明治海底山
外觀
明治海底山 | |
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![]() 太平洋海底高程,顯示夏威夷-天皇海山鏈,包括頂部附近的明治海底山。 | |
頂峰深度 | 約2,000米(6,562英尺) |
地理位置 | |
位置 | 北太平洋,勘察加半島以東 |
坐標系 | 53°12′N 164°30′E / 53.200°N 164.500°E |
地質 | |
類型 | 海底平頂山 |
所屬火山弧/鏈 | 夏威夷-天皇海山鏈 |
岩層年代 | 8200萬年 |
明治海底山(英語:Meiji Seamount),又稱明治海底平頂山,是一座位於太平洋夏威夷-皇帝海山鏈的海底平頂山。[1]其是夏威夷-天皇海山鏈中最古老的海山,估計年齡為8200萬年。[2]其位於海山鏈的最北端,坐落在千島海溝的外坡上。[3]與其他天皇海山類似,它也是由夏威夷熱點形成的,後來發展為島嶼,並隨着太平洋板塊的運動,先是向北,現在又向西北降到海面下。明治海山是屬於平頂海底山的特殊海山,一些文獻稱其為明治平頂海山。[4] 明治海山最終將隱沒到千島海溝下,[5]不過若板塊運動維持現在的速度,這種情況還要過幾百萬年才發生。雖然明治海山是夏威夷-天皇海山鏈現存最古老的海山,但是否有更古老的海山已經俯衝到海溝中,仍無定論。
深海鑽探項目(DSDP)19號井192A號洞在明治海山頂附近發現了13米長的枕狀熔岩,[6][7]最初被歸為鹼性玄武岩,但後來對玻璃和輝石的微探針分析表明它們源於拉斑質岩漿系列。至少發現了5個岩流(flow)。[8]
其他條目
[編輯]參考資料
[編輯]- 註解
- ^ (Scholl 等人 1973)
- ^ Metzger, Ellen Pletcher. The STRATegy COLUMN for Precollege Science Teachers--Hot Spots, Plumes, and Plate Motion. Journal of Geological Education. 1995, 43 (4): 408–413. Bibcode:1995JGeoE..43..408M. ISSN 0022-1368. doi:10.5408/0022-1368-43.4.408 (英語).
- ^ Jiang, Zhaoxia; Li, Sanzhong; Liu, Qingsong; Zhang, Jianli; Zhou, Zaizheng; Zhang, Yuzhen. The trials and tribulations of the Hawaii hot spot model. Earth-Science Reviews. 2021, 215: 103544 [2023-11-08]. Bibcode:2021ESRv..21503544J. S2CID 233532339. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2021.103544
. (原始內容存檔於2022-10-27) (英語).
- ^ Wei, Songqiao Shawn; Shearer, Peter M.; Lithgow-Bertelloni, Carolina; Stixrude, Lars; Tian, Dongdong. Oceanic plateau of the Hawaiian mantle plume head subducted to the uppermost lower mantle. Science. 2020-11-20, 370 (6519): 983–987 [2023-11-08]. Bibcode:2020Sci...370..983W. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 33214281. S2CID 227059993. doi:10.1126/science.abd0312. (原始內容存檔於2023-05-25) (英語).
- ^ Bürgmann, Roland. Interseismic coupling and asperity distribution along the Kamchatka subduction zone. Journal of Geophysical Research. 2005, 110 (B7): B07405. Bibcode:2005JGRB..110.7405B. ISSN 0148-0227. S2CID 129123498. doi:10.1029/2005JB003648
(英語).
- ^ Dalrymple. G.B., Lanphere; M.A., Natland, K-Ar Minimum Age for Meiji Guyot, Emperor Seamount Chain, Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project, 55, Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project 55, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1980 [2022-08-10], doi:10.2973/dsdp.proc.55.129.1980
- ^ Scholl, David; Creager, Joe; Boyce, Robert; Echols, Ronald; Fullam, Timothy; Grow, John; Koizumi, Itaru; Lee, Homa; Ling, Hsin Yi; Supko, Peter; Worsley, Thomas. Site 192. Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project, 19. Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project 19. U.S. Government Printing Office. 1973 [2023-11-08]. doi:10.2973/dsdp.proc.19.111.1973. (原始內容存檔於2024-01-02) (英語).
- ^ Regelous, M.; Hofmann, A.W.; Abouchami, W; Galer, J.G. Geochemistry of Lavas from the Emperor Seamounts, and the Geochemical Evolution of Hawaiian Magmatism from 85 to 42 Ma. Journal of Petrology. 2003-01-01, 44 (1): 113–140. ISSN 1460-2415. doi:10.1093/petrology/44.1.113
.
- 參考書目
- Volcano World: The Hawaiian - Emperor Volcanic Chain. [2007-03-25]. (原始內容存檔於2007-04-01).
- Scholl, David W.; Creager, Joe S.; Boyce, Robert E.; Echols, Ronald J.; Fullam, Timothy J.; Grow, John A.; Koizumi, Itaru; Lee, Homa J.; Ling, Hsin Yi; Supko, Peter R.; Worsley, Thomas R. Site 192: Meiji Seamount (PDF). Deep Sea Drilling Project Initial Reports. 1973, 19: 463–533 [2018-05-19]. doi:10.2973/dsdp.proc.19.111.1973. (原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2018-06-02).
- Dalrymple, G. Brent; Lanphere, Marvin A.; Natland, James H. K-Ar Minimum Age for Meiji Guyot, Emperor Seamount Chain (PDF). Deep Sea Drilling Project Initial Reports. 1980, 55: 677–683 [2018-05-19]. doi:10.2973/dsdp.proc.55.129.1980. (原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2018-06-02).
- Scholl, D. W.; Rea, D. K. Estimating the Age of the Hawaiian Hotspot. American Geophysical Union. 2002, 61: 05. Bibcode:2002AGUFM.T61C..05S.
- Regelous, M.; Hofmann, A. W.; Abouchami, W.; Galer, S. J. G. Geochemistry of Lavas from the Emperor Seamounts, and the Geochemical Evolution of Hawaiian Magmatism from 85 to 42 Ma. Journal of Petrology (Max-Planck Institute for Chemie, Abteilung Geochemie, Post 3060, 55020 Mainz, Germany: Oxford University Press). 2003, 44 (1): 113–140 [2018-05-19]. doi:10.1093/petrology/44.1.113. (原始內容存檔於2006-02-17).
- Norton, Ian O. Speculations on tectonic origin of the Hawaii hotspot. Mantleplumes.org. 2006 [2014-08-08]. (原始內容存檔於2015-05-05).
- Shapiro, M. N.; Soloviev, A. V.; Ledneva, G. V. Did Emperor seamounts subduct?. Mantleplumes.org. 2006 [2014-08-08]. (原始內容存檔於2015-02-23).
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