罗俱维拉

罗俱维拉
罗俱维拉
	印度-斯基泰国王/总督
	北部总督罗俱维拉正面：国王胸像与希腊文铭文 BASILEOS BASILEON SOTEROS RAZU, "救主王中之王罗俱维拉". 背面：雅典娜左手引闪电束，右手举埃癸斯盾，佉卢文铭文 Chatrapasa apratihatachakrasa rajuvulasa "总督罗俱维拉无碍之轮 ". 这类钱币以印度-希臘王國统治者斯特拉托二世的铸币为原型.
統治	c. 10-25 CE
宗教信仰	祆教, 佛教

罗俱维拉 （希腊语：ΡΑΖΥ Razy；婆罗米文 : Rā-ju-vu-la, Rājuvula ; ^[4] 佉卢文 : 𐨪𐨗𐨂𐨬𐨂𐨫 Ra-ju-vu-la, Rajuvula ; ^[5] 𐨪𐨗𐨬𐨂𐨫 Ra-ja-vu-la, Rajavula ; ^[6] ^[7] 𐨪𐨗𐨂𐨫 Ra-ju-la, Rajula ^[8] ) 是一位印度-斯基泰大总督 ( Mahākṣatrapa )，是公元 10 年左右统治印度次大陆北部马图拉地区的“北部总督”之一。马图拉狮柱头正是在罗俱维拉统治下被建成并供奉的。在印度中部，印度-斯基泰人在公元前 60 年左右从印度统治者手中征服了马图拉地区。

姓名[编辑]

罗俱维拉的名字出现在一系列其发行的钱币上，其中包括以婆罗米文书写的Rājuvula和以佉卢文表示的Rajuvula ( 𐨪𐨗𐨂𐨬𐨂𐨫 ), Rajavula ( 𐨪𐨗𐨬𐨂𐨫 ),和Rajula( 𐨪𐨗𐨂𐨫 ), 它们均来自塞语单词*Rāzavara ，意为“亲政之王” ^[9]

印度-斯基泰时期的马图拉狮柱头，建于公元 1 世纪，提到了罗俱维拉和他的妻子（大英博物馆藏）。

人物经历[编辑]

一般认为，罗俱维拉入侵了位于旁遮普东部的最后一块印度-希腊王国领土，并取代了印度-希腊的末代国王斯特拉托二世和斯特拉托三世。罗俱维拉发行的大多数货币在形制和图案上均模仿了被他所取代的印度-希腊统治者的造币。

参考文献[编辑]

^ Goyala, Śrīrāma. The Dynastic Coins of Ancient India. Kusumanjali Prakashan. 1995: 40 [2023-02-06]. （原始内容存档于2023-02-06）（英语）.
^ Puri, Baij Nath. History of Indian Administration. Bharatiya Vidya Rhavan. 1968: 93 [2023-02-06]. （原始内容存档于2023-02-06）（英语）.
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 The Dynastic Arts of the Kushans, by John M. Rosenfield, University of California Press, 1967 p.135 [1]
^ Allan, John. Catalogue of the Coins of Ancient India. London: British Museum. 1936: cxiii, 185-191. ISBN 978-8-170-69057-3.
^ Fleet, J. F. Moga, Maues, and Vonones. The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland. 1907, 39 (4): 1013–1040 [4 October 2021]. JSTOR 25210494. S2CID 161830305. doi:10.1017/S0035869X0003690X. （原始内容存档于2023-02-06）.
^ Cunningham, Alexander. Coins of the Indo-Scythians. The Numismatic Chronicle and Journal of the Numismatic Society. 1888, 8 (3): 199–248 [4 October 2021]. JSTOR 42682595. （原始内容存档于2023-02-06）.
^ Gardner, Percy. The Coins of the Greek and Scythic Kings of Bactria and India in the British Museum. London: Gilbert & Rivington Ltd. 1929: 67. ISBN 978-0-900-83452-3.
^ Konow, Sten. Kharoshṭhī Inscriptions: with the Exception of Those of Aśoka. Kolkata: Government of India Central Publication Branch. 1929: 34, PLATE VII.
^ Harmatta, János. Harmatta, Baij Nath Puri , 编. History of civilizations of Central Asia 2. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishing House. 1999: 411. ISBN 978-8-120-81408-0.

[1] Goyala, Śrīrāma. The Dynastic Coins of Ancient India. Kusumanjali Prakashan. 1995: 40 [2023-02-06]. （原始内容存档于2023-02-06）（英语）.

[2] Puri, Baij Nath. History of Indian Administration. Bharatiya Vidya Rhavan. 1968: 93 [2023-02-06]. （原始内容存档于2023-02-06）（英语）.

[Rosenfield-3] 3.0 ^3.1 The Dynastic Arts of the Kushans, by John M. Rosenfield, University of California Press, 1967 p.135 [1]

[Allen-4] Allan, John. Catalogue of the Coins of Ancient India. London: British Museum. 1936: cxiii, 185-191. ISBN 978-8-170-69057-3.

[Fleet-5] Fleet, J. F. Moga, Maues, and Vonones. The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland. 1907, 39 (4): 1013–1040 [4 October 2021]. JSTOR 25210494. S2CID 161830305. doi:10.1017/S0035869X0003690X. （原始内容存档于2023-02-06）.

[Cunningham-6] Cunningham, Alexander. Coins of the Indo-Scythians. The Numismatic Chronicle and Journal of the Numismatic Society. 1888, 8 (3): 199–248 [4 October 2021]. JSTOR 42682595. （原始内容存档于2023-02-06）.

[7] Gardner, Percy. The Coins of the Greek and Scythic Kings of Bactria and India in the British Museum. London: Gilbert & Rivington Ltd. 1929: 67. ISBN 978-0-900-83452-3.

[Konow-8] Konow, Sten. Kharoshṭhī Inscriptions: with the Exception of Those of Aśoka. Kolkata: Government of India Central Publication Branch. 1929: 34, PLATE VII.

[9] Harmatta, János. Harmatta, Baij Nath Puri , 编. History of civilizations of Central Asia 2. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishing House. 1999: 411. ISBN 978-8-120-81408-0.

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