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物种库

维基百科,自由的百科全书

物种库(英语:species pool)是一个生态学生物地理学概念,指所有可能在特定栖息地定殖和栖息的物种[1][2]该概念强调“本地群落不是封闭系统,而占据任何局部区域的物种通常都来自其他地方”这一事实;但是,物种库概念可能存在逻辑上的合成谬误[3]然而,大多数局部群落的确只有物种库的一小部分。该概念源自麦克阿瑟(MacArthur)和威尔逊(Wilson)的岛屿生物地理学理论,该理论考察了影响孤立自然群落物种丰富度的因素。它有助于了解地方群落的组成和丰富度,以及大时空尺度上作用的生物地理和进化过程如何对其产生影响。[1]物种库中缺失的部分——暗多样性——已应用于理解影响当地群落的过程。[4]估算潜在但尚未出现的物种数量的方法也正在被研究。[4]

据推测,物种丰富度与植物群落物种库的大小之间可能存在直接相关性。[5]在其他地方,有报告认为“取舍权衡和物种库结构(大小和性状分布)决定了植物生产力-多样性关系的形态。[6]

参考文献

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Howard V. Cornell; Susan P. Harrison. What Are Species Pools and When Are They Important?. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics. 2014, 45 (1): 651. doi:10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-120213-091759. 
  2. ^ Zobel, M. The species pool concept as a framework for studying patterns of plant diversity. Journal of Vegetation Science. 2016, 27: 8–18. doi:10.1111/jvs.12333. 
  3. ^ Jeremy Fox. Species pools and the fallacy of composition. 2011 [2022-05-07]. (原始内容存档于2020-12-04). in any complete explanation of local community structure, the properties of the species pool won’t be exogenously determined. There’s nowhere on earth that’s external to community ecology; every population of every species is and always has been part of some local community somewhere 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 Pärtel, M.; Szava-Kovats, R; Zobel, M. Dark diversity: shedding light on absent species. Trends in Ecology and Evolution. 2011, 26 (3): 124–128. PMID 21195505. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2010.12.004. 
  5. ^ Eriksson, Ove. The Species-Pool Hypothesis and Plant Community Diversity. Oikos. 1993, 68 (2): 371–374. ISSN 0030-1299. JSTOR 3544854. doi:10.2307/3544854. High species diversity is expected when the existing species-pool contains many species, and comparatively low species diversity will be found when the species-pool is small. 
  6. ^ Chalmandrier, Loïc; Albouy, Camille; Pellissier, Loïc. Species pool distributions along functional trade-offs shape plant productivity–diversity relationships. Scientific Reports. 2017-11-13, 7 (1): 15405. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 5684142可免费查阅. PMID 29133911. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-15334-4.