口蘑属

口蘑属
	Tricholoma flavovirens（英语：Tricholoma flavovirens）
科学分类
界：	真菌界 Fungi
门：	担子菌门 Basidiomycota
纲：	伞菌纲 Agaricomycetes
目：	伞菌目 Agaricales
科：	口蘑科 Tricholomataceae
属：	口蘑属 Tricholoma; Fries
模式种
	Tricholoma equestre; (L.) P.Kumm.
物种
	见内文
异名
	Glutinaster Earle, 1909; Mastoleucomyces Battarra ex Kuntze, 1891; Megatricholoma G.Kost; Megatricholoma P.Karst.; Monomyces Battarra ex F.S.Earle, 1909; Phlebophora Léveillé, 1841; Sphaerocephalus Battarra ex F.S.Earle, 1909; Tricholoma (Fr.) P.Kumm.;

口蘑属（学名：Tricholoma）是伞菌目真菌一个散布于全世界的属，常见于树林。这些外生菌根真菌（英语：ectomycorrhizal fungus），与各种针叶树或阔叶树有共生关系。本属的学名源自希腊语的τριχος（trichos；毛发）和λωμα（lōma；边缘或边界）^[1]，尽管只有少数物种（例如Tricholoma vaccinum（英语：Tricholoma vaccinum））具有符合此描述的型态。

下属物种[编辑]

本属包括以下物种：^[2]

