長臂蝦科
長臂蝦科
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| 佩德森清潔蝦（Ancylomenes pedersoni） | |
科学分类 
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| 界： | 动物界 Animalia |
| 门： | 节肢动物门 Arthropoda |
| 亚门： | 甲殼亞門 Crustacea |
| 纲： | 软甲纲 Malacostraca |
| 目： | 十足目 Decapoda |
| 亚目： | 腹胚亚目 Pleocyemata |
| 下目： | 真蝦下目 Caridea |
| 总科： | 長臂蝦總科 Palaemonoidea |
| 科： | 長臂蝦科 Palaemonidae Rafinesque, 1815 |
| 亞科 | |
長臂蝦科（學名：Palaemonidae）是十足目真蝦下目長臂蝦總科的一個科，以下有兩個亞科：長臂蝦亞科（Palaemoninae）和隱蝦亞科（Pontoniinae）。當中長臂蝦亞科的成員都是肉食者，以較小的無脊椎動物為食，除了深海以外，幾乎在所有水體均有發現。當中最重要的品種要數沼蝦屬（Macrobrachium），因為它包括多種極具商業價值的物種，例如：淡水長臂大蝦（M. rosenbergii）。隱蝦亞科的物種則棲居於珊瑚礁中，與許多無脊椎動物有互利共生、寄生或片利共生的關係，包括海綿、刺胞動物門[1]、軟體動物門及棘皮動物門。本科物種包括日常在水體內為其他魚類吃掉其身上的寄生物和其他共生物的清潔蝦；雖然多半以碎屑為食，但也有少部分物種為肉食性並以獵食小動物維生。
分類
長臂蝦科之下有137個屬，950個品種[2][3]，分為以下兩個亞科[4][5]：
長臂蝦亞科
長臂蝦亞科 Palaemoninae Rafinesque, 1815
- Alburnia † Bravi & Garassino, 1998
- Arachnochium Wowor & Ng, 2010
- Bechleja † Houša, 1957
- Beurlenia † Martins-Neto & Mezzalira, 1991
- Brachycarpus Spence Bate, 1888
- Coutierella Sollaud, 1914
- Creaseria Holthuis, 1950
- Cryphiops Dana, 1852
- 白蝦屬Exopalaemon Holthuis, 1950
- Leander E. Desmarest, 1849
- Leandrites Holthuis, 1950
- Leptocarpus Holthuis, 1950
- 沼蝦屬Macrobrachium Bate, 1868
- Micropsalis † von Meyer, 1859
- Nematopalaemon Holthuis, 1950
- Neopalaemon Hobbs, 1973
- 長臂蝦屬Palaemon Weber, 1795
- 小長臂蝦屬Palaemonetes Heller, 1869
- Propalaemon † Woodward, 1903
- Pseudocaridinella † Martins-Neto & Mezzalira, 1991
- Pseudopalaemon Sollaud, 1911
- Rhopalaemon Ashelby & De Grave, 2010
- Schmelingia † Schweigert, 2002
- Tenuipedium Wowor & Ng, 2010
- Troglindicus Sankolli & Shenoy, 1979
- Troglocubanus Holthuis, 1949
- Troglomexicanus Villalobos, Alvarez & Iliffe, 1999
- Urocaridella Borradaile, 1915
- Yongjiacaris † Garassino, Shen, Schram & Taylor, 2002
隱蝦亞科
Pontoniinae Kingsley, 1879
- Allopontonia Bruce, 1972
- Altopontonia Bruce, 1990
- Amphipontonia Bruce, 1991
- Anapontonia Bruce, 1966
- Anchiopontonia Bruce, 1992
- Anchistus Borradaile, 1898
- Ancylomenes Okuno & Bruce, 2010
- Anisomenaeus Bruce, 2010
- Apopontonia Bruce, 1976
- Araiopontonia Fujino & Miyake, 1970
- Ascidonia Fransen, 2002
- Balssia Kemp, 1922
- Blepharocaris Mitsuhashi & Chan, 2007
- Brucecaris Marin & Chan, 2006
- Bruceonia Fransen, 2002
- Cainonia Bruce, 2005
- Carinopontonia Bruce, 1988
- Chacella Bruce, 1986
- Chernocaris Johnson, 1967
- Climeniperaeus Bruce, 1995
- Colemonia Bruce, 2005
- Conchodytes Peters, 1852
- Coralliocaris Stimpson, 1860
- Coutierea Nobili, 1901
- Crinotonia Marin, 2006
- Ctenopontonia Bruce, 1979
- Cuapetes Clark, 1919
- Dactylonia Fransen, 2002
- Dasella Lebour, 1945
- Dasycaris Kemp, 1922
- Diapontonia Bruce, 1986
- Epipontonia Bruce, 1977
- Eupontonia Bruce, 1971
- Exoclimenella Bruce, 1995
- Exopontonia Bruce, 1988
- Fennera Holthuis, 1951
- Hamiger Borradaile, 1916
- Hamodactyloides Fujino, 1973
- Hamodactylus Holthuis, 1952
- Hamopontonia Bruce, 1970
- Harpiliopsis Borradaile, 1917
- Harpilius Dana, 1852
- Holthuisaeus Anker & De Grave, 2010
- Ischnopontonia Bruce, 1966
- Isopontonia Bruce, 1982
