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用戶:Rahab/NT en

維基百科,自由的百科全書
Rahab/NT en
新臺幣 / 新台幣 (中文)
File:NT2000.gif File:NT50.jpg
$2000$50
標準代碼
ISO代碼TWD
使用地區
使用地Republic of China
貨幣單位
 1/10
Jiao, but no official translation
 1/100cent (分, Fen)
Subunits are rarely used
貨幣符號$ or NT$
別稱kuài (塊)
 角máo (毛)
發行面額
硬幣
- 常用:$1, $5, $10, $50
- 少用:$0.5, $20
紙幣
- 常用:$100, $500, $1000
- 少用:$200, $2000
發行製造
中央銀行Central Bank of China
- 網址:www.cbc.gov.tw
印鈔機構China Engraving and Printing Works
- 網址:www.cepp.gov.tw
造幣機構Central Mint of China
- 網址:www.cmc.gov.tw
貨幣估值
通脹率0.59%
- 數據來源:Central Bank of China, Jan-Nov 2006
- 測度指數:CPI

The New Taiwan dollar (Template:Zh-tp) (currency code TWD and common abbreviation NT$), or simply Taiwan dollar, is the official currency of the Republic of China within the areas of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, and Matsu since 1949. Originally issued by the Bank of Taiwan, it is now issued by the Central Bank of China since 2000.

Although the official English word for the currency is dollar, in Mandarin it is known as yuan (as with Chinese numerals, this character has two forms — an informal form 元 and a formal form 圓 used to prevent alterations and accounting mistakes). Colloquially, it is called a kuài (塊 lit. piece) in Mandarin or kho͘ (箍 lit. circle) in Taiwanese. Subdivisions of a yuan are rarely used, since practically all products on the consumer market are being sold at whole units of yuan.

History

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File:Taiwan 100 nt.jpg
A NT$100 note issued by Bank of Taiwan in February 1988. It was taken out of circulation on July 1, 2002, as it had been replaced by a new NT$100 note on July 2, 2001 issued by the Central Bank of China.

The New Taiwan dollar was first issued by the Bank of Taiwan in June 15, 1949 to replace the Old Taiwan dollar at a 40,000-to-1 ratio. The first goal of the New Taiwan dollar was to end the hyperinflation that had plagued Taiwan and Mainland China due to the civil war. A few months later, the ROC government under the Kuomintang was defeated by the Chinese communists and retreated to Taiwan.

Even though the Taiwan dollar was the de facto currency of Taiwan, for years the old Chinese Nationalist yuan was still the official national currency of the Republic of China. The Chinese Nationalist yuan was also known as the fiat currency (法幣) or the silver yuan (銀元), even though it was decoupled from the value of silver during World War II. Many older statutes in ROC law have fines and fees denominated in this currency.

According to the Regulation of exchange rate between New Taiwan Dollars and the fiat currency in the ROC laws (現行法規所定貨幣單位折算新臺幣條例), the exchange rate is fixed at 3 TWD per 1 silver yuan and has never been changed despite decades of inflation. Despite the silver yuan being the primary legal tender currency, it was impossible to buy, sell, or use it, so it effectively did not exist to the public.

In July 2000, the New Taiwan dollar became the official currency of the ROC and is no longer secondary to the silver yuan. At the same time, the Central Bank of China began issuing New Taiwan dollar banknotes directly and the old notes issued by the Bank of Taiwan were taken out of circulation.

In the history of the currency the exchange rate as compared to the United States dollar (USD) has varied from over 40 TWD per 1 USD in the 1960s to about 25 TWD per 1 USD around 1992. The exchange rate has been around 33 TWD per 1 USD in recent years.

Coins

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The denominations of the Taiwan dollar in circulation are

Currently Circulating Coins
Image Value Technical parameters Description Date of
Diameter Weight Composition Obverse Reverse first minting issue
NT$0.5 $0.5 18 mm 3 g 97 % copper
2.5% zinc
0.5% tin
Mei Blossom, "中華民國XX年"1 Value 1981
(Republic Year 70)
$1 20 mm 3.8 g 92% copper
6% nickel
2% aluminium
Chiang Kai-shek, "中華民國XX年"
NT$5 $5 22 mm 4.4 g Cupronickel
75% copper
25% nickel
Chiang Kai-shek, "中華民國XX年" Value 1981
(Republic Year 70)
NT$10 $10 26 mm 7.5 g
NT$20 $20 26.85 mm 8.5 g Ring: Aluminium bronze (as $50)
Center: Cupronickel (as $10)
Mona Rudao, "莫那魯道"2, "中華民國XX年" Traditional canoes used by the Yami tribe 2001
(Republic Year 90)
July 9, 2001[1]
NT$50 $50 28 mm 10 g Aluminium bronze
92% copper
6% aluminium
2% nickel
Sun Yat-sen, "中華民國XX年" Latent images of both Chinese and Arabic numerals for 50 2002
(Republic Year 91)
April 26, 2002[2]
這些圖片是以每3像素表示1毫米的比例顯示的。對於表格的範本,請參閱硬幣參數表英語Wikipedia:WikiProject Numismatics/Style/Currency_article#Specification_table

