帕马语族
外观
帕馬語族 | |
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地理分佈 | 澳大利亞昆士蘭州约克角半岛 |
谱系学分类 | 帕瑪-努干語系
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分支 |
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– | |
Glottolog | pama1251[1] |
帕馬語族(綠色)和其他帕瑪-努干語系(棕褐色) |
帕马语族属于帕瑪-努干語系,主要分布在澳大利亚昆士兰州的约克角半岛,最早由语言学家肯尼斯·黑尔提出。[2][3]
分类
[编辑]帕马语族能够被细分为以下几个语支: [4]
顺着东海岸分别为:
- 北约克角帕马语支 (Northern Paman and Umpila)
- 乌姆宾德哈姆语支 (Umbindhamu) (†)
- 拉马拉米克语支(Lamalamic): Umbuygamu (†), Lama-Lama (几近绝迹) (密切关联)
- 雅尔加拉瓦语支 (Yalgawarra) (分布于弗林德斯岛) (†)
- 雅兰吉克语支(Yalanjic): Guugu Yimidhirr, Gugu Yalandyi, Barrow Point (†)
- 姆拉里曼-古丁马语支(Mbariman-Gudhinma) (Gugu Warra) (内陆) (†)
- 迪亚布加逸语支(Djabugay) (†)
顺着西海岸分别为:
- 北约克角帕马语支 (Northern Paman and Umpila)
- 西南帕马语支 (Southwestern) (See)Gurdjar language
- 科克纳尔语支 (Kok Narr) (†)
- 诺尔曼-帕马语支(Norman Paman): 葛地爾語、丘森特語(密切相關)
- 古加迪语支(Gugadj) (†)
在内陆还有:
- Thaypan (Rarmul Pama, closely related): Thaypan (?Rarmul) (nearly extinct), Aghu Tharrnggala (†), Ikarranggali–Alungul–Angkula (†), Takalak (†)
- Southern: Agwamin (†), Mbabaram (†), Mbara (†), Walangama (†)
另见
[编辑]- 帕瑪-努干語系(Pama–Nyungan languages)
参考资料
[编辑]- ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (编). Paman. Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. 2016.
- ^ Hale, Kenneth L. Classification of Northern Paman Languages, Cape York Peninsula, Australia; A Research Report. Oceanic Linguistics (Oceanic Linguistics, Vol. 3, No. 2). 1964, 3 (2): 248–265. JSTOR 3622881. doi:10.2307/3622881.
- ^ Hale, Kenneth L. The Paman group of the Pama–Nyungan phylic family. Appendix to Languages of the World: Indo-Pacific Fascicle Six, by G.N. O'Grady, C. F. & F.M. Voegelin. Anthropological Linguistics. 1966, 8 (2): 162–197.
- ^ See Dixon (2002), pp. xxx–xlii.
參考文獻
[编辑]- Dixon, R. M. W. Australian Languages: Their Nature and Development. 2002.