湖泊面積列表
外觀
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本表按面積大小列出了世界上所有湖泊面積超過湖泊,[1][2][3][4][5] 不包括水庫和潟湖。需要注意的是,各個湖泊的面積在不同資料可能會有較大出入,本表中的數據僅供參考。
4,000平方公里(1,500平方英里)的![]() |
各洲顏色代表 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
非洲 | 亞洲 | 歐洲 | 北美洲 | 南美洲 | 南極洲 |
名稱 | 沿岸國家 | 面積 | 長度 | 最大深度 | 蓄水量 | 縮略圖(所有湖泊同等比例) ![]() |
備註 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 裏海* | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
371,000 km2(143,000 sq mi) | 1,199 km(745 mi) | 1,025米(3,363英尺) | 78,200 km3(18,800 cu mi) | ![]() |
有時被看做是海洋[6][7] |
2[n 1] | 蘇必略湖 | ![]() ![]() |
[8] | 82,414 km2(31,820 sq mi)[8] | 616 km(383 mi)[8] | 406米(1,332英尺)[8] | 12,100 km3(2,900 cu mi)![]() |
[n 1] |
3 | 維多利亞湖 | ![]() ![]() ![]() |
69,485 km2(26,828 sq mi) | 322 km(200 mi) | 84米(276英尺) | 2,750 km3(660 cu mi) | ![]() |
非洲最大湖泊 |
4 | 休倫湖[n 1] | ![]() ![]() |
[8] | 59,600 km2(23,000 sq mi)[8] | 332 km(206 mi)[8] | 229米(751英尺)[8] | 3,540 km3(850 cu mi)![]() |
|
5 | 密西根湖[n 1] | ![]() |
[8] | 58,000 km2(22,000 sq mi)[8] | 494 km(307 mi)[8] | 281米(922英尺)[8] | 4,900 km3(1,200 cu mi)![]() |
|
6 | 坦加尼喀湖 | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
32,893 km2(12,700 sq mi) | 676 km(420 mi) | 1,470米(4,820英尺) | 18,900 km3(4,500 cu mi) | ![]() |
世界上第二深水湖泊,也是世界上最長的湖泊 |
7 | 貝加爾湖 | ![]() |
31,500 km2(12,200 sq mi) | 636 km(395 mi) | 1,637米(5,371英尺) | 23,600 km3(5,700 cu mi) | ![]() |
世界上最深和蓄水量最大的湖泊 |
8 | 大熊湖 | ![]() |
31,080 km2(12,000 sq mi) | 373 km(232 mi) | 446米(1,463英尺) | 2,236 km3(536 cu mi) | ![]() |
加拿大最大湖泊 |
9 | 馬拉威湖 | ![]() ![]() ![]() |
30,044 km2(11,600 sq mi) | 579 km(360 mi) | 706米(2,316英尺) | 8,400 km3(2,000 cu mi) | ![]() |
非洲第二深水湖泊,世界上擁有最多種類魚的湖泊 |
10 | 大奴湖 | ![]() |
28,930 km2(11,170 sq mi) | 480 km(300 mi) | 614米(2,014英尺) | 2,090 km3(500 cu mi) | ![]() |
北美洲最深的湖泊 |
11 | 伊利湖 | ![]() ![]() |
[8] | 25,719 km2(9,930 sq mi)[8] | 388 km(241 mi)[8] | 64米(210英尺)[8] | 489 km3(117 cu mi)![]() |
|
12 | 溫尼辟湖 | ![]() |
23,553 km2(9,094 sq mi) | 425 km(264 mi) | 36米(118英尺) | 283 km3(68 cu mi) | ![]() |
|
13 | 安大略湖 | ![]() ![]() |
[8] | 19,477 km2(7,520 sq mi)[8] | 311 km(193 mi)[8] | 244米(801英尺)[8] | 1,639 km3(393 cu mi)![]() |
|
14 | 巴爾喀什湖*[查證請求] | ![]() |
18,428 km2(7,115 sq mi) | 605 km(376 mi) | 26米(85英尺) | 106 km3(25 cu mi) | ![]() |
中亞最大湖泊 |
15 | 拉多加湖 | ![]() |
18,130 km2(7,000 sq mi) | 219 km(136 mi) | 230米(750英尺) | 908 km3(218 cu mi) | ![]() |
歐洲最大湖泊 |
16 | 沃斯托克湖 | 南極洲 | 15,690 km2(6,060 sq mi) | 250 km(160 mi) | 900—1,000米(3,000—3,300英尺) | ![]() |
