林蛇属
外观
林蛇属 | |
---|---|
黄环林蛇(Boiga dendrophila) | |
科学分类 | |
界: | 动物界 Animalia |
门: | 脊索动物门 Chordata |
纲: | 爬行纲 Reptilia |
目: | 有鳞目 Squamata |
亚目: | 蛇亚目 Serpentes |
科: | 游蛇科 Colubridae |
亚科: | 黄颔蛇亚科 Colubrinae |
属: | 林蛇属 Boiga Fitzinger, 1826 |
林蛇属(Boiga),是蛇亚目游蛇科下的一个有微量毒素的蛇属,属下的蛇类有猫眼蛇、猫蛇、林蛇或棕树蛇等称呼。主要分布于东南亚、印度及澳洲,但由于牠们拥有坚韧的适应能力及生存能力,因此其分布地正向世界上其他适合的栖息地扩张。
主要物种
[编辑]截止2022年6月3日,根据reptile-database中的数据,本属包含37种:[1]
- 安达曼林蛇 Boiga andamanensis (Wall, 1909)
- 莱特林蛇 Boiga angulata (Peters, 1861)
- 甘加鲁瓦林蛇 Boiga barnesii (Günther, 1869)
- 贝氏林蛇 Boiga beddomei (Wall, 1909)
- 明古鲁林蛇 Boiga bengkuluensis Orlov, Kudryavtzev, Ryabov & Shumakov, 2003
- 鲍氏林蛇 Boiga bourreti Tillack, Ziegler & Khac Quyet, 2004
- Boiga buruensis Hoser, 2016
- 斯里兰卡林蛇 Boiga ceylonensis (Günther, 1858)
- 绿林蛇 Boiga cyanea (Duméril, Bibron & Duméril, 1854)
- 犬齿林蛇 Boiga cynodon (Boie, 1827)
- 黄环林蛇 Boiga dendrophila (Boie, 1827)
- 皮尔梅德林蛇 Boiga dightoni (Boulenger, 1894) [2]
- Boiga donagheyae Hoser, 2017
- 白点林蛇 Boiga drapiezii (Boie, 1827)
- 黄绿林蛇 Boiga flaviviridis Vogel & Ganesh, 2013 [3]
- 南亚林蛇 Boiga forsteni (Duméril, Bibron & Duméril, 1854)
- Boiga germainegreerae Hoser, 2017
- 东伽马林蛇 Boiga gokool
- 广西林蛇 Boiga guangxiensis
- 豪氏林蛇 Boiga hoeseli
- 棕树蛇 Boiga irregularis
- 碧玉林蛇 Boiga jaspidea
- 绞花林蛇 Boiga kraepelini
- 西红树林蛇 Boiga melanota
- 多带树蛇 Boiga multifasciata
- 繁花林蛇 Boiga multomaculata Boie, 1827[4]
- 黑头林蛇 Boiga nigriceps
- 颈斑林蛇 Boiga nuchalis
- 茶色林蛇 Boiga ochracea Theobald, 1868[4]
- 菲律宾林蛇 Boiga philippina
- 斜点林蛇 Boiga quincunciata
- Boiga ranawanei Samarawickrama, Samarawickrama, Wijesena et Orlov, 2005[5]
- 带林蛇 Boiga saengsomi
- 舒氏林蛇 Boiga schultzei
- 泰国林蛇 Boiga siamensis
- 塔纳詹佩阿林蛇 Boiga tanahjampeana
- 撒氏林蛇 Boiga thackerayi Giri, Deepak, Captain, Pawar & Tillack, 2019[6]
- 伽马林蛇 Boiga trigonata (Schneider, 1802)
- 尼科巴林蛇 Boiga wallachi Das, 1998
- 韦氏林蛇 Boiga westermanni
- 惠氏林蛇 Boiga whitakeri Ganesh, Mallik, Achyuthan, Shanker & Vogel, 2021 [2]
特性与行为
[编辑]林蛇普遍体型较幼瘦,体长较长,头部及眼睛比例较大,有多种颜色及体纹。大部分林蛇体纹都呈带状,也有部分林蛇体纹以斑点为主或无体纹。颜色方面,林蛇有黑色、棕色、绿色、白色及黄色各种。另外,林蛇属卵生动物。
林蛇一般栖息于树木上,属夜行性动物,以猎食蜥蜴、鸟类及鼠类动物为主要食物。牠们的毒性因应品种而异,但一般不认为其毒素是对人类有危险的致命性。
参考文献
[编辑]- ^ Reptarium.cz Reptile Database 中的 Boiga
- ^ 2.0 2.1 Surya Narayanan, Sandeep Das, Y. Muhammed Anvar, Frank Tillack, Pratyush P. Mohapatra, David J. Gower, K. P. Rajkumar and V. Deepak. 2023. On the Taxonomic Validity of Boiga whitakeri Ganesh et al., 2021 with New insights on Boiga dightoni (Boulenger, 1894) (Reptilia: Squamata: Colubridae). Vertebrate Zoology 73: 1-21. DOI: 10.3897/vz.73.e97002
- ^ Vogel, Gernot and S. r. Ganesh. 2013. A New Species of Cat Snake (Reptilia: Serpentes: Colubridae: Boiga) from Dry Forests of eastern Peninsular India. Zootaxa. 3637(2): 158-168.
- ^ 4.0 4.1 Gunther Köhler, Panupong Thammachoti Charunrochana, Linda Mogk, Ni Lar Than, Nia Kurniawan, Ahmad Muammar Kadafi, Abhijit Das, Frank Tillack and Mark O'Shea. 2023. A Taxonomic Revision of Boiga multomaculata (Boie, 1827) and B. ochracea (Theobald, 1868), with the Description of A New Subspecies (Squamata, Serpentes, Colubridae). Zootaxa. 5270(2); 151-193. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5270.2.1, http://Researchgate.net/publication/370133784_A_taxonomic_revision_of_Boiga_multomaculata_and_B_ochracea, http://facebook.com/100088301342746/posts/175934658693245, http://facebook.com/TMMTwildlife/posts/195000870013852
- ^ S. R. Ganesh, V. A. M. P. K. Samarawickrama, Aishwarya J. Urs, Achyuthan N. Srikanthan and Omkar Dilip Adhikari. 2022. Resurrection of Boiga ranawanei Samarawickrama, Samarawickrama, Wijesena et Orlov, 2005, with Expanded Descriptions and Species Distribution Modelling of Some Indian Taxa of the B. ceylonensis Group (Reptilia: Colubridae). Russian Journal of Herpetology. 29(6);341-354. DOI: 10.30906/1026-2296-2022-29-6-341-354
- ^ Varad B. Giri, V. Deepak, Ashok Captain, Swapnil Pawar and Frank Tillack. 2019. A New Species of Boiga Fitzinger, 1826 (Serpentes: Colubridae) from The Northern Western Ghats of India. Journal of Bombay Natural History Society. 116. DOI: 10.17087/jbnhs/2019/v116/144901
外部链接
[编辑]- (英文)爬虫类数据库:猫眼蛇属 (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- (英文)关于东方棕树蛇 (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- (英文)Gernot-Vogel.de: 猫眼蛇属名单 (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)