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荻野周史

維基百科，自由的百科全書

荻野周史（日語：荻野 周史／おぎの しゅうじ Ogino Shūji，1968年4月24日—），主要從事病理學，流行病學和分子病理流行病學研究。目前在哈佛醫學院，布萊根婦女醫院和丹娜法伯癌症研究院及哈佛陳曾熙公共衛生學院擔任教授。荻野首次提出分子病理流行病學（英語：Molecular pathological epidemiology）（MPE）這一學科概念，該學科是分子病理學和流行病學的交叉學科。

生平

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於1993年獲得東京大學醫學院學士學位，於1994-1995年在沖繩美國海軍醫院實習，隨後赴美，並分別在卓克索大學阿勒格尼總醫院（1995-1997）及凱斯西儲大學/克利夫蘭大學醫院（1997-1999）完成病理解剖和臨床病理住院醫師培訓，1999-2000年在賓夕法尼亞大學醫學中心進行分子病理學研究。2001年獲得東京大學研究院醫學系博士學位後繼續在該中心從事博士後研究，2001-2004在丹娜法伯癌症研究院，布萊根婦女醫院和哈佛醫學院擔任病理學講師，2004年晉升為助理教授，2008年晉升為副教授，2015年晉升為丹娜法伯癌症研究院教授。繼2011年在哈佛陳曾熙公共衛生學院獲得流行病學碩士學位後，被任命為該學院的流行病學副教授，並2015年晉升為教授。

研究領域和成果

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荻野於2010年首次提出 「分子病理流行病學（MPE）」[1]這一概念。他認為將分子病理學研究帶入流行病學研究的框架是一個獨特的研究領域。此後，MPE這一概念被廣泛採納[2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] ，並且成為美國癌症研究協會（AACR）[13] ，流行病學研究協會（SER）[14]和美國預防腫瘤學會（ASPO）[15]等國際會議的專題。MPE是採用分子病理學流行病學的方法從分子、個體和群體的水平進行病因學的研究。通過對現有的流行病學研究中組織樣本和數據的研究分析，荻野發表了大量的文章論述危險因素（如環境、飲食、生活方式和遺傳因素等）的暴露和疾病的分子病理學特徵之間的相互關係（例如，攜帶PIK3CA突變基因的結直腸癌），其中很多發現 [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]以及闡述 MPE的概念[24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] 的文章都發表在該領域具有影響力的雜誌上。通過MPE的研究方法荻野發現了阿斯匹靈可以增加攜帶PIK3CA基因突變的結直腸癌患者的生存期 [32] ，內鏡篩查有助於降低結腸癌的發病率和死亡率，以及結腸鏡檢5年內發生的大腸癌與其CIMP（CpG 島甲基化表型）和MSI （微衛星不穩定性）有關[33]。Ogino 於2013年舉辦首屆分子病理流行病學（MPE）會議，並於2014年12月4-5號在波士頓召開第二次會議[34][35]。

荻野採用MPE的研究方法提出在大腸癌研究模型從兩段式結腸模型（近段和遠段結腸）[36] [37] [38] [39]到大腸連續模型[40]的轉變。該假設是通過對 1400多例大腸癌病例分析，得出不同部位的結腸癌與其微衛星不穩定（MSI），CpG島甲基化表型（CIMP）和BRAF突變頻率呈線性關係[41] ，這一大腸連續模型已得到支持 [42][43]。 此外，荻野還提出了一些新的研究模式，包括「GWAS-MPE」 [44] ，「 獨特腫瘤原則」[45] ，「獨特疾病原則」[46] ，「病因場效應模型」 [47] （即多種治病因素包括飲食、生活方式、環境、微生物、激素和基因等及其相互作用下的形成腫瘤易感組織微環境，致使腫瘤形成、演化和進展）以及「生命歷程流行病學 - MPE模型」[48] ，所有這些模型都與MPE領域相關。

榮譽

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  • 2004年，分子病理學協會（AMP），總裁獎
  • 2011年，美國加拿大病理學協會，拉姆茲•科特蘭青年研究獎
  • 2012年，分子病理學協會（AMP），功勳獎
  • 2014年，湯森路透 [49]， 最具影響力的科學家
  • 2014年，美國臨床調查協會（ASCI），委員
  • 2014年，美國實驗生物學會聯合會傑出科學獎委員會[50]，委員

外部連結

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參考文獻

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  22. ^ Barry ER, Morikawa T, Butler BL, Shrestha K, de la Rosa R, Yan KS, Fuchs CS, Magness ST, Smits R, Ogino S, Kuo CJ, Camargo FD. Restriction of intestinal stem cell expansion and the regenerative response by YAP. Nature 2013;493:106-110. PMCID:PMC3536889
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  34. ^ The Ogino MPE lab ( http://ogino-mpe-lab.dana-farber.org （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） )
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  48. ^ Nishi A, Kawachi I, Koenen KC, Wu K, Nishihara R, Ogino S. Lifecourse epidemiology and molecular pathological epidemiology. Am J Prev Med 2015;48:116-119.
  49. ^ The world’s Most Influential Minds:2014 (存档副本. [2014-10-09]. （原始內容存檔於2014-10-07）. ) Thomson Reuter. Retrieved September 5, 2014.
  50. ^ http://www.faseb.org/About-FASEB/Who-We-Are/Governance/Board-Ordinary-Committees.aspx （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） Retrieved September 15, 2014.
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