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埃尔·格列柯

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埃尔·格列柯
《一名老人的肖像》(推测为埃尔·格列柯之自画像),约1595年–1600年,油彩 / 帆布,52.7 × 46.7 cm,美国纽约大都会艺术博物馆
出生多米尼克·提托克波洛斯
Doménikos Theotokópoulos

1541年
威尼斯共和国克里特
逝世1614年4月7日(72–73岁)
西班牙托雷多
国籍西班牙 / 希腊
知名于绘画雕塑建筑
知名作品脱掉基督的外衣》 (1577–1579)
圣母升天》 (1577–1579)
欧贵兹伯爵的葬礼》 (1586–1588)
托利多风景》 (1596–1600)
圣马丁与乞丐》(1597-1599)
揭开第五印》 (1608–1614)
运动矫饰主义

埃尔·格列柯(西班牙语:El Greco,1541年—1614年4月7日),西班牙文艺复兴时期画家雕塑家建筑家。“埃尔·格列柯”在西班牙文中意为“希腊人”,是依格列柯的希腊血统而取的别名;格列柯在画作上通常署名以希腊文本名多米尼克·提托克波洛斯(希腊语:Δομήνικος Θεοτοκόπουλος,西班牙语:Doménikos Theotokópoulos)。

格列柯出生于后拜占庭艺术时期克里特,当时为威尼斯共和国所治理。他原受传统绘画教育,直到26岁时,和许多希腊艺术家一样,动身前往威尼斯旅行后画风丕变[1]。1570年,格列柯迁居至罗马,在当地经营一间工作坊、创作了一系列的作品。在此期间,格列柯受到威尼斯文艺复兴的薰染,在画风中融入了矫饰主义。1577年,他转往西班牙托雷多发展,直到逝世。在托雷多,格列柯接受了些许重要的委托,并创作出他最著名的画作。

格列柯兼具戏剧性与表现主义的画风在当代并不受宠,但在20世纪获肯。格列柯被公认是表现主义立体主义先驱。格列柯被现代学者视为一极与众不同、具高度个人色彩的艺术家,不属任何传统流派[2]。他的画作以弯曲瘦长的身形为特色,用色怪诞而变幻无常,融合了拜占庭传统与西方绘画风格[3]

著名作品

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引用

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  1. ^ J. Brown, El Greco of Toledo, 75-77
  2. ^ Greco, El. 大英百科全書. 2002. 
  3. ^ M. Lambraki-Plaka, El Greco—The Greek, 60

参考文献

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出版资料 (书与文章)

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  • Brown Jonathan, Mann Richard G. Tone. Spanish Paintings of the Fifteenth Through Nineteenth Centuries. 洛特列治 (英). 1997. ISBN 0-415-14889-8. 
  • Byron, Robert. Greco: The Epilogue to Byzantine Culture. Burlington Magazine for Connoisseurs (伯林顿杂志出版有限公司). October 1929, 55 (319): 160–174. 
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  • Cormack, Robin. Painting the Soul, Icons, Death Masks and Shrouds. 瑞科图书,伦敦. 1997. 
  • Cossío, Manuel Bartolomé. El Greco (in Spanish). Victoriano Suárez,马德里. 1908. 
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  • Davies, David. The Influence of Christian Neo-Platonism on the Art of El Greco. El Greco of Crete (proceedings) edited by Nicos Hadjinicolaou. Herakleion. 1990. 
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  • Hadjinicolaou, Nicos. Doménicos Theotocópoulos, 450 Years from his Birth. El Greco of Crete (proceedings) edited by Nicos Hadjinicolaou. Herakleion. 1990. 
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  • Helm, Robert Meredith. The Neoplatonic Tradition in the Art of El Greco. Neoplatonism and Western Aesthetics edited by Aphrodite Alexandrakis and Nicholas J. Moutafakis. SUNY 出版. 2001. ISBN 0-7914-5279-4. 
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  • Kandinsky Wassily, Marc Franz. L'Almanach du "Blaue Reiter". Klincksieck. 1987. ISBN 2-252-02567-0. 
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  • Lambraki-Plaka, Marina. El Greco, the Puzzle. Doménicos Theotocópoulos today. To Vima. 19 April 1987. 
  • Lambraki-Plaka, Marina. From El Greco to Cézanne (An "Imaginary Museum" with Masterpieces of Three Centuries). From El Greco to Cézanne (catalogue). National Gallery-Alexandros Soutsos Museum. 1992. 
  • Landon, A.E. Reincarnation Magazine 1925. 基辛格出版. 2003. ISBN 0-7661-3775-9. 
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  • Marias, Fernando. El Greco's Artistic Thought. El Greco, Identity and Transformation edited by Alvarez Lopera. Skira. 1999. ISBN 88-8118-474-5. 
  • Marias Fernando, Bustamante García Agustín. Las Ideas Artísticas de El Greco (in Spanish). Cátedra. 1981. ISBN 84-376-0263-7. 
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  • Meier-Graefe, Julius. The Spanish Journey (translated form German by J. Holroyd-Reece). 乔纳森凯普出版社,伦敦. 1926. 
  • Mertzios, K.D. Selections of the Registers of the Cretan Notary Michael Maras (1538–1578) (in Greek). Cretan Chronicles. 1961–1962, 2 (15–16): 55–71. 
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  • Pallucchini, Rodolfo. Some Early Works by El Greco. Burlington Magazine (伯林顿杂志出版有限公司). May 1948, 90 (542): 130–135, 137. 
  • Panayotakis, Nikolaos M. "The Cretan Period of the Life of Doménicos Theotocópoulos. Festschrift In Honor Of Nikos Svoronos, Volume B. 克里特大学出版. 1986. 
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  • Procopiou, Angelo. El Greco and Cretan Painting. Burlington Magazine (伯林顿杂志出版有限公司). March 1952, 94 (588): 74+76–80 [2010-01-08]. (原始内容存档于2020-05-28). 
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  • Salas, X. de. The Velazquez Exhibition in Madrid. Burlington Magazine. February 1961, 103 (695): 54–57 [2010-01-08]. (原始内容存档于2009-03-15). 
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  • Tazartes, Mauricia. El Greco (Sofia Giannetsou 譯自希臘文). Explorer. 2005. ISBN 960-7945-83-2. 
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  • Wethey, Harold E. El Greco in Rome and the Portrait of Vincenzo Anastagi. Studies in the History of Art. 1984, 13: 171–178. 
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线上资料

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延伸阅读

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  • Aznar, José Camón. Dominico Greco. Madrid. 1950. 
  • Davies, David (Editor), Elliott, John H. (Editor), Bray, Xavier (Contributor), Christiansen, Keith (Contributor), Finaldi, Gabriele (Contributor). El Greco (catalogue). National Gallery London. 2006. ISBN 1-85709-938-9. 
  • Marias, Fernando. El Greco in Toledo. Scala Publishers. 2005. ISBN 1-85759-210-7. 
  • Pallucchini, Rodolfo. II Polittico del Greco della R. Gallena Estense e la Formazione dell'Artista (in Italian). Gazzetta dell' Emilia. March 7, 1937, 13: 171–178. 
  • Prevelakis, Pandelis. Theotocópoulos—Biography (in Greek). Aetos. 1942. 
  • Rice, Talbot. El Greco and Byzantium. The New York Review of Books (The Burlington Magazine Publications, Ltd.). January 1937, 70 (406): 34+38–39. 

外部链接

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