貝母屬

貝母屬
	花格貝母; Fritillaria meleagris
科學分類
界：	植物界 Plantae
演化支：	維管束植物 Tracheophyta
演化支：	被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支：	單子葉植物 Monocots
目：	百合目 Liliales
科：	百合科 Liliaceae
亞科：	百合亞科 Lilioideae
族：	百合族 Lilieae
屬：	貝母屬 Fritillaria; Tourn. ex L., 1753
種
	見正文
異名
	Amblirion Raf. ; Baimo Raf. ; Corona Fisch. ex Graham ; Eucrinum (Nutt.) Lindl. ; Imperialis Adans. ; Korolkowia Regel ; Liliorhiza Kellogg ; Lyperia Salisb. ; Melorima Raf. ; Monocodon Salisb. ; Ochrocodon Rydb. ; Petilium Ludw. ; Rhinopetalum Fisch. ex D.Don ; Sarana Fisch. ex Baker ; Theresia K.Koch ; Tozzettia Parl.;

貝母屬（學名：Fritillaria）是百合科下的一個屬，為多年生草本植物，又名莔（音「虻」）。該屬共有85種，分佈於北溫帶。^[1]本屬常見種有川貝母、暗紫貝母、甘肅貝母、梭砂貝母等。

下屬物種

本屬包括以下物種：^[2]

