彗翎

彗翎（也称逆向彗尾或反尾）是从彗星的彗发投射出来的明显的尖峰，它似乎朝向太阳，因此在几何上与另一个彗尾相反：离子尾和尘埃尾。然而，这种现象是从地球上看到的视错觉。彗翎是由更大的尘埃颗粒组成，它们受太阳辐射压力的影响较小，并倾向于大致保持在彗星的轨道平面内，最终由于颗粒从彗星表面喷出的速度而沿彗星轨道形成盘状。当地球穿过彗星的轨道平面时，是由侧面看见这一盘面，并表现为特征性的尖峰^[1]。尽管盘的另一面往往会消失在尘埃的尾部，但有时仍可以看到。因此，通常只有当地球穿过彗星的轨道平面时，才能在短时间内看到彗翎^[2]^[3]。

大多数彗星都没有发育到足以看到彗翎的程度，但值得注意的是，确实显示出彗翎的彗星包括1957年的阿兰德-罗兰彗星、1973年的柯侯德彗星^[4]、1997年的海尔·波普彗星、和2013年的泛星彗星。

注解[编辑]

^ Encyclopedia of science:antitail. ^{[失效链接]}
^ Rao, Joe. Newfound Comet Lulin to Grace Night Skies. SPACE.com. 6 February 2009 [2009-02-25]. （原始内容存档于26 February 2009）.
^ Tosar, Borja; Paolo Candy. What is an antitail. 3.bp.blogspot. [2009-02-25]. （原始内容存档于25 February 2009）.
^ Naugles, John E. Statement of John E. Naugle, Associate Administrator for Space Science, NASA: Comet Kohoutek Program. Committee on Science and Astronautics U.S. House of Representatives. Hearings Before the Subcommittee on Space Science and Applications (Washington DC). 7 March 1974, 25 (3): 401 [2021-11-10]. [drawing on page 403] the Skylab crewmen observed a brilliant spike or anti tail projecting toward the Sun from the head of Kohoutek [...] Dr Zdenek Sekanina concluded that the spike was not wholly due to a perspective or geometrical effect as has been assumed in previous comet studies.

有着突出彗翎的阿兰德·罗兰彗星影像。（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

外部链接[编辑]

Emily Lakdawalla. Got binoculars? Spot a comet near Saturn tonight. 2009-02-23 [2023-01-27]. （原始内容存档于2014-04-22）.
Online Encyclopedia of Science - Antitail （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

[1] Encyclopedia of science:antitail. ^{[失效链接]}

[2] Rao, Joe. Newfound Comet Lulin to Grace Night Skies. SPACE.com. 6 February 2009 [2009-02-25]. （原始内容存档于26 February 2009）.

[3] Tosar, Borja; Paolo Candy. What is an antitail. 3.bp.blogspot. [2009-02-25]. （原始内容存档于25 February 2009）.

[4] Naugles, John E. Statement of John E. Naugle, Associate Administrator for Space Science, NASA: Comet Kohoutek Program. Committee on Science and Astronautics U.S. House of Representatives. Hearings Before the Subcommittee on Space Science and Applications (Washington DC). 7 March 1974, 25 (3): 401 [2021-11-10]. [drawing on page 403] the Skylab crewmen observed a brilliant spike or anti tail projecting toward the Sun from the head of Kohoutek [...] Dr Zdenek Sekanina concluded that the spike was not wholly due to a perspective or geometrical effect as has been assumed in previous comet studies.

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