1-氯戊烷

1-氯戊烷
識別
CAS號	543-59-9
PubChem	10977
SMILES	CCCCCCl;
EC編號	208-846-4
性質
化學式	C5H11Cl
摩爾質量	106.59 g·mol−1
外觀	無色液體
密度	0,88 g·cm−3
熔點	−99 °C
沸點	108 °C
溶解性（水）	0.2 g/L
溶解性	混溶於乙醇和乙醚; 可溶於苯和四氯化碳; 易溶於氯仿
危險性
閃點	3 °C
自燃溫度	255 °C
爆炸極限	1.4-8.6%
相關物質
其他陰離子	1-氟戊烷; 1-溴戊烷; 1-碘戊烷
	若非註明，所有數據均出自標準狀態（25 ℃，100 kPa）下。

1-氯戊烷是化學式 C₅H₁₁Cl的氯代烴。

製備[編輯]

1-氯戊烷可以由1-戊醇和鹽酸反應而成。^[5]正戊烷和氯氣的反應也能產生1-氯戊烷，但也會產生異構體2-氯戊烷和3-氯戊烷。^[6]

性質[編輯]

1-氯戊烷是有甜味的揮發性無色液體，難溶於水。它的沸點是 107.8 °C。^[7]在氧氣存在的高溫或光照下，1-氯戊烷會分解，生成氯化氫、光氣和戴奧辛。^[1]

用處[編輯]

1-氯戊烷可用於溶劑、氣相色譜法、土壤消毒和其它1-鹵代戊烷的合成。^[1]它和氰化鈉反應，生成己腈。^[8]^[9]

參考資料[編輯]

^ ^1.00 ^1.01 ^1.02 ^1.03 ^1.04 ^1.05 ^1.06 ^1.07 ^1.08 ^1.09 Record of 1-Chlorpentan in the GESTIS Substance Database from the IFA（英語：Institute for Occupational Safety and Health）
^ Lewis, Richard J., Sr.; Hawley, Gessner G. Hawley's condensed chemical dictionary. Hoboken, New Jersey. 2007. ISBN 978-0-471-76865-4. OCLC 124039624.
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Lide, David R. (編). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 90th. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press（英語：CRC Press）. 2009. ISBN 978-1-4200-9084-0 （英語）.
^ ^4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 E. Brandes, W. Möller: Sicherheitstechnische Kenngrößen. Band 1: Brennbare Flüssigkeiten und Gase. Wirtschaftsverlag NW – Verlag für neue Wissenschaft, Bremerhaven 2003.
^ Copenhaver, J. E.; Whaley, A. M. N-Butyl Chloride. Organic Syntheses. 1925, 5: 27. doi:10.15227/orgsyn.005.0027.
^ Kalsi, P. S. Organic reactions stereochemistry and mechanism : through solved problems. New Delhi: New Age International (P) Limited, Publishers. 2006: 191. ISBN 81-224-1766-3. OCLC 144643822.
^ Rintelen, J. C.; Saylor, J. H.; Gross, P. M. The Densities and Vapor Pressures of Some Alkylbenzenes, Aliphatic Ketones and n-Amyl Chloride1. Journal of the American Chemical Society (American Chemical Society (ACS)). 1937, 59 (6): 1129–1130. ISSN 0002-7863. doi:10.1021/ja01285a050.
^ Smith, Michael, October 17-. Organic synthesis. London, United Kingdom. 2017: 548. ISBN 978-0-12-800807-2. OCLC 973486287.
^ Smiley, Robert; Arnold, Charles. Notes- Aliphatic Nitriles from Alkyl Chlorides. The Journal of Organic Chemistry (American Chemical Society (ACS)). 1960, 25 (2): 257–258. ISSN 0022-3263. doi:10.1021/jo01072a600.

[GESTIS-1] 1.00 ^1.01 ^1.02 ^1.03 ^1.04 ^1.05 ^1.06 ^1.07 ^1.08 ^1.09 Record of 1-Chlorpentan in the GESTIS Substance Database from the IFA（英語：Institute for Occupational Safety and Health）

[Lewis-2] Lewis, Richard J., Sr.; Hawley, Gessner G. Hawley's condensed chemical dictionary. Hoboken, New Jersey. 2007. ISBN 978-0-471-76865-4. OCLC 124039624.

[crc-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Lide, David R. (編). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 90th. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press（英語：CRC Press）. 2009. ISBN 978-1-4200-9084-0 （英語）.

[Brandes-4] 4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 E. Brandes, W. Möller: Sicherheitstechnische Kenngrößen. Band 1: Brennbare Flüssigkeiten und Gase. Wirtschaftsverlag NW – Verlag für neue Wissenschaft, Bremerhaven 2003.

[5] Copenhaver, J. E.; Whaley, A. M. N-Butyl Chloride. Organic Syntheses. 1925, 5: 27. doi:10.15227/orgsyn.005.0027.

[kalsi-6] Kalsi, P. S. Organic reactions stereochemistry and mechanism : through solved problems. New Delhi: New Age International (P) Limited, Publishers. 2006: 191. ISBN 81-224-1766-3. OCLC 144643822.

[Rintelen-7] Rintelen, J. C.; Saylor, J. H.; Gross, P. M. The Densities and Vapor Pressures of Some Alkylbenzenes, Aliphatic Ketones and n-Amyl Chloride1. Journal of the American Chemical Society (American Chemical Society (ACS)). 1937, 59 (6): 1129–1130. ISSN 0002-7863. doi:10.1021/ja01285a050.

[Michael_B._Smith-8] Smith, Michael, October 17-. Organic synthesis. London, United Kingdom. 2017: 548. ISBN 978-0-12-800807-2. OCLC 973486287.

[9] Smiley, Robert; Arnold, Charles. Notes- Aliphatic Nitriles from Alkyl Chlorides. The Journal of Organic Chemistry (American Chemical Society (ACS)). 1960, 25 (2): 257–258. ISSN 0022-3263. doi:10.1021/jo01072a600.

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