旋蝸牛亞目

旋蝸牛亞目
	屬於旋蝸牛亞目的不同物種
科學分類
界：	動物界 Animalia
門：	軟體動物門 Mollusca
綱：	腹足綱 Gastropoda
目：	柄眼目 Stylommatophora
亞目：	旋蝸牛亞目 Helicina; Rafinesque, 1815
異名
	Sigmurethra;

旋蝸牛亞目（學名：Helicina），舊作彎尿道亞目或曲輸尿管亞目，是腹足綱異鰓亞綱的真有肺總目柄眼目之下一個新建立的亞目分類單元^[3]。其成員主要為過往2005年《布歇特和洛克羅伊的腹足類分類》的彎尿道類非正式群組^[4]。

分類

2005年分類

根據2005年《布歇特和洛克羅伊的腹足類分類》，彎尿道類非正式群組包括下列各總科^[4]^[5]：

煙管蝸牛總科（Clausilioidea）
- 煙管蝸牛科（Clausiliidae）
- Anadromidae（已滅絕）
- Filholiidae（已滅絕）
- Palaeostoidae（已滅絕）
彩帶螺超科（Orthalicoidea）
- 彩帶螺科（Orthalicidae）
- 蜂窩蝸牛科（Cerionidae）
- Coelociontidae
- Grangerellidae（已滅絕）
- Megaspiridae
- Placostylidae
- 尾刺螺科（Urocoptidae）
非洲大蝸牛總科 Achatinoidea：又名瑪瑙螺超科。
- 非洲大蝸牛科 Achatinidae：又名瑪瑙螺科。
- Cecilioididae?
- 科 Ferussaciidae
- 科 Micractaeonidae
- 鑽頭螺科（Subulinidae）
愛麗蛞蝓超科（Aillyoidea）
- 愛麗蛞蝓科（Aillyidae）
小殼螺超科（Testacelloidea）
- 小殼蛞蝓科（Testacellidae）
- 橡子螺科（Oleacinidae）
- 旋軸螺科（Spiraxidae）
Superfamily Papillodermatoidea（？）
- Family Papillodermatidae（？）
扭軸蝸牛總科（Streptaxoidea）
- 扭軸蝸牛科（Streptaxidae）
彩釉蝸牛總科（Rhytidoidea）
- 彩釉蝸牛科（Rhytididae）
- 斗蓬螺科（Chlamydephoridae）
- 單孔螺科（Haplotrematidae）
- Scolodontidae
紅蝸牛超科（Acavoidea）
- 針狀螺科（Acavidae）
- 硬殼螺科（Caryodidae）
- 羚管螺科（Dorcasiidae）
- Macrocyclidae：只有Macrocyclis一個屬。
- Megomphicidae
- 玫瑰口蝸牛科（Strophocheilidae）
總科 Plectopyloidea
- 圈螺科 Plectopylidae Möllendorff, 1898
  - Chersaecia Gude, 1899
  - 內板螺屬 Endothyrella Zilch, 1960
  - 顧圈螺屬 Gudeodiscus Páll-Gergely, 2013
  - Halongella Páll-Gergely, 2015
  - 匈圈螺屬 Hunyadiscus Páll-Gergely, 2016
  - Naggsia Páll-Gergely & Muratov, 2016
  - 圈螺屬 Plectopylis W.H.Benson, 1860
  - Plectopyloides Yen, 1969
  - 微圈螺屬 Sicradiscus Páll-Gergely, 2013
  - 華圈螺屬 Sinicola Gude, 1899
- 螄蝸牛科 Corillidae
- 科 Sculptariidae
粟蝸牛超科（Punctoidea）
- 粟蝸牛科（Punctidae），點螺科
  - Allenella Iredale, 1944
  - Atactolaoma B.A.Marshall & Worthy, 2017
  - Australaoma
  - Charopinesta Iredale, 1944
  - Christianoconcha Iredale, 1945
  - Dignamoconcha Iredale, 1944
  - Goweriana Shea & O.L.Griffiths, 2010
  - Gratilaoma Iredale, 1939
  - Iotula Iredale, 1941
  - Kaputaresta J.Stanisic, 2010
  - Kokikora Climo & Goulstone, 1995
  - Kokopapa Climo & Mahlfeld, 2012
  - Laoma Gray, 1850
  - Laomarex Powell, 1948
  - Laomavix Iredale, 1933
  - Laomopa Iredale, 1945
  - Magilaoma Iredale, 1937
  - Miselaoma Iredale, 1933
  - Obanella Dell, 1952
  - Paralaoma Iredale, 1913
  - Pasmaditta Iredale, 1933
  - Pasmaditta Kershaw & B.J.Smith, 1986
  - Pedicamista Kershaw & B.J.Smith, 1986
  - Pernastela Iredale, 1944
  - Phrixgnathus F.W.Hutton, 1882
  - Pichikadi Vargas-Almonacid & Stuardo, 2007
  - Pseudiotula J.Stanisic, 2010
  - 點螺屬 Punctum E.S.Morse, 1864
  - Semilaoma Iredale, 1944
  - Taguahelix Powell, 1955
  - Tescilaoma J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Trocholaoma Iredale, 1937
  - Turbolaoma Iredale, 1937
  - Westralaoma Iredale, 1939
- Anastomopsidae（已滅絕）
- 茶色蝸牛科（Charopidae）
  - Acanthoptyx Ancey, 1888
  - Acheronopa Hyman & J.Stanisic, 2005
  - Aeschrodomus Pilsbry, 1892
  - Afrodonta Melvill & Ponsonby, 1908
  - Albiropa Holcroft & J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Allodiscus Pilsbry, 1892
  - Alpiniropa J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Alsolemia Climo, 1981
  - Amatholedonta D.G.Herbert, 2020
  - Amfractaropa Holcroft, 2018
  - Ammoniropa Bonham, 2018
  - Amphidoxa Albers, 1850
  - Andrefrancia Solem, 1960
  - Annoselix Iredale, 1939
  - Araucocharopa Miquel & Cádiz Lorca, 2008