- Izucaris Okuno, 1999
- Jocaste Holthuis, 1952
- Laomenes Clark, 1919
- Leptomenaeus Bruce, 2007
- Lipkebe Chace, 1969
- Lipkemenes Bruce & Okuno, 2010
- Manipontonia Bruce, Okuno & Li, 2005
- Margitonia Bruce, 2007
- Mesopontonia Bruce, 1967
- Metapontonia Bruce, 1967
- Miopontonia Bruce, 1985
- Neoanchistus Bruce, 1975
- Neoclimenes Mitsuhashi, Li & Chan, 2010
- Neopericlimenes Heard, Spotte & Bubucis, 1993
- Neopontonides Holthuis, 1951
- Nippontonia Bruce & Bauer, 1997
- Notopontonia Bruce, 1991
- Odontonia Fransen, 2002
- Onycocaridella Bruce, 1981
- Onycocaridites Bruce, 1987
- Onycocaris Nobili, 1904
- Onycomenes Bruce, 2009
- Orthopontonia Bruce, 1982
- Palaemonella Dana, 1852
- Paraclimenaeus Bruce, 1988
- Paraclimenes Bruce, 1995
- Paranchistus Holthuis, 1952
- Paratypton Balss, 1914
- Patonia Mitsuhashi & Chan, 2006
- Periclimenaeus Borradaile, 1915
- Periclimenella Bruce, 1995
- 岩蝦屬Periclimenes O. G. Costa, 1844
- Periclimenoides Bruce, 1990
- Philarius Holthuis, 1952
- Phycomenes Bruce, 2008
- Pinnotheronia Marin & Paulay, 2010
- Platycaris Holthuis, 1952
- Platypontonia Bruce, 1968
- Plesiomenaeus Bruce, 2009
- Plesiopontonia Bruce, 1985
- Pliopontonia Bruce, 1973
- Pontonia Latreille, 1829
- Pontonides Borradaile, 1917
- Pontoniopsides Bruce, 2005
- Pontoniopsis Borradaile, 1915
- Poripontonia Fransen, 2003
- Propontonia Bruce, 1969
- Pseudoclimenes Bruce, 2008
- Pseudocoutierea Holthuis, 1951
- Pseudopontonia Bruce, 1992
- Pseudopontonides Heard, 1986
- Pseudoveleronia Marin, 2008
- Rapipontonia Marin, 2007
- Rostronia Fransen, 2002
- Sandimenes Li, 2009
- Sandyella Marin, 2009
- 蓋隱蝦屬Stegopontonia Nobili, 1906
- Tectopontonia Bruce, 1973
- Thaumastocaris Kemp, 1922
- Tuleariocaris Hipeau-Jacquotte, 1965
- Typton O. G. Costa, 1844
- Typtonoides Bruce, 2010
- Typtonychus Bruce, 1996
- Unguicaris Marin & Chan, 2006
- Urocaris Stimpson, 1860
- Veleronia Holthuis, 1951
- Veleroniopsis Gore, 1981
- Vir Holthuis, 1952
- Waldola Holthuis, 1951
- Yemenicaris Bruce, 1997
- Zenopontonia Bruce, 1975
參考資料
- ^ Bos AR, Hoeksema BW. Cryptobenthic fishes and co-inhabiting shrimps associated with the mushroom coral Heliofungia actiniformis (Fungiidae) in the Davao Gulf, Philippines. Environmental Biology of Fishes. 2015, 98 (6): 1479–1489. doi:10.1007/s10641-014-0374-0.
- ^ Shane T. Ahyong, James K. Lowry, Miguel Alonso, Roger N. Bamber, Geoffrey A. Boxshall, Peter Castro, Sarah Gerken, Gordan S. Karaman, Joseph W. Goy, Diana S. Jones, Kenneth Meland, D. Christopher Rogers & Jörundur Svavarsson. Z.-Q. Zhang , 编. Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness (PDF). Zootaxa. 2011, 3148: 165–191 （英语）.
|chapter=被忽略 (帮助) - ^ Sammy De Grave, N. Dean Pentcheff, Shane T. Ahyong; et al. A classification of living and fossil genera of decapod crustaceans (PDF). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. 2009,. Suppl. 21: 1–109 [2013-02-05]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2011-06-06）.
- ^ Sammy De Grave. Palaemoninae. WoRMS. 2012 [2012-06-01] （英语）.
- ^ Charles Fransen & Sammy De Grave. Pontoniinae. WoRMS. 2012 [2012-06-01].
