綠色新政
綠色新政（Green New Deal，GND）是美國涉及解決全球變暖和貧富差距等問題的一系列立法方案。[1][2][3] [4]綠色新政的名稱來源自羅斯福新政，即富蘭克林·德拉諾·羅斯福為應對大蕭條而進行的一系列社會和經濟改革及公共工程項目。[5]綠色新政將羅斯福的經濟政策與可再生能源和資源效率等現代理念相結合。[6] [7]在20世紀70年代至90年代，環保運動人士就已提倡使美國經濟擺脫不可再生能源的經濟政策[8]。美國民主黨較支持綠色行政，而美國共和黨較為反對[9]。2008年10月22日，聯合國環境署執行主任阿齊姆·施泰納發佈了一項 "全球綠色新政 "倡議，旨在為 "綠色 "產業創造就業機會，從而促進世界經濟發展，同時遏制氣候變化。[10] 第一個以綠色新政為政治綱領的美國政治家是美國綠黨黨員霍伊·霍金斯，他在2010年競選紐約州長時提出這一綱領[11]。
參考文獻
[編輯]- ^ Whyte, Chelsea. Green New Deal proposal includes free higher education and fair pay. NewScientist. 2019-02-12 [2019-03-04]. （原始內容存檔於2019-04-26）.
- ^ Meyer, Robinson. The Green New Deal Hits Its First Major Snag. The Atlantic. [2019-01-31]. （原始內容存檔於2019-10-06）.
There's not a single, official Green New Deal. Much like "Medicare for All," "Green New Deal" refers more to a few shared goals than to a completed legislative package. (The original New Deal basically worked the same way.) Now a number of environmental groups are trying to make those goals more specific. But they're running into a snag: The bogeymen that haunted old progressive climate policies are suddenly back again. And the fights aren't just about nuclear power.
- ^ Harder, Amy. Why Al Gore is on board with the Green New Deal. Axios (website). 2019-12-13 [2018-12-13]. （原始內容存檔於2018-12-14）.
- ^ Stewart, Andrew. Sorry Democrats, the Green Party Came Up With the Green New Deal!. Counterpunch. 2018-11-11 [2019-05-08]. （原始內容存檔於2019-08-24）.
- ^ Jeremy Lovell (July 21, 2008) "Climate report calls for green 'New Deal'" （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）, Reuters.
- ^ A Green New Deal: Discursive Review and Appraisal. （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館） Macroeconomics: Aggregative Models eJournal. Social Science Research Network (SSRN). Accessed March 14, 2019.
- ^ Hilary French, Michael Renner and Gary Gardner: Toward a Transatlantic Green New Deal 互聯網檔案館的存檔，存檔日期2014-03-29. The authors state: "Support is growing around the world for an integrated response to the current economic and environmental crises, increasingly referred to as the "Green New Deal". The term is a modern-day variation of the U.S. New Deal, an ambitious effort launched by President Franklin Roosevelt to lift the United States out of the Great Depression. The New Deal of that era entailed a strong government role in economic planning and a series of stimulus packages launched between 1933 and 1938 that created jobs through ambitious governmental programs, including the construction of roads, trails, dams, and schools. Today's Green New Deal proposals are also premised on the importance of decisive governmental action, but incorporate policies to respond to pressing environmental challenges through a new paradigm of sustainable economic progress."
- ^ Cobb, David. Where are the Greens in the Green New Deal?. 進步 (雜誌). 2019-03-23 [2019-12-14]. （原始內容存檔於2019-05-28）.
- ^ Gustafson, Abel; Rosenthal, Seth A.; Ballew, Matthew T.; Goldberg, Matthew H.; Bergquist, Parrish; Kotcher, John E.; Maibach, Edward W.; Leiserowitz, Anthony. The development of partisan polarization over the Green New Deal. Nature Climate Change. 2019-11-18, 9 (12): 940–944. ISSN 1758-6798. doi:10.1038/s41558-019-0621-7 （英語）.
- ^ Eccleston, Paul. UN announces green "New Deal" plan to rescue world economies. 每日電訊報. 2008-10-22. （原始內容存檔於2012-09-22）.
- ^ Robert Harding. Syracuse's Howie Hawkins, a lifelong activist, is Green Party's nominee for president. auburnpub.com/The Citizen. 2020-07-11 [2020-11-16]. （原始內容存檔於2020-07-15）.