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乙型冠狀病毒1型

維基百科，自由的百科全書
乙型冠狀病毒1型
病毒分類 編輯
（未分級）： 病毒 Virus
域： 核糖病毒域 Riboviria
界： 正核糖病毒界 Orthornavirae
門： 小核糖病毒門 Pisuviricota
綱： 小南嵌套病毒綱 Pisoniviricetes
目： 套式病毒目 Nidovirales
科： 冠狀病毒科 Coronaviridae
屬： 乙型冠狀病毒屬 Betacoronavirus
種：
乙型冠狀病毒1型 Betacoronavirus 1
病毒

乙型冠狀病毒1型（Betacoronavirus 1、β1CoV）是乙型冠狀病毒屬的一個種，包含多種病毒，分別可感染人類、牛與豬等動物，造成人類普通感冒的人類冠狀病毒OC43即屬於乙型冠狀病毒1型[6]。

乙型冠狀病毒屬1型的病毒皆以9-O-乙醯基唾液酸（9-O-acetylated sialic acids、9-O-Ac-Sias）為受體感染細胞[7]。這些病毒的宿主範圍通常相當狹小，很少發生跨物種感染[6]。

乙型冠狀病毒屬中，乙型冠狀病毒1型、兔冠狀病毒HKU14、中國鼠冠狀病毒HKU24、鼠冠狀病毒、人類冠狀病毒HKU1等共同組成一演化支支序A（lineage A），此演化支的病毒基因組中皆編碼血細胞凝集素酯酶（英語：Hemagglutinin esterase）（HE），其他冠狀病毒則無[8][9]，其中在大鼠中發現的中國鼠冠狀病毒HKU24可能是乙型冠狀病毒屬1型的姊妹群，顯示乙型冠狀病毒屬1型最早可能是由鼠類病毒演化而來[9]。

參考文獻

[編輯]
  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 de Groot, Raoul J.; et al. Revision of the family Coronaviridae (PDF). International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV): 18. 2009 [23 January 2020]. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2019-02-07） （英語）. A new species, Betacoronavirus 1, is proposed to accommodate previously established Betacoronavirus species of humans, cattle, swine and horses (Human enteric coronavirus; Human coronavirus OC43; Bovine coronavirus; Porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus; Equine coronavirus) and a newly recognized virus of dogs (canine respiratory coronavirus; Erles et al., 2007) 
  2. ^ Lau, S.K.P.; Tsang, A.K.L.; Shakeel Ahmed, S.; Mahbub Alam, M.; Ahmed, Z.; Wong, P.-C.; Yuen, K.-Y.; Woo, P.C.Y. First genome sequences of buffalo coronavirus from water buffaloes in Bangladesh. New Microbes and New Infections. 2016, 11: 54–56. ISSN 2052-2975. doi:10.1016/j.nmni.2016.02.011. 
  3. ^ ICTV 5th Report Francki, R. I. B., Fauquet, C. M., Knudson, D. L. & Brown, F. (eds)(1991). Classification and nomenclature of viruses. Fifthreport of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Archives of Virology Supplementum 2, 452 pp. https://talk.ictvonline.org/ictv/proposals/ICTV%205th%20Report.pdf （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
  4. ^ Lu, Shuai; Wang, Yanqun; Chen, Yingzhu; Wu, Bingjie; Qin, Kun; Zhao, Jincun; Lou, Yongliang; Tan, Wenjie. Discovery of a novel canine respiratory coronavirus support genetic recombination among betacoronavirus1. Virus Research. 2017, 237: 7–13. ISSN 0168-1702. doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2017.05.006. 
  5. ^ Wang, Wen; Lin, Xian-Dan; Guo, Wen-Ping; Zhou, Run-Hong; Wang, Miao-Ruo; Wang, Cai-Qiao; Ge, Shuang; Mei, Sheng-Hua; Li, Ming-Hui; Shi, Mang; Holmes, Edward C.; Zhang, Yong-Zhen. Discovery, diversity and evolution of novel coronaviruses sampled from rodents in China. Virology. 2015, 474: 19–27. ISSN 0042-6822. doi:10.1016/j.virol.2014.10.017. 
  6. ^ 6.0 6.1 Bakkers, Mark J.G.; Lang, Yifei; Feitsma, Louris J.; Hulswit, Ruben J.G.; de Poot, Stefanie A.H.; van Vliet, Arno L.W.; Margine, Irina; de Groot-Mijnes, Jolanda D.F.; van Kuppeveld, Frank J.M.; Langereis, Martijn A.; Huizinga, Eric G.; de Groot, Raoul J. Betacoronavirus Adaptation to Humans Involved Progressive Loss of Hemagglutinin-Esterase Lectin Activity. Cell Host & Microbe. 2017, 21 (3): 356–366. ISSN 1931-3128. doi:10.1016/j.chom.2017.02.008. 
  7. ^ Li, Fang. Structure, Function, and Evolution of Coronavirus Spike Proteins. Annual Review of Virology. 2016, 3 (1): 237–261. ISSN 2327-056X. doi:10.1146/annurev-virology-110615-042301. 
  8. ^ Woo, Patrick C. Y.; Huang, Yi; Lau, Susanna K. P.; Yuen, Kwok-Yung. Coronavirus Genomics and Bioinformatics Analysis. Viruses. 2010-08-24, 2 (8): 1804–1820. ISSN 1999-4915. PMC 3185738 可免費查閱. PMID 21994708. doi:10.3390/v2081803. In all members of Betacoronavirus subgroup A, a haemagglutinin esterase (HE) gene, which encodes a glycoprotein with neuraminate O-acetyl-esterase activity and the active site FGDS, is present downstream to ORF1ab and upstream to S gene (Figure 1). 
  9. ^ 9.0 9.1 Lau, Susanna K. P.; Woo, Patrick C. Y.; Li, Kenneth S. M.; Tsang, Alan K. L.; Fan, Rachel Y. Y.; Luk, Hayes K. H.; Cai, Jian-Piao; Chan, Kwok-Hung; Zheng, Bo-Jian; Wang, Ming; Yuen, Kwok-Yung; Sandri-Goldin, R. M. Discovery of a Novel Coronavirus, China Rattus Coronavirus HKU24, from Norway Rats Supports the Murine Origin of Betacoronavirus 1 and Has Implications for the Ancestor of Betacoronavirus Lineage A. Journal of Virology. 2015, 89 (6): 3076–3092. ISSN 0022-538X. doi:10.1128/JVI.02420-14. 
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