Tricholoma abietinum Velen.
苦口蘑 Tricholoma acerbum (Bull.) Quél.，酸涩口蘑
Tricholoma acicularum Velen.
Tricholoma acutistramineum Corner
Tricholoma aeruginascens Corner
Tricholoma aestivum Velen.
夏口蘑 Tricholoma aestuans (Fr.) Gillet
Tricholoma albatum Velen.
Tricholoma albidulum N. Ayala, G. Moreno & Esteve-Rav.
Tricholoma albidum Bon
白棕口蘑 Tricholoma albobrunneum (Pers.) P. Kumm.
Tricholoma alboconicum (J.E. Lange) Clémençon
Tricholoma alboluteum Velen.
Tricholoma albosquamulatum Beeli
白口蘑 Tricholoma album (Schaeff.) P. Kumm.
Tricholoma alpinum W.Aoki & A.Yamada^[3]
阿尔泰口蘑 Tricholoma altaicum Singer
Tricholoma amplum (Pers.) Rea
Tricholoma anatolicum H.H. Doğan & Intini
Tricholoma andinum E. Horak
Tricholoma apium Jul. Schäff.
Tricholoma argenteum Ovrebo
银盖口蘑 Tricholoma argyraceum (Bull.) Gillet
Tricholoma argyropotamicum Speg.
Tricholoma arvernense Bon
Tricholoma atro-olivaceum Rick
Tricholoma atrodiscus Ovrebo
Tricholoma atroscriptum Corner
黑鳞口蘑 Tricholoma atrosquamosum
Sacc.
- 黑鳞口蘑多鳞变种 Tricholoma atrosquamosum var. squarrulosum (Bres.) Mort. Chr. & Noordel. (≡Tricholoma squarrulosum Bres.)
Tricholoma atroviolaceum A.H. Sm.
橙柄口蘑 Tricholoma aurantiipes Hongo
Tricholoma aurantio-olivaceum A.H. Sm.
桔黄口蘑 Tricholoma aurantium (Schaeff.) Ricken
Tricholoma austrocolossus Grgur.
Tricholoma azalearum (Murrill) Murrill
假松口蘑 Tricholoma bakamatsutake Hongo，傻松口蘑
Tricholoma baldratianum Sacc.
竹生口蘑 Tricholoma bambusarum Corner
Tricholoma basirubens (Bon) A. Riva & Bon
Tricholoma batschii Gulden ex Mort. Chr. & Noordel.
Tricholoma betilonganum Corner
Tricholoma bezdeki Velen.
Tricholoma bisontinum Rolland
Tricholoma bonii Basso & Candusso
Tricholoma boreosulphurescens Mort. Chr. & Heilm.-Claus.
Tricholoma borgsjoeense Jacobsson & Muskos
Tricholoma borneomurinum Corner
Tricholoma bresadolanum Clémençon
Tricholoma brunneicirrus Corner
Tricholoma brunneosquamosa Beeli
Tricholoma bryogenum Mort. Chr., Heilm.-Claus. & Vauras
Tricholoma bubalinum (G. Stev.) E. Horak
Tricholoma bufonium (Pers.) Gillet
Tricholoma bulliardii Velen.
Tricholoma busuense Corner
布细口蘑 Tricholoma buzae Dennis
欧洲松口蘑 Tricholoma caligatum (Viv.) Ricken
Tricholoma carbonicum Velen.
Tricholoma carneoflavidum (Kalchbr.) McAlpine
Tricholoma cartilagineum (Bull.) Quél.
Tricholoma catulus E.H.L. Krause
Tricholoma cavipes Corner
Tricholoma cedretorum (Bon) A. Riva
Tricholoma cedrorum Maire
Tricholoma ceriniceps Pegler
Tricholoma cheilolaminum Ovrebo & Tylutki
Tricholoma chrysophyllum A. Riva, C.E. Hermos. & Jul. Sánchez
囊口蘑 Tricholoma cifuentesii Courtec.
灰环口蘑 Tricholoma cingulatum (Almfelt ex Fr.) Jacobashch
Tricholoma cinnamomeum (Murrill) Murrill
Tricholoma clavipes Riedl
Tricholoma clavocystis Musumeci & Contu
Tricholoma coffeaceum Velen.
Tricholoma collybiiformis Velen.
蜜环口蘑 Tricholoma colossus (Fr.) Quél.
银白毛口蘑 Tricholoma columbetta (Fr.) P. Kumm.，白毛口蘑
Tricholoma concolor (Delile) P.-A. Moreau, Bellanger & Courtec.
Tricholoma confragipes Iwade
Tricholoma cookeanum Bertault & Malençon
Tricholoma cordae Velen.
Tricholoma cortinatellum Singer
Tricholoma cortinatum Singer
Tricholoma crenulatum Horniček
Tricholoma crepidotoides Corner
Tricholoma crucigerum (St.-Amans) Sacc. & Trotter
Tricholoma cuneifoloides Arde
Tricholoma cutifractum Corner
Tricholoma cyclophilum (Lasch) Sacc. & Trotter
Tricholoma czuicum (Singer) Singer
Tricholoma dermolomoides Corner
Tricholoma diabolicum Rick
Tricholoma diemii Singer
Tricholoma distantifoliaceum E. Ludw. & H. Willer
