身份认同运动
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身份认同运动是泛欧民族主义者、極右派发起的一项社会运动，强调欧洲民族、白人文化和其领土所有权。它起源于法国，21世纪初扩展到其他欧洲国家，在北美[3][4][5]、澳大利亚和新西兰也有拥护者。它以德国保守革命的本体论思想为基础，其意识形态从1960年代成形，领袖包括阿兰·德·伯努瓦（Alain de Benoist）、多米尼克·温纳（Dominique Venner）、古尔纳美·法耶（Guillaume Faye）和雷诺·加缪。
认同主义者提倡泛欧民族主义、地方主義、种族多元主义、再移民或大替代，普遍反对全球主義、多元文化主義、伊斯兰化和欧洲以外的移民[6][7][8]。受新右派元政治的影响，他们不寻求直接的选举结果，而是要挑起长期的社会变革，最终实现文化霸权和民众对其思想的附和[9]。
2019年，它被德国联邦宪法保卫局定义为極右派[10]。美国南方贫困法律中心也认为其中许多组织都是仇恨团体。
参考文献[编辑]
- ^ Weiß, Volker. Nicht links, nicht rechts – nur national. Die Zeit. 2013-03-21. （原始内容存档于2013-07-17）.
- ^ Mrozek, Bodo. Unter falscher Flagge. Rechte “Identitäre” setzen auf Antiken-Pop. Die Geschichte ihrer Symbole dürfte ihnen kaum gefallen. PopHistory. [2021-12-10] （美国英语）.
- ^ Ebner, Julia. The Fringe Insurgency (PDF). Institute for Strategic Dialogue. 2017-10-24.
Identitarianism is a pan-European ethno-nationalist movement
- ^ White nationalists charter ship to catch Muslims in the Mediterranean. miamiherald. [2017-08-05].
White nationalists charter ship to catch Muslims in the Mediterranean... Generation Identity, whose members call themselves Identitarians
- ^ Antifa, alt-right, white supremacy: A glossary of terms to know. The Tennessean. [2017-10-20] （英语）.
Identitarianism: A white nationalist movement with roots in Europe, popularized in the United States in the last couple years through groups like Identity Evropa fliering college campuses.
- ^ Schlembach, Raphael. Against Old Europe: Critical Theory and Alter-Globalization Movements. Routledge. 2016. 134. ISBN 9781317183884.
- ^ Camus, Jean-Yves. Le mouvement identitaire ou la construction d'un mythe des origines européennes. Fondation Jean-Jaurès. 2018 [2019-08-16]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-03） （法语）.
- ^ François, Stéphane. Réflexions sur le mouvement "Identitaire". Fragments sur les Temps Présents. 2009.
This mixophobic discourse, that is to say the fear of ethnic mixing, can be found in their geopolitical vision ... [Identitarians] defend the idea of an ethnically homogeneous Europe ... [they] reject the nation-state in favour of a confederation of regions which have strong identities, inscribing themselves in the idea of a "great European imperial nationalism" ... This form of nationalism must therefore be understood in its European continental dimension and no longer in its national dimension, which is seen as having been inherited from the dubious philosophy of the French Revolution ...
- ^ Mudde 2019.
- ^ Staff. Identitäre Bewegung als rechtsextrem eingestuft. Deutsche Welle. 2019-07-11.
- Mudde, Cas. The Far Right Today. John Wiley & Sons. 2019. ISBN 978-1-5095-3685-6.