Fritillaria acmopetala Boiss.
肖貝母 Fritillaria affinis (Schult. & Schult.f.) Sealy
Fritillaria agrestis Greene
Fritillaria alburyana Rix
Fritillaria alfredae Post
Fritillaria amabilis Koidz.
Fritillaria amana (Rix) Teksen
安徽貝母 Fritillaria anhuiensis S.C.Chen & S.F.Yin
Fritillaria ariana (Losinsk. & Vved.) Rix
Fritillaria armena Boiss.
Fritillaria arsusiana Yıldırım & Tekşen，發現於安納托利亞南部^[3]
Fritillaria assyriaca Baker
Fritillaria asumaniae R.Wallis, R.B.Wallis & Özhatay
Fritillaria atrolineata Bakhshi Khan.
Fritillaria atropurpurea Nutt.
Fritillaria aurea Schott
Fritillaria avromanica Advay & Teksen
Fritillaria ayakoana Maruy. & Naruh.
Fritillaria baisunensis Ruksans
Fritillaria baskilensis Behcet
Fritillaria biflora Lindl.
Fritillaria bithynica Baker
Fritillaria brandegeei Eastw.
Fritillaria bucharica Regel
Fritillaria burneti Hort.Backh., 1879
Fritillaria byfieldii Özhatay & Rix
Fritillaria camschatcensis (L.) Ker Gawl.
黑百合 Fritillaria camtschatcensis Sweet, 1826
Fritillaria carica Rix
Fritillaria caucasica Adams
Fritillaria chamarensis Turcz. ex Ledeb.
Fritillaria chitralensis (Anon.) B.Mathew
Fritillaria chlorantha Hausskn. & Bornm.
Fritillaria chlororhabdota Bakhshi Khan.
川貝 Fritillaria cirrhosa D.Don，川貝母
Fritillaria collina Adams
Fritillaria conica Boiss.
Fritillaria cornuta Hort.Gorenk. ex Schult.f., 1829
Fritillaria cornuti Hort.Dorpat. ex Schult.f., 1829
Fritillaria coussolensis Goaty & Pons ex Nyman, 1882
粗莖貝母 Fritillaria crassicaulis S.C.Chen
Fritillaria crassifolia Boiss. & A.Huet
Fritillaria ctenanthera Regel
Fritillaria dagana Turcz.
Fritillaria dagana Turcz. ex Trautv.
大金貝母 Fritillaria dajinensis S.C.Chen
米貝母 Fritillaria davidii Franch.
Fritillaria davisiae Turrill
Fritillaria davisii Turrill
梭砂貝母 Fritillaria delavayi Franch.
Fritillaria drenovskii Degen & Stoj.
Fritillaria dzhabavae A.P.Khokhr.
Fritillaria eastwoodiae R.M.Macfarl.
Fritillaria ebeiensis G.D.Yu & G.Q.Ji
Fritillaria eduardii A.Regel ex Regel
Fritillaria eduardii Regel ex Losinsk.
Fritillaria ehrhartii Boiss. & Orph.
Fritillaria elwesii Boiss.
Fritillaria enginiana (Byfield & Özhatay) Teksen
Fritillaria epirotica Turrill ex Rix
Fritillaria euboeica Rix
Fritillaria falcata (Jeps.) D.E.Beetle
烏恰貝母 Fritillaria ferganensis Losinsk.
Fritillaria fleischeriana Steud. & Hochst. ex Schult. & Schult.f.
Fritillaria forbesii Baker
Fritillaria frankiorum R.Wallis & R.B.Wallis
高山貝母 Fritillaria fusca Turrill
Fritillaria gardneriana Wall.
Fritillaria gentneri Gilkey
Fritillaria gibbosa Boiss.
Fritillaria glauca Greene
Fritillaria glaucescens Willd., 1818
Fritillaria graeca Boiss. & Spruner
Fritillaria grandiflora Grossh.
Fritillaria guilelmi-waldemarii Klotzsch, 1862
Fritillaria gussichiae (Degen & Dörfl.) Rix
Fritillaria hakkarensis (Rix) Teksen
Fritillaria hermonis Fenzl ex Klatt
Fritillaria hermontis Rix
Fritillaria hermontis-amana Rix
花貝母 Fritillaria imperialis L.，皇冠貝母
Fritillaria involucrata All.
Fritillaria involucrata Rchb.
Fritillaria italica Schult.f., 1829
日本貝母 Fritillaria japonica Miq.
Fritillaria kaiensis Naruh.
Fritillaria kamtschatcensis Fisch. ex Hook., 1832
Fritillaria karakocanensis ^[4]
砂貝母 Fritillaria karelinii (Fisch. ex D.Don) Baker
Fritillaria kittaniae Sorger
Fritillaria kiusiana L.Hill
Fritillaria koidzumiana Ohwi
Fritillaria kordestanica M.Advay, 2022
Fritillaria kotschyana Herb.
Fritillaria kurdica Boiss. & Noë
Fritillaria lagodechiana Kharkev.
Fritillaria latakiensis Rix
Fritillaria latifolia Friv. ex Nyman, 1882
Fritillaria latifolia Willd.
Fritillaria legionensis Llamas & J.Andrés
Fritillaria leucantha Fisch ex Schult.f., 1829
Fritillaria liliacea Lindl.
Fritillaria lusitanica Wikstr.
Fritillaria lutea Mill.
Fritillaria macedonica Bornm.
Fritillaria macrocarpa Coss. ex Batt.
Fritillaria marc-michelii Freyn & Sint. ex Bornm., 1930
輪葉貝母 Fritillaria maximowiczii Freyn
Fritillaria melananthera (Rix) Teksen & Advay
花格貝母 Fritillaria meleagris L.，阿爾泰貝母
額敏貝母 Fritillaria meleagroides Patrin ex Schult. & Schult.f.
Fritillaria messanensis Raf.
Fritillaria michailovskyi Fomin
Fritillaria micrantha A.Heller
Fritillaria milasense M.Teks
Fritillaria milasensis Teksen & Aytaç
Fritillaria minima Rix
Fritillaria minuta Boiss. & Noë
Fritillaria moggridgei Baker, 1879
天目貝母 Fritillaria monantha Migo
Fritillaria montana Hoppe ex W.D.J.Koch
Fritillaria montana Hoppe, 1832
Fritillaria mughlae Teksen & Aytaç
Fritillaria muraiana Ohwi
Fritillaria mutabilis Kamari
Fritillaria nervosa Unio
Fritillaria obliqua Ker Gawl.
Fritillaria ojaiensis Davidson
Fritillaria olgae Vved.
Fritillaria olivieri Baker
Fritillaria oranensis Pomel
Fritillaria orientalis Adams
Fritillaria orientalis Willd. ex Ledeb., 1852
Fritillaria ozdemir-elmasii Yildirim & Teksen
伊貝母 Fritillaria pallidiflora Schrenk ex Fisch. & C.A.Mey.
Fritillaria parvialbiflora
波斯貝母 Fritillaria persica L.
Fritillaria phitosii Kamari, Zahos & Siagou
Fritillaria pinardii Boiss.
Fritillaria pinetorum Davidson
Fritillaria plantaginifolia Lam.
Fritillaria platyptera Sam., 1950
Fritillaria pluriflora Torr. ex Benth.
黑海貝母 Fritillaria pontica Wahlenb.
Fritillaria praecox Sweet
甘肅貝母 Fritillaria przewalskii Maxim. ex Batalin
Fritillaria pudica (Pursh) Spreng.
Fritillaria purdyi Eastw.
Fritillaria purpusii Purdy
Fritillaria pyrenaica Guss.
Fritillaria pyrenaica Host, 1827
比利牛斯貝母 Fritillaria pyrenaica L.
Fritillaria pyrenaica Pall., 1771
Fritillaria pyrenaica Sm., 1823
Fritillaria pyrenaica Webb ex Nyman, 1882
Fritillaria pyrenaica d'Urv., 1822
Fritillaria racemosa Kunth, 1843
Fritillaria racemosa Sm.
Fritillaria raddeana Regel
Fritillaria recurva Benth.
Fritillaria regelii Losinsk.
雷蒂里貝母 Fritillaria reuteri Boiss.
Fritillaria rhodia A.Hansen
Fritillaria rhodocanakis Orph.
Fritillaria rhodocanakis Orph. ex Baker
Fritillaria ruthenica Wikstr.
Fritillaria saldaensis Schilke
Fritillaria schliemanni Sint.
Fritillaria serawschanica O.Fedtsch. ex Losinsk.
Fritillaria serotina Schult.f., 1829
Fritillaria serpenticola (Rix) Teksen & Aytaç
Fritillaria sewerzowii Regel
Fritillaria shikokiana Naruh.
Fritillaria sibthorpiana (Sm.) Baker
華西貝母 Fritillaria sichuanica S.C.Chen
中華貝母 Fritillaria sinica S.C.Chen
Fritillaria skorpili Velen.
Fritillaria sonnikovae Shaulo & Erst
Fritillaria sororum Jim.Persson & K.Persson
Fritillaria stenanthera (Regel) Regel
Fritillaria straussii Bornm.
Fritillaria striata Eastw.
Fritillaria stribrnyi Velen.
太白貝母 Fritillaria taipaiensis P.Y.Li
Fritillaria tatianae Grossh.
Fritillaria tenella Rchb.
Fritillaria tenella Wikstr.
Fritillaria thessalica Spruner ex Nyman, 1882
浙貝母 Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.
托星貝母 Fritillaria tortifolia X.Z.Duan & X.J.Zheng
Fritillaria tubaeformis Gren. & Godr.
Fritillaria tubiformis Gren. & Godr.
Fritillaria tulipifolia Spruner ex Nyman, 1882
Fritillaria tunievii Gabrieljan
Fritillaria umitkaplanii Eker & Tekşen, 2023^[5]
暗紫貝母 Fritillaria unibracteata P.K.Hsiao & K.C.Hsia
平貝母 Fritillaria usuriensis Maxim.
Fritillaria uva-vulpis Rix
黃花貝母 Fritillaria verticillata Wall.
Fritillaria viridea Kellogg
Fritillaria viridia Kellogg, 1863
Fritillaria viridiflora Post
Fritillaria waldemarii Pritz.
新疆貝母 Fritillaria walujewii Regel
Fritillaria wendelboi (Rix) Teksen
Fritillaria whittallii Baker
Fritillaria woluewii Regel
裕民貝母 Fritillaria yuminensis X.Z.Duan
雲南貝母 Fritillaria yunnanensis Franch. ex W.E.Evans
榆中貝母 Fritillaria yuzhongensis G.D.Yu & Y.S.Zhou