Tricholoma distinguendum S. Lundell
Tricholoma dulciolens Kytöv.
Tricholoma duriusculum R. Schulz
Tricholoma durum Velen.
Tricholoma edentulum Velen.
Tricholoma elegans G. Stev.
Tricholoma elvirae Singer
Tricholoma eosinobasis Babos, Bohus & Vasas
油口蘑 Tricholoma equestre (L.) P. Kumm.，油黄口蘑 (异名：Tricholoma auratum (Paulet) Gillet)
直柄口蘑 Tricholoma evenosum (Sacc.) Rea
Tricholoma ezcarayense C.E. Hermos. & Jul. Sánchez
Tricholoma fagineum Velen.
Tricholoma fagnani Singer
Tricholoma farinolens E. Horak
Tricholoma ferrugineimelleum Corner
Tricholoma fiherensis L.M. Dufour & H. Poiss.
Tricholoma filamentosum (Alessio) Alessio
Tricholoma fissilifolium Corner
Tricholoma flammulaecolor Beeli
Tricholoma flavifolium Velen.
油黄口蘑 Tricholoma flavum
Tricholoma focale (Fr.) Ricken
Tricholoma foliicola Har. Takah.
Tricholoma forteflavescens Reschke, Popa, Zhu L. Yang & G. Kost
Tricholoma fracticum (Britzelm.) Kreisel
Tricholoma fractipes Velen.
Tricholoma frondosae Kalamees & Shchukin
Tricholoma fucatum (Fr.) P. Kumm.
Tricholoma fuegianum Courtec.
Tricholoma fulvimarginatum Ovrebo & Halling
栗褐松口蘑 Tricholoma fulvocastaneum Hongo
黄褐口蘑 Tricholoma fulvum (DC.) Bigeard & H. Guill.
Tricholoma fumidellum (Peck) Sacc.
Tricholoma furcatifolium Corner
Tricholoma fuscinanum Corner
Tricholoma fusipes E. Horak
Tricholoma fusisporum Singer
Tricholoma gallaecicum (Blanco-Dios) Blanco-Dios
Tricholoma gausapatum (Fr.) Quél.
Tricholoma glareosum Velen.
Tricholoma glatfelteri (Murrill) Murrill
Tricholoma goliath (Fr.) S. Lundell & Nannf.
Tricholoma goossensiae Beeli
Tricholoma graminicola Velen.
Tricholoma grande Peck
Tricholoma granulosum Lebedeva
Tricholoma griseipileatum Corner
Tricholoma griseoviolaceum Shanks
Tricholoma groanense Viola
Tricholoma grossulariodorum E. Horak
Tricholoma guldeniae Mort. Chr.
Tricholoma hathorae Velen.
Tricholoma hebeloma (Peck) Sacc.
Tricholoma hebelomoides E. Horak
Tricholoma hemisulphureum (Kühner) A. Riva ex Boffelli
Tricholoma henningsii Sacc. & Trotter
高地口蘑 Tricholoma highlandense Zhu L. Yang, X.X. Ding, G. Kost & Rexer
Tricholoma hirtellum Peck
Tricholoma holici Velen.
Tricholoma horakii Raithelh.
Tricholoma hortorum Velen.
Tricholoma humosum (P. Karst.) S. Imai
Tricholoma huronense A.H. Sm.
Tricholoma hygrophanum Velen.
Tricholoma ilkkae Mort. Chr., Heilm.-Claus., Ryman & N. Bergius
鳞盖口蘑 Tricholoma imbricatum (Fr.) P. Kumm.
Tricholoma impudicum Velen.
Tricholoma inamoenum (Fr.) Gillet
Tricholoma inocyboides Corner
绿皮口蘑 Tricholoma inodermeum
Tricholoma insigne Ovrebo
Tricholoma intermedium Peck
Tricholoma iputingaense Bat. & A.F. Vital
Tricholoma jalapense (Murrill) Murrill
Tricholoma jamaicense (Murrill) Murrill
Tricholoma joachimii Bon & A. Riva
Tricholoma josserandii Bon
Tricholoma khakicolor Corner
Tricholoma laricicola Velen.
草黄口蘑 Tricholoma lascivum (Fr.) Gillet
Tricholoma latifolium Speg.
淡紫褶口蘑 Tricholoma lavendulophyllum F.Q. Yu
Tricholoma leoninum Velen.
Tricholoma leucophyllum Ovrebo & Tylutki
Tricholoma leucoterreum Mariotto & Turetta
Tricholoma lilacinocinereum Métrod ex Bon
Tricholoma lobatum Velen.
Tricholoma losii Kavina
棕黄褐口蘑 Tricholoma luridum (Schaeff.) P. Kumm.
Tricholoma luteomaculosum A.H. Sm.
Tricholoma maculatipus Hongo
Tricholoma magellanicum (Speg.) Sacc.
美洲口蘑 Tricholoma magnivelare (Peck) Redhead
Tricholoma manzanitae T.J. Baroni & Ovrebo
Tricholoma marasmiforme Velen.
Tricholoma margarita (Murrill) Murrill
