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反介入/區域拒止

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A large, wheeled military vehicle with four missile tubes on top.thumb
S-400地對空導彈系統為可用於作反介入/區域拒止的資產。 [1]

反介入/區域拒止(英語:Anti-Access/Area Denial, A2/AD;日語:接近阻止・領域拒否),是指控制作戰環境的進出乃至整個環境的軍事戰略。[2] 在早期定義中,反介入Anti-Access, A2),是指運用遠程力量,防止敵方或他方部隊進入作戰區域的行動和能力。區域拒止Area Denial, AD),則是以較短距離的行動和能力,限制敵方或他方部隊在作戰區域內的行動自由。[3][4] 簡而言之,反介入阻攔他方部隊進入作戰區域動,而區域拒止是限制他方部隊在作戰區域內的移動。[5] 反介入/區域拒止通常是弱勢方用來防禦較強對手的策略[6],但對手也能採取策略以「反介入/區域拒止」(A2/AD)。

美國

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中國的反介入能力

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2007年,蘭德公司提出「反介入/區域拒止」報告,分析中國對抗美軍的反介入能力。[7][8] 美軍眼中,中國具有的「反介入/區域拒止」戰術武器,包含東風-21D導彈等,可用以拒止美軍進入太平洋[9]

批評

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註腳

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  1. ^ Giles, Keir; Boulegue, Mathieu. Russia's A2/AD Capabilities: Real and Imagined. The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters. 2019, 49 (1): 21–36. S2CID 232333797. doi:10.55540/0031-1723.2860可免費查閱. 
  2. ^ Russell, Alison Lawlor. Historical Perspective of A2/AD Strategy. Strategic A2/AD in Cyberspace. 2017: 11–25 [2024-02-22]. ISBN 9781316817001. doi:10.1017/9781316817001.002. (原始內容存檔於2018-06-11). 
  3. ^ Krepinevich, Andrew; Watts, Barry; Work, Robert. Meeting the anti-access and area denial challenge (PDF). Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments Washington, DC. 2003 [2024-02-22]. (原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2024-05-23). 
  4. ^ Joint Operational Access Concept (JOAC) (PDF). Department of Defense. 17 January 2012 [2024-02-22]. (原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2022-08-10). 
  5. ^ Department of Defense Authorization for Appropriations for Fiscal Year 2012 and the Future Years Defense Program. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office. 17 February 2011: 522 [2024-02-22]. (原始內容存檔於2024-02-22). 
  6. ^ Tangredi, Sam. Anti-access warfare: countering anti-access and area-denial strategies. 2013. ISBN 978-1-61251-187-0. 
  7. ^ Cliff, Roger, Mark Burles, Michael S. Chase, Derek Eaton, and Kevin L. Pollpeter, Entering the Dragon's Lair: Chinese Antiaccess Strategies and Their Implications for the United States. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 2007.
  8. ^ Cliff, Roger, Mark Burles, Michael S. Chase, Derek Eaton, and Kevin L. Pollpeter, China Could Use "Antiaccess" Strategies to Counter U.S. Military Superiority頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館). Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 2007.
  9. ^ 應紹基. 中共「反介入」戰力的建構與美國的因應作為 (PDF). [2024-02-22]. (原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2024-02-24). 

參見

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