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氰基磷杂乙炔

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氰基磷杂乙炔
IUPAC名
2-phosphanylidyneacetonitrile
别名 1,4-azaphosphabutadiyne; C–Cyanophosphaethyne; phosphinidyneacetonitrile; cyanophosphapropyne
识别
CAS号 74896-22-3  checkY
PubChem 12758601
ChemSpider 35786589
SMILES
 
  • C(#N)C#P
性质
化学式 C2NP
摩尔质量 69 g·mol−1
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

氰基磷杂乙炔是一种不稳定的分子,结构式为N≡C–C≡P,它为分子的一个氮原子被磷原子取代的产物,它可以以稀释气体的形式制备。它也是一种星际物质[1]其异构体尚属未知,可能有C≡N-C≡P(异氰基磷杂乙炔)、C=C=N≡P(azaphosphadicarbon)及N≡C-P=C(异氰基磷杂vinylidene)。[2]

该分子的对称性为C∞v[3]

制备

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氰基磷杂乙炔可由叠氮化氰磷杂乙炔加热反应得到;[4]或者通过乙腈三氯化磷反应产生:

CH3CN + PCl3 → NCCP + 3HCl.[5]

性质

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氰基磷杂乙炔分子的偶极矩为3.5 D,[4]这使得该分子比其他许多含磷的分子更容易被光谱检测。[4]它的微波谱已被观测到。[6][5]分子的键长为:C≡N = 1.159 Å,C-C = 1.378 Å以及C≡P = 1.544 Å。[4]

参考文献

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  1. ^ Agúndez, Marcelino; Cernicharo, José; Guélin, Michel. New molecules in IRC +10216: confirmation of C5S and tentative identification of MgCCH, NCCP, and SiH3CN. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 15 October 2014, 570: A45. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201424542. 
  2. ^ Pham-Tran, Nguyen-Nguyen; Hajgató, Balázs; Veszpre´mi, Tamás; Tho Nguyen, Minh. Theoretical study of cyanophosphapropyne (NCCP), isocyanophosphapropyne (CNCP) and their isomers: stability and properties. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. 2001, 3 (9): 1588–1597. doi:10.1039/b100463h. 
  3. ^ Kwon, Ohyun; McKee, Michael L. Theoretical Calculations on the NCCP Potential Energy Surface. The Journal of Physical Chemistry A. January 2001, 105 (2): 478–483. doi:10.1021/jp0031855. 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Cooper, Terry A.; Kroto, Harold W.; Nixon, John F.; Ohashi, Osamu. Detection of C-cyanophosphaethyne, N≡C–C≡P, by microwave spectroscopy. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1980, 0 (8): 333–334. doi:10.1039/C39800000333. 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 Bizzocchi, Luca; Thorwirth, Sven; Müller, Holger S.P.; Lewen, Frank; Winnewisser, Gisbert. Submillimeter-Wave Spectroscopy of Phosphaalkynes: HCCCP, NCCP, HCP, and DCP. Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy. January 2001, 205 (1): 110–116. doi:10.1006/jmsp.2000.8234. 
  6. ^ Bizzocchi, L.; Degli Esposti, C.; Thorwirth, S.; Müller, H. S. P.; Lewen, F.; Winnewisser, G. Rotational spectroscopy of C-cyanophosphaethyne, NCCP, in states of multiple vibrational excitation. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. 2001, 3 (17): 3490–3498. doi:10.1039/B102775C.