | 16米(52英尺) | ![]() |
中东最大湖泊 | |
26 | 维纳恩湖 | ![]() |
5,545 km2(2,141 sq mi) | 140 km(87 mi) | 106米(348英尺) | 153 km3(37 cu mi) | ![]() |
|
27 | 温尼伯戈西斯湖 | ![]() |
5,403 km2(2,086 sq mi) | 245 km(152 mi) | 18米(59英尺) | ![]() |
||
28 | 艾伯特湖 | ![]() ![]() |
5,299 km2(2,046 sq mi) | 161 km(100 mi) | 58米(190英尺) | 280 km3(67 cu mi) | ![]() |
|
29 | 姆韦鲁湖 | ![]() ![]() |
5,120 km2(1,980 sq mi) | 131 km(81 mi) | 27米(89英尺) | 38 km3(9.1 cu mi) | ![]() |
|
30 | 纳蒂灵湖 | ![]() |
5,066 km2(1,956 sq mi) | 113 km(70 mi) | 132米(433英尺) | ![]() |
世界上最大的岛湖 | |
31 | 尼皮贡湖 | ![]() |
4,843 km2(1,870 sq mi) | 116 km(72 mi) | 165米(541英尺) | ![]() |
||
32 | 马尼托巴湖 | ![]() |
4,706 km2(1,817 sq mi) | 225 km(140 mi) | 7米(23英尺) | ![]() |
||
33 | 大盐湖* | ![]() |
4,662 km2(1,800 sq mi) | 121 km(75 mi) | 10米(33英尺) | ![]() |
||
34 | 青海湖* | ![]() |
4,435.69 km2(1,712.63 sq mi) (2007) | 104 km(64.6 mi) | 32.8米(107.6英尺) | ![]() |
东亚最大湖泊 | |
35 | 塞马湖 | ![]() |
≈ 4,400 km2(1,700 sq mi) | 82米(269英尺) | 36 km3(8.6 cu mi) | ![]() |
||
36 | 伍兹湖 | ![]() ![]() |
4,350 km2(1,680 sq mi) | 110 km(68 mi) | 64米(210英尺) | ![]() |
||
37 | 兴凯湖 | ![]() ![]() |
4,190 km2(1,620 sq mi) | 10.6米(35英尺) | ![]() |
* 标注为咸水湖
参见
[编辑]注释
[编辑]- 注释
- 参考资料
- ^ Likens, Gene E. (编). Historical Estimates of Limnicity. Encyclopedia of inland waters 1st. Amsterdam: Elsevier. 2009. ISBN 0120884623. Table 1: The world's lakes >2000 km2 in area, arranged in decreasing order of lake area. See also Lakes (Formation, Diversity, Distribution) 互联网档案馆的存档,存档日期2014-02-22.
- ^ Marsh, William M.; Martin M. Kaufman. Physical geography : great systems and global environments. Table 16.2: Great lakes of the world by lake type. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2013: 399. ISBN 0521764289.
- ^ van der Leeden, Frits; Troise, Fred L.; Todd, David Keith (编). The water encyclopedia 2nd. Chelsea, Mich.: Lewis. 1991: 198–200. ISBN 9780873711203.
- ^ Large Lakes of the World. FactMonster. Pearson Education. [14 September 2012]. (原始内容存档于2013-01-27).
- ^ Matt Rosenberg. Largest lakes in the world. About.com. The New York Times Company. [14 September 2012]. (原始内容存档于2013-02-15).
- ^ DuMont, H.J. The Caspian Lake: History, biota, structure, and function (PDF). American Society of Limnology and Oceanography. [2010-11-29]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2014-10-20).
- ^ Jan Golonka (2000) "Geodynamic Evolution of the South Caspian Basin". In Yilmaz, Isaksen, & AAP, eds., Oil and Gas of the Greater Caspian Area.
- ^ 8.00 8.01 8.02 8.03 8.04 8.05 8.06 8.07 8.08 8.09 8.10 8.11 8.12 8.13 8.14 8.15 8.16 8.17 8.18 8.19 http://www.epa.gov/glnpo/atlas/gl-fact1.html (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) Great Lakes Factsheet No. 1 US Environmental Protection Agency website retrieved September 9, 2012
- ^ David Lees in Canadian Geographic writes, "Contrary to popular belief, the largest lake in the world is not Lake Superior but mighty Lake Michigan–Huron, which is a single hydrological unit linked at the Straits of Mackinac."Lees, David. "High and Dry" Canadian Geographic (May/June 2004) pp.94-108.
- ^ "Lakes Michigan and Huron are considered to be one lake hydraulically because of their connection through the deep Straits of Mackinac." Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, part of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. "Great Lakes Sensitivity to Climatic Forcing: Hydrological Models 互联网档案馆的存档,存档日期2010-08-08.." NOAA, 2006.
- ^ "Lakes Michigan and Huron are considered to be one lake, as they rise and fall together due to their union at the Straits of Mackinac." U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, "Hydrological Components" Record Low Water Levels Expected on Lake Superior 互联网档案馆的存档,存档日期2008-10-15.. August 2007. p.6
- ^ Great Lakes Map. Michigan Department of Environmental Quality. [20 September 2012]. (原始内容存档于2015-05-04).
- ^ Largest Lake in the World. geology.com. [28 September 2012]. (原始内容存档于2015-06-10).
延伸阅读
[编辑]- Largest lakes of the former USSR, Water Quality Assessment of the Former Soviet Union (1998) ISBN 0419239200
- North America: Physical features, The New York Times Guide to Essential Knowledge (2011) ISBN 0312643020