世界上最大的冰下湖 | |
17 | 奧涅加湖 | ![]() |
9,891 km2(3,819 sq mi) | 248 km(154 mi) | 120米(390英尺) | 280 km3(67 cu mi) | ![]() |
歐洲第二大湖 |
18 | 的的喀喀湖 | ![]() ![]() |
8,135 km2(3,141 sq mi) | 177 km(110 mi) | 281米(922英尺) | 893 km3(214 cu mi) | ![]() |
|
19 | 尼加拉瓜湖 | ![]() |
8,001 km2(3,089 sq mi) | 177 km(110 mi) | 26米(85英尺) | 108 km3(26 cu mi) | ![]() |
中美洲最大湖泊 |
20 | 阿薩巴斯卡湖 | ![]() |
7,920 km2(3,060 sq mi) | 335 km(208 mi) | 243米(797英尺) | 204 km3(49 cu mi) | ![]() |
|
21 | 泰梅爾湖 | ![]() |
6,990 km2(2,700 sq mi) | 250 km(160 mi) | 26米(85英尺) | 12.8 km3(3.1 cu mi) | ![]() |
北極圈以北最大湖泊 |
22 | 圖爾卡納湖* | ![]() ![]() |
6,405 km2(2,473 sq mi) | 248 km(154 mi) | 109米(358英尺) | 204 km3(49 cu mi) | ![]() |
世界最大的鹼性湖泊 |
23 | 賴恩迪爾湖 | ![]() |
6,330 km2(2,440 sq mi) | 245 km(152 mi) | 337米(1,106英尺) | ![]() |
||
24 | 伊塞克湖* | ![]() |
6,200 km2(2,400 sq mi) | 182 km(113 mi) | 668米(2,192英尺) | 1,738 km3(417 cu mi) | ![]() |
|
25 | 烏魯米耶湖* | ![]() |
6,001 km2(2,317 sq mi) | 130 km(81 mi) | 16米(52英尺) | ![]() |
中東最大湖泊 | |
26 | 維納恩湖 | ![]() |
5,545 km2(2,141 sq mi) | 140 km(87 mi) | 106米(348英尺) | 153 km3(37 cu mi) | ![]() |
|
27 | 溫尼辟戈西斯湖 | ![]() |
5,403 km2(2,086 sq mi) | 245 km(152 mi) | 18米(59英尺) | ![]() |
||
28 | 艾伯特湖 | ![]() ![]() |
5,299 km2(2,046 sq mi) | 161 km(100 mi) | 58米(190英尺) | 280 km3(67 cu mi) | ![]() |
|
29 | 姆韋魯湖 | ![]() ![]() |
5,120 km2(1,980 sq mi) | 131 km(81 mi) | 27米(89英尺) | 38 km3(9.1 cu mi) | ![]() |
|
30 | 納蒂靈湖 | ![]() |
5,066 km2(1,956 sq mi) | 113 km(70 mi) | 132米(433英尺) | ![]() |
世界上最大的島湖 | |
31 | 尼皮貢湖 | ![]() |
4,843 km2(1,870 sq mi) | 116 km(72 mi) | 165米(541英尺) | ![]() |
||
32 | 曼尼托巴湖 | ![]() |
4,706 km2(1,817 sq mi) | 225 km(140 mi) | 7米(23英尺) | ![]() |
||
33 | 大鹽湖* | ![]() |
4,662 km2(1,800 sq mi) | 121 km(75 mi) | 10米(33英尺) | ![]() |
||
34 | 青海湖* | ![]() |
4,435.69 km2(1,712.63 sq mi) (2007) | 104 km(64.6 mi) | 32.8米(107.6英尺) | ![]() |
東亞最大湖泊 | |
35 | 塞馬湖 | ![]() |
≈ 4,400 km2(1,700 sq mi) | 82米(269英尺) | 36 km3(8.6 cu mi) | ![]() |
||
36 | 伍兹湖 | ![]() ![]() |
4,350 km2(1,680 sq mi) | 110 km(68 mi) | 64米(210英尺) | ![]() |
||
37 | 興凱湖 | ![]() ![]() |
4,190 km2(1,620 sq mi) | 10.6米(35英尺) | ![]() |
* 標註為鹹水湖
參見
[編輯]注釋
[編輯]- 注釋
- 參考資料
- ^ Likens, Gene E. (編). Historical Estimates of Limnicity. Encyclopedia of inland waters 1st. Amsterdam: Elsevier. 2009. ISBN 0120884623. Table 1: The world's lakes >2000 km2 in area, arranged in decreasing order of lake area. See also Lakes (Formation, Diversity, Distribution) 網際網路檔案館的存檔,存檔日期2014-02-22.