Coins are minted by the Central Mint of China, while notes are printed by the China Engraving and Printing Works. Both are run by the Central Bank of China. $0.5 is rare because of its low value. $20 is rare because of the government's lack of willingness to promote it.

Remarks

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  1. "中華民國XX年" = "Republic Year XX". "中華民國" is also the state title "Republic of China".
  2. "莫那魯道" = "Mona Rudao", anti-Japanese leader at the Wushe Incident.

Banknotes

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It is noted that the $200 and $2000 banknote are not commonly used. The exact reason is yet unknown. One plausible explanation is that these 2 denominations are new and it takes time for the people to get used to. Another likely cause is the lack of promotion from the government. Is it relatively easy for the government to disseminate these denominations through various government bodies that do official business with the citizens, such as the post office, the tax authority, or state owned banks. There is also a conspiracy theory against the Democratic Progressive Party, the ruling party when the two denominations were issued. The conspiracy states that putting Chiang Kai-shek on a rarely used banknote would "practically" remove him from the currency, while "nominally" including him on the currency would not upset supporters on the other side of the political spectrum that much (the Pan-Blue Coalition).

1999 Series
Image Value Dimensions Main Color Description Date of Remark
Obverse Reverse Watermark printing issue
$100 145 × 70 mm Red Sun Yat-sen, "The Chapter of Great Harmony" by Confucius Chung-Shan Building Mei flower and numeral 100 2000
(Republic Year 89)
July 2, 2001
$200 150 × 70 mm Green Chiang Kai-shek, theme of land reform and public education The Office of the President Orchid and numeral 200 2001
(Republic Year 90)
January 2, 2002
front
back
$500 155 × 70 mm Brown Youth baseball Sika Deer and Dabajian Mountain Bamboo and numeral 500 2000
(Republic Year 89)
December 15, 2000 without holographic strip
Dark brown 2004
(Republic Year 93)
July 20, 2005 with holographic strip
front
back
$1000 160 × 70 mm Blue Elementary Education Mikado Pheasant and Jade Mountain Chrysanthemum and numeral 1000 1999
(Republic Year 88)
July 3, 2000 without holographic strip
2004
(Republic Year 93)
July 20, 2005 with holographic strip
$2000 165 × 70 mm Purple FORMOSAT-1, technology Formosan landlocked salmon and Nanhu Mountain Pine and numeral 2000 2001
(Republic Year 90)
July 1, 2002
這些圖片是以每1像素表示1毫米的比例顯示的。對於表格的範本,請參閱紙幣參數表英語Wikipedia:WikiProject Numismatics/Style/Currency_article#Banknotes
當前 TWD 匯率
根據Google財經 AUD CAD CHF CNY EUR GBP HKD JPY USD CNY
根據新浪財經 AUD CAD CHF CNY EUR GBP HKD JPY USD CNY
根據雅虎財經 AUD CAD CHF CNY EUR GBP HKD JPY USD CNY
根據雅虎香港財經: AUD CAD CHF CNY EUR GBP HKD JPY USD CNY
根據Yahoo奇摩股市: AUD CAD CHF CNY EUR GBP HKD JPY USD CNY
根據XE.com​(其他語言 AUD CAD CHF CNY EUR GBP HKD JPY USD CNY
根據OANDA​(其他語言 AUD CAD CHF CNY EUR GBP HKD JPY USD CNY

See also

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Template:ChineseText

References

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  1. ^ 20元新硬幣亮相!. 大紀元. 2001-07-05 [2006-11-26] (Chinese). 
  2. ^ 郭文平. 新版50元硬幣 明發行. 自由時報. 2002-04-25 [2006-11-26] (Chinese). 
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News

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上一任:Old Taiwan dollar
原因: inflation
收兌比率: 1 new dollar = 40,000 old dollars
Taiwan (Republic of China)貨幣
1949
Note: After the communists took over most of China, the ROC government controlled only Taiwan and some offshore islands.
下一任:現行

Template:Taiwan related articles