免疫衰老
外观
免疫衰老(英语:immunosenescence)是一种随着年岁的增长,免疫系统逐渐退化的过程。在2020年的一项研究指出,后天免疫系统比先天免疫系统更受老化影响。[1]免疫系统包括生物对感染及免疫的长期记忆。由年龄引起的免疫缺陷在长寿及不长寿的物种也存在。[2]
免疫衰老现象,已在猴子及老鼠等动物研究过 [3][4][5]。免疫衰老是一个导致老年死亡重大的原因。免疫老化,与株落失能和T-细胞灭绝, 是造成免疫系统失灵的重大原因。不过,T-细胞减少及株落失能仍有机会逆转,但截止2020年,没有任何方法及技术,可以逆转免疫衰老。[6][7]
免疫衰老,并不是一种随机的退化现象。相反,它似乎概括了一种逆向的演化模式。大多数受免疫老化影响的因素,似乎都受到遗传与基因的控制。[8]
参考文献
[编辑]- ^ Pangrazzi L, Weinberger B. T cells, aging and senescence. Experimental Gerontology. February 2020, 134: 110887. PMID 32092501. S2CID 211237913. doi:10.1016/j.exger.2020.110887.
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- ^ Letendre C, Sawyer E, Young LJ, Old JM. Immunosenescence in a captive semelparous marsupial, the red-tailed phascogale (Phascogale calura). BMC Zoology. 2018, 3: 10. S2CID 53496572. doi:10.1186/s40850-018-0036-3
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- ^ Crespo J, Sun H, Welling TH, Tian Z, Zou W. T cell anergy, exhaustion, senescence, and stemness in the tumor microenvironment. Current Opinion in Immunology. April 2013, 25 (2): 214–221. PMC 3636159
. PMID 23298609. doi:10.1016/j.coi.2012.12.003.
- ^ Zhang Z, Liu S, Zhang B, Qiao L, Zhang Y, Zhang Y. T Cell Dysfunction and Exhaustion in Cancer. Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology. 2020, 8: 17. PMC 7027373
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- ^ Franceschi C, Valensin S, Fagnoni F, Barbi C, Bonafè M. Biomarkers of immunosenescence within an evolutionary perspective: the challenge of heterogeneity and the role of antigenic load. Experimental Gerontology. December 1999, 34 (8): 911–921. PMID 10673145. S2CID 32614875. doi:10.1016/S0531-5565(99)00068-6.
参考
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