- ^ Marsh, William M.; Martin M. Kaufman. Physical geography : great systems and global environments. Table 16.2: Great lakes of the world by lake type. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2013: 399. ISBN 0521764289.
- ^ van der Leeden, Frits; Troise, Fred L.; Todd, David Keith (編). The water encyclopedia 2nd. Chelsea, Mich.: Lewis. 1991: 198–200. ISBN 9780873711203.
- ^ Large Lakes of the World. FactMonster. Pearson Education. [14 September 2012]. (原始內容存檔於2013-01-27).
- ^ Matt Rosenberg. Largest lakes in the world. About.com. The New York Times Company. [14 September 2012]. (原始內容存檔於2013-02-15).
- ^ DuMont, H.J. The Caspian Lake: History, biota, structure, and function (PDF). American Society of Limnology and Oceanography. [2010-11-29]. (原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2014-10-20).
- ^ Jan Golonka (2000) "Geodynamic Evolution of the South Caspian Basin". In Yilmaz, Isaksen, & AAP, eds., Oil and Gas of the Greater Caspian Area.
- ^ 8.00 8.01 8.02 8.03 8.04 8.05 8.06 8.07 8.08 8.09 8.10 8.11 8.12 8.13 8.14 8.15 8.16 8.17 8.18 8.19 http://www.epa.gov/glnpo/atlas/gl-fact1.html (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館) Great Lakes Factsheet No. 1 US Environmental Protection Agency website retrieved September 9, 2012
- ^ David Lees in Canadian Geographic writes, "Contrary to popular belief, the largest lake in the world is not Lake Superior but mighty Lake Michigan–Huron, which is a single hydrological unit linked at the Straits of Mackinac."Lees, David. "High and Dry" Canadian Geographic (May/June 2004) pp.94-108.
- ^ "Lakes Michigan and Huron are considered to be one lake hydraulically because of their connection through the deep Straits of Mackinac." Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, part of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. "Great Lakes Sensitivity to Climatic Forcing: Hydrological Models 網際網路檔案館的存檔,存檔日期2010-08-08.." NOAA, 2006.
- ^ "Lakes Michigan and Huron are considered to be one lake, as they rise and fall together due to their union at the Straits of Mackinac." U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, "Hydrological Components" Record Low Water Levels Expected on Lake Superior 網際網路檔案館的存檔,存檔日期2008-10-15.. August 2007. p.6
- ^ Great Lakes Map. Michigan Department of Environmental Quality. [20 September 2012]. (原始內容存檔於2015-05-04).
- ^ Largest Lake in the World. geology.com. [28 September 2012]. (原始內容存檔於2015-06-10).
延伸閱讀
[編輯]- Largest lakes of the former USSR, Water Quality Assessment of the Former Soviet Union (1998) ISBN 0419239200
- North America: Physical features, The New York Times Guide to Essential Knowledge (2011) ISBN 0312643020