用户:人人生来平等/沙盒贰
非洲森林水牛
| |
|---|---|
| |
| 圣地亚哥动物园内的非洲森林水牛 | |
科学分类 
| |
| 界： | 动物界 Animalia |
| 门： | 脊索动物门 Chordata |
| 纲： | 哺乳纲 Mammalia |
| 目： | 偶蹄目 Artiodactyla |
| 科： | 牛科 Bovidae |
| 属： | 非洲水牛属 Syncerus |
| 种： | S. caffer
|
| 亚种： | 非洲森林水牛 S. c. nanus
|
| 三名法 | |
| Syncerus caffer nanus (Boddaert, 1785)
| |
非洲森林水牛（学名：Syncerus caffer nanus）又称矮水牛（dwarf buffalo）或刚果水牛（Congo buffalo），是非洲水牛中最小的亚种[1]，其与开普水牛（学名：Syncerus caffer caffer）、苏丹水牛（学名：Syncerus caffer brachyceros）和尼罗河水牛（学名：Syncerus caffer aequinoctialis）有亲缘关系，且该物种是唯一分布在非洲中部和西部雨林的非洲水牛亚种，而该雨林的年降水量约1,500毫米。[2]
简介[编辑]
非洲森林水牛是非洲水牛的一个小亚种，体重在250至320千克（550至710英磅）不等，[1]区分该物种和其他亚种的特征还包括其具有红棕色的外型、面部区域较深和牛角形状相较于其他亚种小等。[1][3]
特性[编辑]
非洲森林水牛栖息在西非和中非的热带雨林中，但沼泽、草原也都是其分布范围。
脚注[编辑]
- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Korte, Lisa M 2008，第115页.
- ^ Melletti, Mario, Penteriani Vincenzo & Mirabile Marzia 2007，第1312页.
- ^ Melletti M. and Burton J. (eds). 2014.
参考文献[编辑]
维基共享资源上的相关多媒体资源：人人生来平等/沙盒贰
- Bekhuis, Patricia D.B.M.; De Jong, Christine B.; Prins, Herbert H. T. Diet selection and density estimates of forest buffalo in Campo-Ma'an National Park, Cameroon. African Journal of Ecology. 2008, 46 (#4): 668–675. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2028.2008.00956.x.
- Blake, Stephen. Forest Buffalo Prefer Clearings to Closed-canopy Forest in the Primary Forest of Northern Congo. Oryx. 2002, 36 (#1): 81–86. doi:10.1017/S0030605302000121.
- Hoek, Yntze van der; Lustenhouwer Ivo; Jefferry Kathryn J.; Hooft Pim van. Potential Effects of Prescribed Savannah Burning on the Diet Selection of Forest Buffalo (Syncerus Caffer Nanus) in Lope´ National Park, Gabon. African Journal of Ecology. 2012, 51 (#1): 94–101. doi:10.1111/aje.12010.
- Korte, Lisa M. Habitat Selection at Two Spatial Scales and Diurnal Activity Patterns of Adult Female Forest Buffalo. Journal of Mammalogy. 2008, 89 (#1): 115–125. doi:10.1644/06-MAMM-A-423.1.
- Korte, Lisa M. Variation of Group Size Among African Buffalo Herds in a Forest-savanna Mosaic Landscape. Journal of Zoology. 2008, 275 (#3): 229–236. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2008.00430.x.
- Korte, Lisa M. Herd-switching in Adult Female African Forest Buffalo Syncerus Caffer Nanus. African Journal of Ecology. 2009, 47 (#1): 125–127. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2028.2008.00978.x.
- Melletti M.; Penteriani V.; Boitani L. Habitat Preferences of the Secretive Forest Buffalo Syncerus Caffer Nanus in Central Africa (PDF). Journal of Zoology. 2007, 271 (#2): 178–186. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2006.00196.x. hdl:10261/62369.
- Melletti, Mario; Penteriani Vincenzo; Mirabile Marzia; Boitani Luigi. Some Behavioral Aspects of Forest Buffalo (Syncerus Caffer Nanus): From Herd to Individual. Journal of Mammalogy. 2007, 88 (#5): 1312–1318. doi:10.1644/06-MAMM-A-240R1.1.
- Melletti, Mario; Penteriani, Vincenzo; Mirabile, Marzia; Boitani, Luigi. Effects of habitat and season on the grouping of forest buffalo resting places. African Journal of Ecology. 2008, 47: 121–124. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2028.2008.00965.x. hdl:10261/62295.
- Melletti, Mario; M. M. Delgado; Penteriani Vincenzo; Mirabile Marzia; Boitani Luigi. Spatial properties of a forest buffalo herd and individual positioning as a response to environmental cues and social behaviour. Journal of Ethology. 2010, 28 (#3): 421–428. doi:10.1007/s10164-009-0199-z. hdl:10261/62522.
- Melletti M.; Burton J. 2014. (编). Ecology, Evolution and Behaviour of Wild Cattle. Implications for Conservation (Cambridge University Press)..
|