詹姆斯·赫頓

詹姆斯·赫頓
James Hutton
詹姆斯·赫頓; James Hutton
	亨利·雷伯恩繪製的赫頓肖像，1776年
出生	1726年6月3日; 蘇格蘭愛丁堡
逝世	1797年3月26日（70歲）; 蘇格蘭愛丁堡
公民權	英國
母校	愛丁堡大學
知名於	火成論; 深邃時間; 蓋亞假說; 漸變論; 非整合
	科學生涯
研究領域	地質學
受影響自	約翰·沃克
施影響於	查爾斯·萊爾
備註
	法國皇家農業學會及愛丁堡皇家學會成員

詹姆斯·赫頓 FRSE（英語：James Hutton /ˈhʌtən/，1726年6月3日—1797年3月26日)，蘇格蘭地質學家、醫生、博物學家、化學家、實驗農場主。^[2] 他的理論主要是關於地質學和地質時期，包括了火成說和漸變論。赫頓的理論為現代地質學的發展奠定了基礎，因而常被稱為「現代地質學之父」。^[3]^[4]

生平[編輯]

1726年出生於蘇格蘭愛丁堡。畢業於愛丁堡大學，巴黎大學和萊頓大學。

參考文獻[編輯]

^ Russell McCormmach. Speculative Truth: Henry Cavendish, Natural Philosophy, and the Rise of Modern Theoretical Science. Oxford University Press. 2004: 29 [15 June 2012]. ISBN 9780195160048. James Hutton, a deist, believed that nature was self-sustaining, without need of ongoing help from God, and that the laws of nature were immanent in the world.
^ Waterston, Charles D; Macmillan Shearer, A. Former Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 1783–2002: Biographical Index (PDF) I. Edinburgh: The Royal Society of Edinburgh. 2006 [2014-08-31]. ISBN 978-0-902198-84-5. （原始內容 (PDF)存檔於2015-09-19）.
^ University of Edinburgh. Millennial Plaques: James Hutton. (Hutton's Millennial Plaque. [2014-08-31]. （原始內容存檔於2007-11-01）. 外部連結存在於|publisher= (幫助)
^ David Denby. Northern Lights: How modern life emerged from eighteenth-century Edinburgh. The New Yorker. Review of James Buchan's Crowded With Genius (Capital of the Mind in the UK). 11 October 2004 [2014-08-31]. （原始內容存檔於2011-06-06）.

擴展閱讀[編輯]

Baxter, Stephen (2003). Ages in Chaos: James Hutton and the Discovery of Deep Time. New York: Tor Books, 2004. ISBN 0-7653-1238-7. Published in the UK as Revolutions in the Earth: James Hutton and the True Age of the World. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN 0-297-82975-0
Dean, Dennis R. James Hutton and the History of Geology. Cornell University Press. 1992: 265 [2014-08-31]. （原始內容存檔於2014-02-22）.
Playfair, John. Biographical Account of the late James Hutton, M.D.. The Works of John Playfair, Esq.. vol. IV. Edinburgh: Constable. 1822.
Repcheck, Jack (2003). The Man Who Found Time: James Hutton and the Discovery of the Earth's Antiquity. London and Cambridge, Massachusetts: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 0-7432-3189-9 (UK), ISBN 0-7382-0692-X (US)

外部連結[編輯]

James Hutton.org.uk, links to James Hutton – The Man and The James Hutton Trail.
Biography of James Hutton (From: Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Ed., 1910–1911)
James Hutton and Uniformitarianism（頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館） (scroll down)
James Hutton's memorial in Greyfriars Kirkyard, Edinburgh
First Publication of Theory of the Earth
Accessible Historical Perspective on James Hutton. [2014-08-31]. （原始內容存檔於2006-05-08）.
Gould, Stephen Jay. B16: The History of Life: Source Book: 137, 138, 139, 140. [17 July 2014]. （原始內容存檔於2019-06-08）. |chapter=被忽略 (幫助)
James Hutton的作品 - 古騰堡計劃
約翰·J·奧康納; 埃德蒙·F·羅伯遜（英語：Edmund F. Robertson）, Hutton_James, MacTutor數學史檔案（英語）
WorldCat 聯合目錄中詹姆斯·赫頓的著作或與之相關的著作

[1] Russell McCormmach. Speculative Truth: Henry Cavendish, Natural Philosophy, and the Rise of Modern Theoretical Science. Oxford University Press. 2004: 29 [15 June 2012]. ISBN 9780195160048. James Hutton, a deist, believed that nature was self-sustaining, without need of ongoing help from God, and that the laws of nature were immanent in the world.

[Waterston-2] Waterston, Charles D; Macmillan Shearer, A. Former Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 1783–2002: Biographical Index (PDF) I. Edinburgh: The Royal Society of Edinburgh. 2006 [2014-08-31]. ISBN 978-0-902198-84-5. （原始內容 (PDF)存檔於2015-09-19）.

[MillennialPlaque-3] University of Edinburgh. Millennial Plaques: James Hutton. (Hutton's Millennial Plaque. [2014-08-31]. （原始內容存檔於2007-11-01）. 外部連結存在於|publisher= (幫助)

[Denby-4] David Denby. Northern Lights: How modern life emerged from eighteenth-century Edinburgh. The New Yorker. Review of James Buchan's Crowded With Genius (Capital of the Mind in the UK). 11 October 2004 [2014-08-31]. （原始內容存檔於2011-06-06）.

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