Tricholoma marquettense Ovrebo
松口蘑 Tricholoma matsutake
(S. Ito & S. Imai) Singer (异名： Tricholoma zangii Z. M. Cao, Y.J. Yao & Pegler)
- 台湾松茸 Tricholoma matsutake formosana Sawada
Tricholoma mauritianum Peerally & Sutra
Tricholoma megaphyllum Boud.
Tricholoma melleum Reschke, Popa, Zhu L. Yang & G. Kost
Tricholoma mensula Corner
Tricholoma meridianum A. Pearson
Tricholoma mesoamericanum Justo & Cifuentes
Tricholoma michiganense A.H. Sm.
Tricholoma microcarpoides Corner
Tricholoma minutissimum Corner
Tricholoma minutum Corner
Tricholoma mnichovicense Velen.
蒙古口蘑 Tricholoma mongolicum S. Imai
Tricholoma montis-fraseri Corner
Tricholoma moseri Singer
Tricholoma moserianum Bon
Tricholoma mostnyae Singer
Tricholoma multifolium (Murrill) Murrill
Tricholoma multipunctum (Peck) Sacc.
Tricholoma muricatum Shanks
Tricholoma muscarioides Reschke, Popa, Zhu L. Yang & G. Kost
毒蝇口蘑 Tricholoma muscarium Kawam. ex Hongo
Tricholoma muscorum Velen.
Tricholoma mutabile Shanks
Tricholoma naranjanum Dennis
Tricholoma nigripes Velen.
Tricholoma nigrum Shanks & Ovrebo
Tricholoma niveipes Peck
Tricholoma nobile Peck
Tricholoma oblongisporum Bissett
Tricholoma obscurum Velen.
Tricholoma ochraceorobustum E. Horak
Tricholoma odorimutabile Corner
Tricholoma olens Velen.
Tricholoma olgae Velen.
Tricholoma olidum Velen.
Tricholoma olivaceobrunneum Ovrebo
Tricholoma olivaceoflavum (Murrill) Sacc. & Trotter
Tricholoma olivaceoluteolum Reschke, Popa, Zhu L. Yang & G. Kost
Tricholoma olivaceotinctum Heilm.-Claus. & Mort. Chr.
Tricholoma olivaceum Reschke, Popa, Zhu L. Yang & G. Kost
Tricholoma oliveum Farl. & Burt
Tricholoma opiparum (Fr.) Bigeard & H. Guill.
粉褶口蘑 Tricholoma orirubens Quél.
Tricholoma orlosii Pilát
Tricholoma palustre A.H. Sm.
Tricholoma pampeanum Speg.
Tricholoma panicolor Corner
Tricholoma pannonicum Bohus
Tricholoma pardalotum Herink & Kotl.
豹斑口蘑 Tricholoma pardinum (Pers.) Quél.
Tricholoma parvisporum Corner
Tricholoma pascuum Velen.
Tricholoma patagonicum Singer
Tricholoma penangense Corner
Tricholoma permelleum Corner
Tricholoma persicinum (Fr.) Quél.
锈色口蘑 Tricholoma pessundatum (Fr.) Quél.
Tricholoma phoeniceum (P. Karst.) Singer
Tricholoma piceum Velen.
Tricholoma pilatii Velen.
Tricholoma plagiotum (Kalchbr.) McAlpine
杨树口蘑 Tricholoma populinum J. E. Lange
Tricholoma porta-dalveyi Corner
灰褐口蘑 Tricholoma portentosum (Fr.) Quél.，灰口蘑，灰褐纹口蘑
Tricholoma praetervisum Velen.
Tricholoma pratense Pegler & R.W. Rayner
Tricholoma preslii Velen.
Tricholoma primulibrunneum Corner
棘柄口蘑 Tricholoma psammopus (Kalchbr.) Quél.
Tricholoma pseudoargyraceum Velen.
Tricholoma pseudoimbricatum J.E. Lange & Terk.
Tricholoma pseudolimacium Velen.
Tricholoma pseudonictitans Bon
Tricholoma pseudoputidum Velen.
Tricholoma pseudorussula (Speg.) Sacc.
Tricholoma pseudosaponaceum Hásek
Tricholoma pullum Ovrebo
Tricholoma pulverulentipes (Murrill) Sacc. & Trotter
Tricholoma purpureiflavum Corner
Tricholoma pusillisporum Speg.
Tricholoma pygmaeum Velen.
Tricholoma quercetorum Contu
Tricholoma quercicola (Murrill) Murrill
假根口蘑 Tricholoma radicans Hongo
Tricholoma radotinense Pilát & Charvát
Tricholoma ramentaceum (Bull. ex Pers.) Ricken
Tricholoma rapipes (Krombh.) Heilm.-Claus. & Mort. Chr.
Tricholoma rauli Garrido
Tricholoma rhizophoreti Corner
Tricholoma rigidovelatum Raithelh.
Tricholoma rimosoides Dennis
Tricholoma robiniae Velen.
粗壮口蘑 Tricholoma robustum (Alb. & Schwein.) Ricken
Tricholoma romagnesii Singer
