特雷西恩施塔特隔都

特雷西恩施塔特的建築

特雷西恩施塔特隔都是二戰期間，黨衛隊在波希米亞和摩拉維亞保護國的要塞城鎮泰雷津建立的猶太人隔都。該猶太人隔都是通往各滅絕營路上的經停點。德方曾故意惡化隔離區中的條件，加快被囚者的死亡速度，這座隔都還扮演過一定的政治宣傳角色。

1941年11月，捷克猶太人被運送至特雷西恩施塔特隔都所在區域，隔都由此興建起來。首批德國和奧地利猶太人於1942年6月抵達；1943年初，荷蘭和丹麥猶太人也被運來；在戰爭的最後幾個月里，更多國籍的囚犯被送入特雷西恩施塔特隔都。共有大約33000人死在特雷西恩施塔特，其中大部分死於營養不良和疾病。曾有逾88000人在被送入滅絕營等其他殺戮設施前曾在特雷西恩施塔特隔都被關押幾個月乃至幾年。

特雷西恩施塔特隔都中的文化生活相對豐富，這也是該隔離區的特點之一，這裡的文化生活包括音樂會、課程宣講、兒童秘密教育。隔都被猶太人自治管理。特雷西恩施塔特隔都留下的精神遺產吸引了學者們的關注，激起了人們對這座隔都的興趣。戰後，幾名曾工作於特雷西恩施塔特隔都的黨衛隊人員和捷克警衛曾出庭受審，但蘇聯當局基本遺忘了這座猶太人隔離區。

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