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瘦長人：修订间差异

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File:Slender Man graffitti.jpg
一幅於美國北卡羅萊納州雷利市的馬路上的森林暗鬼塗鴉。留意從暗鬼背後伸出來的觸手。這是暗鬼其中一種聲稱的形態。

森林暗鬼（英語：Slender Man），直譯可解作瘦弱的人引用错误：<ref>标签中没有内容，是一個源於美國的虛構都市傳說角色，於2009年創建。 originated as an Internet meme created by Something Awful forums user Eric Knudsen (a.k.a. "Victor Surge") in 2009. It is depicted as resembling a thin, unnaturally tall man with a blank and usually featureless face, wearing a black suit. Stories of the Slender Man commonly feature him stalking, abducting, or traumatizing people, particularly children.[1] The Slender Man is not confined to a single narrative, but appears in many disparate works of fiction, mostly composed online.[2]

Origin

The Slender Man was created on a thread in the Something Awful Internet forum begun on June 8, 2009, with the goal of editing photographs to contain supernatural entities. On June 10, a forum poster with the user name "Victor Surge" contributed two black and white images of groups of children, to which he added a tall, thin spectral figure wearing a black suit.[3][4] Previous entries had consisted solely of photographs; however, Surge supplemented his submission with snatches of text, supposedly from witnesses, describing the abductions of the groups of children, and giving the character the name, "The Slender Man":

We didn't want to go, we didn't want to kill them, but its persistent silence and outstretched arms horrified and comforted us at the same time…

1983, photographer unknown, presumed dead.

One of two recovered photographs from the Stirling City Library blaze. Notable for being taken the day which fourteen children vanished and for what is referred to as “The Slender Man”. Deformities cited as film defects by officials. Fire at library occurred one week later. Actual photograph confiscated as evidence.

1986, photographer: Mary Thomas, missing since June 13th, 1986.[4]

These additions effectively transformed the photographs into a work of fiction. Subsequent posters expanded upon the character, adding their own visual or textual contributions.[3][4]

Development

The Slender Man soon went viral, spawning numerous works of fanart, cosplay and online fiction known as "creepypasta": scary stories told in short snatches of easily copyable text that spread from site to site. Divorced from its original creator, the Slender Man became the subject of myriad stories by multiple authors within an overarching mythos.[2] Just five months later, callers into George Noory's Coast to Coast AM, a radio call-in show devoted to the paranormal and conspiracy theories, began receiving callers asking about the Slender Man.[5]

The first video series involving the Slender Man evolved from a post on the Something Awful thread by user "ce gars". It tells of a fictional film school friend named Alex Kralie, who had stumbled upon something troubling while shooting his first feature-length project, Marble Hornets. The video series, published in found footage style on YouTube, forms an alternate reality game describing the filmers' fictional experiences with the Slender Man. The ARG also incorporates a Twitter feed and an alternate YouTube channel created by a user named "totheark".[1][6] Marble Hornets is now one of the most popular Slender Man creations, with over 250,000 followers around the world, and 55 million views.[7] Other Slender Man-themed YouTube serials followed, including EverymanHYBRID and Tribe Twelve.[1]

In 2011, Markus "Notch" Persson, creator of the sandbox indie game Minecraft, added a new hostile mob to the game, which he named the "Enderman" when multiple users on Reddit and Google+ commented on the similarity to the Slender Man.[8] In 2012, the Slender Man was adapted into a video game titled Slender: The Eight Pages; as of August, 2012, the game has been downloaded over 2 million times.[9] Several popular variants of the game followed, including Slenderman's Shadow[10] and Slender Man for iOS, which became the second most-popular app download.[11] The sequel to Slender: The Eight Pages, Slender: The Arrival, was released in 2013.[12] Several independent films about the Slender Man have been released or are in development, including Entity[13] and The Slender Man, released free online after a $10,000 Kickstarter campaign.[14] In 2013, it was announced that Marble Hornets would become a theatrical film.[7]