Tricholoma roseoacerbum A. Riva
Tricholoma rostratum Velen.
Tricholoma rubescens Velen.
Tricholoma rufenum P. Donati
Tricholoma rufulum R. Heim
Tricholoma rugulicinctum Corner
Tricholoma sanguinescens Velen.
皂腻口蘑 Tricholoma saponaceum (Fr.) P. Kumm.，皂味口蘑
Tricholoma scabrum L.M. Dufour
雕纹口蘑 Tricholoma scalpturatum (Fr.) Quél.
Tricholoma schustleri Velen.
褶缘黑点口蘑 Tricholoma sciodes (Pers.) C. Martín
黄绿口蘑 Tricholoma sejunctum (Sowerby) Quél.，丝盖口蘑
Tricholoma sericeum Rick
Tricholoma sienna (Peck) Sacc.
Tricholoma silvaticum Peck
Tricholoma singaporense Corner
Tricholoma sinoacerbum T.H. Li, Hosen & Ting Li
Tricholoma sinopardinum Zhu L. Yang, X.X. Ding, G. Kost & Rexer^[4]
Tricholoma sinoportentosum Zhu L. Yang, Reschke, Popa & G. Kost
Tricholoma smithii Ovrebo & K.W. Hughes
Tricholoma solitarium (Alessio) Contu
Tricholoma sparsifolium Velen.
盖突口蘑 Tricholoma spermaticum
Tricholoma sphagnicola Hruby
Tricholoma spongiosum Petch
Tricholoma stanekii Pilát
直立口蘑 Tricholoma stans (Fr.) Sacc.
Tricholoma stiparophyllum (N. Lund) P. Karst.
Tricholoma stipitirufescens Corner
Tricholoma striatifolium (Peck) Sacc.
具纹口蘑 Tricholoma striatum (Schaeff.) Quél.
Tricholoma subamarum Herp.
Tricholoma subannulatum (Peck) Zeller
Tricholoma subargillaceum (Murrill) Sacc. & Trotter
Tricholoma subaureum Ovrebo
Tricholoma subcerinum A.H. Sm.
Tricholoma subcinerascens Rick
Tricholoma subcinereiforme (Murrill) Sacc. & Trotter
Tricholoma subclytocybe Velen.
Tricholoma subcuneifolium Corner
Tricholoma subfuscum Velen.
Tricholoma subglobisporum Bon
Tricholoma subimbricatum Velen.
Tricholoma sublatum Murrill
Tricholoma subluteum Peck
Tricholoma subniveum Velen.
Tricholoma subresplendens (Murrill) Murrill
硫色口蘑 Tricholoma subsulphureum (Britzelm.) Sacc. & Traverso
Tricholoma subumbrinum A.H. Sm.
Tricholoma sudum (Fr.) Quél.
Tricholoma sulcatum Velen.
Tricholoma sulphurellum Rick
Tricholoma sulphurescens Bres.
Tricholoma sulphureum
硫色口蘑 Tricholoma sulphureum (Bull.) P. Kumm.
Tricholoma tanzanianum Pegler
Tricholoma tenacifolium Corner
纤细口蘑 Tricholoma tenue P.W. Graff
棕灰口蘑 Tricholoma terreum (Schaeff.) P. Kumm.
Tricholoma testaceum G. Stev.
Tricholoma thalliophilum Rob. Henry
虎斑口蘑 Tricholoma tigrinum (Schaeff.) Gillet
Tricholoma transmutans (Peck) Sacc.
Tricholoma tridentinum Singer
Tricholoma triste (Scop.) Quél.
Tricholoma tristiforme Kauffman
Tricholoma tucumanense Speg.
Tricholoma tumidum (Pers.) P. Karst.
Tricholoma turbinipes (Kalchbr.) McAlpine
Tricholoma uliginosum Velen.
Tricholoma ulvinenii Kalamees
Tricholoma umbonatum Clémençon & Bon
Tricholoma umbraticum Corner
Tricholoma unifactum Peck
Tricholoma urbicum Ferrarese & Zaffalon
Tricholoma uropus Corner
褐黑口蘑 Tricholoma ustale (Fr.) P. Kumm.
拟褐黑口蘑 Tricholoma ustaloides Romagn.
Tricholoma vaccinoides Pilát
红鳞口蘑 Tricholoma vaccinum (Schaeff.) P. Kumm.
Tricholoma vacini Velen.
Tricholoma venenatum G.F. Atk.
Tricholoma vernale Velen.
Tricholoma vernaticum Shanks
Tricholoma versicolor Velen.
Tricholoma vestipes Velen.
Tricholoma villosiparvum Corner
Tricholoma vinaceogriseum P.D. Orton
Tricholoma violaceibrunneum Corner
条纹口蘑 Tricholoma virgatum (Fr.) P. Kumm.
Tricholoma viridifucatum Bon
Tricholoma viridilutescens M.M. Moser
Tricholoma viridiolivaceum G. Stev.
Tricholoma weizianum Reichert & Aviz.-Hersh.
Tricholoma zangii Z.M. Cao, Y.J. Yao & Pegler
泽勒口蘑 Tricholoma zelleri (D.E. Stuntz & A.H. Sm.) Ovrebo & Tylutki，泽勒氏口蘑
Tricholoma zonatum Velen.
Tricholoma zvarae Velen.

