跳转到内容

倒F型天线

维基百科,自由的百科全书
应用于数位增强无线电话系统中的一个倒F型天线

倒F型天线(英语:inverted-F antenna)是用于无线通讯的一种天线,主要运作于特高频微波频率。构造包含导电的接地平面英语Ground plane以及一个与之平行的单极天线英语Monopole antenna。相对于简易版的单极天线,此设计有两个好处:第一,这种天线的长度较短且体积更加小巧,可被安装在移动设备中。第二,这种天线无需其他元件即可透过设计与馈电电路达成阻抗匹配,提高效率。

与倒F型天线有关的构想最早出现在1950年代,当时构想的是一个立体的弯折天线。然而,如今倒F型天线最为广泛的应用形式是平面倒F型天线(英语:planar inverted-F antenna,PIFA)。其接地平面和天线平行于一平面上,大幅节省了立体空间,小巧的尺寸使其能够融入于行动通讯装置中。PIFA能被以微带线形式印刷在电路板上。

PIFA是一种贴片天线英语Patch antenna。许多的贴片天线(包含PIFA)都可实现宽频和多频功能,实现方式包含使用耦合谐振器(coupled resonator)或是在天线上打洞。

发展与历史

[编辑]

倒F型天线是由广受使用的四分之一波长(quarter-wave)单极天线英语Monopole antenna演变而来,其构造包含一个接地平面以及一个直立于平面上的杆状天线,天线由底部接受馈电。最早具有F状造型的天线于1940年代被发明,[1]这个天线从位于中间位置的分支接受馈电,而其底部则连接到接地平面。从馈电线一直到接地平面这个区段的天线具有短截线的作用。只要调整这个区段的长度,就能够改变天线的输入阻抗,因此设计者可以透过改变馈电点位置来达成阻抗匹配。

注脚

[编辑]
  1. ^ Waterhouse & Novak, p. 19

参考书目

[编辑]
  • Ali, M.; Guangli Yang; Huan-Sheng Hwang; Sittironnarit, T., "Design and analysis of an R-shaped dual-band planar inverted-F antenna for vehicular applications", IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 53, iss. 1, pp. 29–37, January 2004.
  • Barton, "Nosecone Inverted-F (IFA) for S-Band Telemetry"[失效链接], DTIC, 2017
  • Cohen, N., Fractal antenna applications in wireless telecommunications", Professional Program Proceedings: Electronics Forum of New England, 1997, pp. 43–49, 6–8 May 1997, IEEE ISBN 0780339878.
  • Hall, Peter S.; Lee, E.; Song, C. T. P., "Planar inverted-F antennas", pp. 197–227, in Waterhouse, Rod (ed), Printed Antennas for Wireless Communications, John Wiley & Sons, 2008 ISBN 0470512253.
  • Hall, Peter S.; Yang Hao, Antennas and Propagation for Body-Centric Wireless Communications, 2nd ed., Artech House, 2012 ISBN 1608073769.
  • Kervel, Fredrik, 868 MHz, 915 MHz and 955 MHz inverted F Antenna页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), Texas Instruments, Design Note DN023 30 September 2011.
  • Kin-Lu Wong, Yen-Yu Chen, Saou-Wen Su, Yen-Liang Kuo, "Diversity dual-band planar inverted-F antenna for WLAN operation"页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, vol. 38, iss. 3, pp. 223–225, 5 August 2003.
  • King, Ronold W. P.; Harrison, C. W., Jr.; Denton, D. H., Jr., "Transmission-line missile antennas", Sandia Corp Technical Memo 436-58, vol. 14, November 1958.
  • King, Ronold W. P.; Harrison, C. W., Jr.; Denton, D. H., Jr., "Transmission-line missile antennas", IRE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 8, iss. 1, pp. 88–90, January 1960.
  • Liu, Z. D.; Hall, P. S.; Wake, D., "Dual frequency planar inverted F antenna", IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 45, iss. 10, pp. 1451–1458, October 1997.
  • Petosa, Aldo, Frequency-Agile Antennas for Wireless Communications, Artech House, 2013 ISBN 1608077691.
  • Prasad, Shiela; King, Ronold W. P., "Experimental study of inverted L-, T-, and related transmission-line antennas"页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, vol. 65, no. 5, pp. 449–454, September–October 1961.
  • Sánchez-Hernández, David A., Multiband Integrated Antennas for 4G Terminals, Artech House, 2008 ISBN 1596933984.
  • Waterhouse, Rod; Novak, Dalma, "Wireless systems and printed antennas", pp. 1–36, in Waterhouse, Rod (ed), Printed Antennas for Wireless Communications, John Wiley & Sons, 2008 ISBN 0470512253.
  • Yarman, Binboga Siddik, Design of Ultra Wideband Antenna Matching Networks, Springer, 2008 ISBN 1402084188.