Description

Because the Slender Man's fictional "mythology" has evolved without an official "canon" for reference, his appearance, motives, habits and abilities are not fixed, but change depending on the storyteller.[15] He is most commonly described as very tall and thin with unnaturally long, tentacle-like arms (or merely tentacles),[2] which he can extend to intimidate or capture prey. He has a white, featureless head and appears to be wearing a dark suit and tie. The Slender Man is associated with the forest and has the ability to teleport.[16][17] Proximity to the Slender Man is often said to trigger a "Slender sickness"; a rapid onset of paranoia, nightmares and delusions accompanied by nosebleeds.[18]

Reaction

The success of the Slender Man "legend" has been ascribed to the chaotic, ambiguous nature of the Internet. While nearly everyone involved understands on some level that the Slender Man is not real, the Internet offers up a mess of conflicting perspectives, blurring the boundary between fiction and reality and obscuring the character's origin, thus lending it an air of authenticity.[4] In 2011, only two years after the Slender Man's creation, an article in the Minneapolis Star Tribune described its origins as "difficult to pinpoint."[15] Victor Surge (real name Eric Knudsen)[19] has commented that many people, despite understanding that the Slender Man was created on the Something Awful forums, still entertain the possibility that he might be real.[16]

Professor Tom Pettitt of the University of Southern Denmark has described the Slender Man as being an exemplar of the modern age's closing of the "Gutenberg Parenthesis"; the time period from the invention of the printing press to the spread of the web in which stories and information were codified in discrete media, to a return to the older, more primal forms of storytelling, exemplified by oral tradition and campfire tales, in which the same story can be retold, reinterpreted and recast by different tellers, expanding and evolving with time.[16]

Professor Shira Chess of the University of Georgia has noted that the Slender Man exemplifies the similarities between traditional folklore and the open source ethos of the Internet, and that, unlike those of traditional monsters such as vampires and werewolves, the Slender Man's mythos can be tracked and signposted, giving a powerful insight into how myth and folklore form.[3] She describes the Slender Man as a metaphor for "helplessness, power differentials, and anonymous forces."[15] Similarly, Tye Van Horn, a writer for The Elm, has suggested that the Slender Man represents modern fear of the unknown; in an age flooded with information, people have become so inured to ignorance that they now fear what they cannot understand.[20] Troy Wagner, the creator of Marble Hornets, ascribes the terror of the Slender Man to its malleability; people can shape it into whatever frightens them most.[16]

Copyright

Despite his folkloric qualities, the Slender Man is not in the public domain. Eric "Victor Surge" Knudsen registered a copyright on the name "Slender Man" in January 2010.[5] Several profit-making ventures involving the Slender Man have unequivocally acknowledged Knudsen as the creator of this fictional character, and several more have been legally blocked from distribution (including the Kickstarter-funded film) after legal complaints from Knudsen and other sources.[19] Though Knudsen himself has given his personal blessing to a number of Slender Man-related projects, it is complicated by the fact that, while he is the character's creator, a third party holds the options to any adaptations into other media, including film and television. The identity of this option holder has not been made public.[19] Knudsen himself has argued that his enforcement of copyright has less to do with money than with artistic integrity; "I just want something amazing to come off it... something that's scary and disturbing and kinda different. I would hate for something to come out and just be kinda conventional."[5]

Purportedly inspired attacks

On May 31, 2014, two 12-year-old girls in Waukesha, Wisconsin, allegedly held down and stabbed a 12-year-old classmate 19 times; when questioned later by authorities, they reportedly claimed that they wished to commit a murder as a first step to becoming "proxies" (acolytes) of the Slender Man, having read about it online. One of the girls believed Slender Man watches her, can read minds, and teleport.[21] Thanks to the intervention of a passing cyclist, the victim survived the attack. The attackers were charged as adults and are each facing up to 65 years in prison.[22] In a statement to the media, Eric Knudsen said, "I am deeply saddened by the tragedy in Wisconsin and my heart goes out to the families of those affected by this terrible act." He stated he would be giving no interviews on the topic.[23] In the wake of the attack, the mother of a mentally disturbed 13-year-old girl in Hamilton, Ohio, said that her daughter had attacked her with a knife, and that she had written macabre fiction, some involving the Slender Man.[24]