参考文献[编辑]

^ Nilson, Sven; Olle Persson. Fungi of Northern Europe 2: Gill-Fungi. Penguin. 1977: 24. ISBN 0-14-063006-6.
^ Tricholoma (Fr.) Staude. GBIF. [2022-05-18]. （原始内容存档于2021-12-28）.
^ Wataru Aoki, Raymond Archambault, Jean Bérubé, Yves Lamoureux, Masaki Fukuda & Akiyoshi Yamada (2022) Tricholoma alpinum, sp. nov., under five-needle pines in alpine and subalpine zones in Japan, Mycologia, 114:1, 190-202, DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2021.2018889
^ Zhu L. Yang, Xiao-Xia Ding, G. Kost and K.-H. Rexer. 2017. New Species in the Tricholoma pardinum Complex from Eastern Himalaya. Phytotaxa. 305(1); 1–10. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.305.1.1

Marcel Bon : The Mushrooms and Toadstools of Britain and North-western Europe (Hodder & Stoughton 1987). ISBN 0-340-39935-X
Régis Courtecuisse, Bernard Duhem : Guide des champignons de France et d'Europe (Delachaux & Niestlé, 1994-2000). ISBN 2-603-00953-2

外部链接[编辑]

Mushroom Expert – The Genus Tricholoma（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Mykoweb profile of T. magnivelare
MYCOLOGY/bionet.mycology Archives（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

[nilper-1] Nilson, Sven; Olle Persson. Fungi of Northern Europe 2: Gill-Fungi. Penguin. 1977: 24. ISBN 0-14-063006-6.

[2] Tricholoma (Fr.) Staude. GBIF. [2022-05-18]. （原始内容存档于2021-12-28）.

[3] Wataru Aoki, Raymond Archambault, Jean Bérubé, Yves Lamoureux, Masaki Fukuda & Akiyoshi Yamada (2022) Tricholoma alpinum, sp. nov., under five-needle pines in alpine and subalpine zones in Japan, Mycologia, 114:1, 190-202, DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2021.2018889

[4] Zhu L. Yang, Xiao-Xia Ding, G. Kost and K.-H. Rexer. 2017. New Species in the Tricholoma pardinum Complex from Eastern Himalaya. Phytotaxa. 305(1); 1–10. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.305.1.1

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