鉛酸鹽

在化學中，鉛酸鹽（英語：plumbate）通常指一組化合物，可以視為假想的PbO2−
3陰離子的衍生物。該詞也可以指鉛的任何陰離子或其鹽。

例子

鹵代鉛酸鹽

([PbI
3]−
)
n、[Pb
6I
16]⁴⁻、[Pb
18I
44]⁸⁻等的鹽稱作碘鉛酸鹽。^[1]^[2]具鈣鈦礦結構的鉛半導體也有鉛酸鹽之稱。^[3]

鉛的含氧陰離子

鉛酸鹽由二氧化鉛（PbO
2）與鹼的反應生成。^[4]^[5] 鉛酸鹽可以含有六水合鉛(IV)酸根（又稱鉛酸根離子，[Pb(OH)
6]²⁻），或含有無水的PbO2−
3（偏鉛酸根）或PbO4−
4（原鉛酸根）。^[4]例如，將PbO
2溶於氫氧化鉀的熱濃水溶液會形成六水合鉛(IV)酸鉀，K
2[Pb(OH)
6]。將金屬的氧化物或氫氧化物與PbO
2共熱，或可以合成無水鹽。

得到最廣泛討論的鉛酸鹽是鉛酸鋇（BaPbO
3）的衍生物。往它注入鉍，替代鉛時，BaPb
0.95Bi
0.05O
3這個材料會在13 K出現超導現象。^[6]

鉛的二元氧化物

四氧化三鉛（紅鉛）是混合價態的氧化物，化學式為Pb
3O
4。它可以視作原鉛(IV)酸根鉛(II)，[Pb²⁺]
2[PbO4−
4]。三氧化二鉛（Pb
2O
3）也已知存在，結構為偏鉛(IV)酸根鉛(II)，[Pb²⁺][PbO2−
3]。^[4]

參考文獻

^ Krautscheid, Harald; Lode, Christine; Vielsack, Frieder; Vollmer, Heike. Synthesis and Crystal Structures of Iodoplumbate Chains, Ribbons and Rods with New Structural Types. Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions. 2001, (7): 1099–1104. doi:10.1039/b009488i.
^ Krautscheid, Harald; Vielsack, Frieder. [Pb18I44]8−–An Iodoplumbate with an Unusual Structure. Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English. 1995, 34 (18): 2035–2037. doi:10.1002/anie.199520351.
^ Yusoff, Abd. Rashid bin Mohd; Nazeeruddin, Mohammad Khaja. Organohalide Lead Perovskites for Photovoltaic Applications. The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters. 2016, 7 (5): 851–866. PMID 26885884. doi:10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b02893.
^ ^4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 Egon Wiberg; Nils Wiberg; Arnold Frederick Holleman. Inorganic chemistry. Academic Press. 2001: 920. ISBN 0-12-352651-5.
^ Newell, Lyman C.; Maxson. Lead Dioxide. Inorganic Syntheses. 1939, 1: 45–47. doi:10.1002/9780470132326.ch16.
^ Sleight, A.W.; Gillson, J.L.; Bierstedt, P.E. High-Temperature Superconductivity in the BaPb_1−xBi_xO₃ Systems. Solid State Communications. 1975, 17 (1): 27–28. Bibcode:1975SSCom..17...27S. doi:10.1016/0038-1098(75)90327-0.

外部連結

National Pollutant Inventory - Lead and Lead Compounds Fact Sheet

[1] Krautscheid, Harald; Lode, Christine; Vielsack, Frieder; Vollmer, Heike. Synthesis and Crystal Structures of Iodoplumbate Chains, Ribbons and Rods with New Structural Types. Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions. 2001, (7): 1099–1104. doi:10.1039/b009488i.

[2] Krautscheid, Harald; Vielsack, Frieder. [Pb18I44]8−–An Iodoplumbate with an Unusual Structure. Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English. 1995, 34 (18): 2035–2037. doi:10.1002/anie.199520351.

[3] Yusoff, Abd. Rashid bin Mohd; Nazeeruddin, Mohammad Khaja. Organohalide Lead Perovskites for Photovoltaic Applications. The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters. 2016, 7 (5): 851–866. PMID 26885884. doi:10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b02893.

[wiberg_holleman2001-4] 4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 Egon Wiberg; Nils Wiberg; Arnold Frederick Holleman. Inorganic chemistry. Academic Press. 2001: 920. ISBN 0-12-352651-5.

[5] Newell, Lyman C.; Maxson. Lead Dioxide. Inorganic Syntheses. 1939, 1: 45–47. doi:10.1002/9780470132326.ch16.

[6] Sleight, A.W.; Gillson, J.L.; Bierstedt, P.E. High-Temperature Superconductivity in the BaPb_1−xBi_xO₃ Systems. Solid State Communications. 1975, 17 (1): 27–28. Bibcode:1975SSCom..17...27S. doi:10.1016/0038-1098(75)90327-0.

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