See also

References

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Gail Arlene De Vos. What Happens Next?. ABC-CLIO. 2012: 162. ISBN 9781598846348. 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Romano, Aja. The definitive guide to creepypasta—the Internet’s urban legends. The Daily Dot. October 31, 2012 [2013-04-22]. 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Chess, Shira. Open-Sourcing Horror: The Slender Man, Marble Hornets, and genre negotiations. Information, Communication & Society. 2012, 15 (3): 374–393. doi:10.1080/1369118X.2011.642889. 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Dane, Patrick. Why Slenderman Works: The Internet Meme That Proves Our Need To Believe. whatculture.com. October 31, 2012 [2013-02-20]. 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Vogt, PJ; Goldman, Alex. #13 - Managing a Monster - On The Media. TLDR. January 30, 2014 [2014-06-04]. 
  6. ^ Peters, Lucia. Creepy Things That Seem Real But Aren’t: The Marble Hornets Project. Crushable. May 14, 2011 [2012-10-09]. 
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 McNary, Dave. 'Marble Hornets' flying to bigscreen. Variety. February 25, 2013 [2013-02-26]. 
  8. ^ Notch reveals new mob, dubs them Endermen in reference to Slender Man.. igx.com. 2011 [2013-02-21]. 
  9. ^ Marston, Gary. Slender review. explosion.com. 2012 [2013-04-22]. 
  10. ^ Polansky, Lana. Slenderman’s Shadow "Sanatorium" Map Released. Gameranx. August 20, 2012 [2012-09-09]. 
  11. ^ Senior, Tom. Slender Man Source mod will let you scare the hell out of yourself for free, with friends. PC Gamer. July 26, 2012 [2012-09-09]. 
  12. ^ Matulef, Jeffrey. Pre-orders for Slender: The Arrival are half-off, come with instant beta access. Eurogamer. February 11, 2013 [2013-04-03]. 
  13. ^ Standal, Jeanne. First Trailer & Poster For The Jadallah Brothers’ Horror Movie ENTITY!. FilmoFilia. December 22, 2012 [2013-02-20]. 
  14. ^ Gallagher, Danny. Slender Man Movie Producer Steven Belcher Wants to Create True Terror with the Faceless Figure. GameTrailers. October 12, 2012 [2013-02-20]. 
  15. ^ 15.0 15.1 15.2 Dewey, Caitlin. Who is Slender Man?. Boston Globe. June 3, 2014 [2014-06-04]. 
  16. ^ 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 Digital Human: Tales. bbc.co.uk. 2012 [2013-02-20]. 
  17. ^ Tillotson, Kristin. Tall, skinny, scary—and all in your head. startribune.com. April 27, 2011 [2013-02-23]. 
  18. ^ Stampler, Laura. The Origins of Slender Man, the Meme That Allegedly Drove 12-Year-Olds to Kill. time.com. June 3, 2014 [2014-06-04]. 
  19. ^ 19.0 19.1 19.2 Klee, Miles. How the Internet's creepiest meme mutated from thought experiment to Hollywood blockbuster. The Daily Dot. August 21, 2013 [2013-11-18]. 
  20. ^ Van Horn, Tye. Behind You: The Cultural Relevance of Slender Man. February 15, 2013 [2013-02-20]. 
  21. ^ Gabler, Ellen. Charges detail Waukesha pre-teens' attempt to kill classmate. Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. June 2, 2014 [2014-06-04]. 
  22. ^ Terry, Jermont; Kust, James. Girls charged in Waukesha stabbing motivated by 'Slenderman' character. WTMJ. May 31, 2014 [2014-06-03]. 
  23. ^ Wagstaff, Keith. 'Slender Man' Creator Speaks on Stabbing: 'I Am Deeply Saddened'. nbc.com. June 4, 2014 [2014-06-04]. 
  24. ^ Ashley Luthern. Ohio mom says daughter referenced Slender Man in knife attack. Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. June 9, 2014 [2014-06-09]. 

External links

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