雜交種：

Fritillaria ×perryi Reuthe
Fritillaria ×spetsiotica Kamari
Fritillaria ×tokushimensis Akasawa, Katayama & T.Naito

歸入本屬的物種：

參考文獻

^ 中国种子植物科属词典. 中國數字植物標本館. [2012-04-02]. （原始內容存檔於2012-04-11）.
^ Fritillaria Tourn. ex L.. GBIF. [2023-04-24]. （原始內容存檔於2023-04-28）.
^ Hasan Yildirim and Mehtap Tekşen. 2021. Fritillaria arsusiana (Lilieae, Liliaceae), A New Species from southern Anatolia. Phytotaxa. 502(2); 149–159. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.502.2.3
^ Veysel Sonay, Mehtap Tekşen, Hasan Yıldırım, Mehmet Maruf Balos and Hasan Akan. 2023. Fritillaria karakocanensis (Liliaceae), A New Species of the F. crassifolia Group from Anatolia (Turkey). Nordic Journal of Botany. e03903. DOI: 10.1111/njb.03903
^ İsmail Eker and Mehtap Tekşen. 2023. Fritillaria umitkaplanii (Liliaceae), A New Species from south Anatolia. Nordic Journal of Botany. e03803. DOI: 10.1111/njb.03803

延伸閱讀

[在維基數據編輯]

《欽定古今圖書集成·博物彙編·草木典·貝母部》，出自陳夢雷《古今圖書集成》

《植物名實圖考·貝母》，出自吳其濬《植物名實圖考》

[1] 中国种子植物科属词典. 中國數字植物標本館. [2012-04-02]. （原始內容存檔於2012-04-11）.

[2] Fritillaria Tourn. ex L.. GBIF. [2023-04-24]. （原始內容存檔於2023-04-28）.

[3] Hasan Yildirim and Mehtap Tekşen. 2021. Fritillaria arsusiana (Lilieae, Liliaceae), A New Species from southern Anatolia. Phytotaxa. 502(2); 149–159. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.502.2.3

[4] Veysel Sonay, Mehtap Tekşen, Hasan Yıldırım, Mehmet Maruf Balos and Hasan Akan. 2023. Fritillaria karakocanensis (Liliaceae), A New Species of the F. crassifolia Group from Anatolia (Turkey). Nordic Journal of Botany. e03903. DOI: 10.1111/njb.03903

[5] İsmail Eker and Mehtap Tekşen. 2023. Fritillaria umitkaplanii (Liliaceae), A New Species from south Anatolia. Nordic Journal of Botany. e03803. DOI: 10.1111/njb.03803

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