  - Arcadiaropa J.Stanisic, 2020
  - Archiropa Bonham, 2018
  - Austellorien J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Austrodiscus Parodiz, 1957
  - Ba Solem, 1983
  - Banea
  - Banjoropa J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Barringtonica Shea, Colgan & J.Stanisic, 2012
  - Bindiropa J.Stanisic, 2022
  - Biomphalodonta D.G.Herbert, 2020
  - Biomphalopa J.Stanisic, 1990
  - Bischoffena Iredale, 1937
  - Bonhamaropa J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Brigaloropa J.Stanisic, 2020
  - Burwellia Holcroft & J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Calymna F.W.Hutton, 1883
  - Canallodiscus B.A.Marshall & G.M.Barker, 2008
  - Cancellocochlea Shea, Colgan & J.Stanisic, 2012
  - Carnaropa J.Stanisic, 2020
  - Cavellia Iredale, 1915
  - Cavellioropa Dell, 1952
  - Chalcocystis H.Watson, 1934
  - Charopa E.von Martens, 1860
  - Charopatagonia Miquel & G.M.Barker, 2023
  - Charopella Iredale, 1944
  - Chaureopa Climo, 1985
  - Chellius Vargas-Almonacid & Stuardo, 2007
  - Chilocystis H.Watson, 1934
  - Chordaropa J.Stanisic, 2016
  - Cineropa J.Stanisic, 2020
  - Climocella Goulstone, 1996
  - Coenocharopa J.Stanisic, 1990
  - Colhueconus Miquel & Bellosi, 2010
  - Comboynea Shea, Colgan & J.Stanisic, 2012
  - Comularopa Holcroft, 2018
  - Coricudgia Hyman & J.Stanisic, 2005
  - Corinomala Iredale, 1939
  - Costallodiscus B.A.Marshall & G.M.Barker, 2008
  - Costulodonta D.G.Herbert, 2020
  - Cralopa Iredale, 1941
  - Cryptocharopa Preston, 1913
  - Cumberlandica Shea, Colgan & J.Stanisic, 2012
  - Cyclocystis H.Watson, 1934
  - Damonita Climo, 1981
  - Danielleilona J.Stanisic, 1993
  - Decoriropa Hyman & J.Stanisic, 2005
  - Dendropa B.A.Marshall & Worthy, 2017
  - Dendrotrichia van Bruggen & Verdcourt, 1965
  - Dentherona Iredale, 1933
  - Dictyoropa Shea, Colgan & J.Stanisic, 2012
  - Diphyoropa Hyman & J.Stanisic, 2005
  - Dipnelix Iredale, 1937
  - Discocharopa Iredale, 1913
  - Dividospiralia J.Stanisic, 2010
  - Dupucharopa Iredale, 1937
  - Eddiea J.Stanisic, 2020
  - Egestula Iredale, 1915
  - Egilodonta Iredale, 1937
  - Egilomen Iredale, 1937
  - Elsothera Iredale, 1933
  - Epinicium Iredale, 1939
  - Eungellaropa Holcroft & J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Excaliburopa J.Stanisic, 2010
  - Excellaoma Iredale, 1937
  - Exquisitiropa J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Fametesta Pilsbry, 1902
  - Fectola Iredale, 1915
  - Flammoconcha Dell, 1952
  - Flammulina E.von Martens, 1873
  - Flammulops Iredale, 1937
  - Frustropa Iredale, 1945
  - Gadoropa Bonham, 2018
  - Geminoropa Kershaw, 1955
  - Gerontia Hutton, 1882
  - Glabrogyra Müller da Fonseca & Thomé, 1993
  - Glyptaulax Gude, 1914
  - Gouldiropa Hyman & J.Stanisic, 2005
  - Goweroconcha Iredale, 1944
  - Graeffedon Solem, 1983
  - Granallodiscus B.A.Marshall & G.M.Barker, 2008
  - Groveiana J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Gyrocochlea Hedley, 1924
  - Gyropena Iredale, 1944
  - Hedleyoconcha Pilsbry, 1893
  - Hedleyropa Hyman & J.Stanisic, 2005
  - Helenoconcha Pilsbry, 1892
  - Helenodiscus Solem, 1977
  - Himeroconcha Solem, 1983
  - Hirasea Pilsbry, 1902
  - Hirasiella Pilsbry, 1902
  - Hirsutaropa Holcroft & J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Hirsutodiscus Climo, 1971
  - Huntiana J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Huonodon Iredale, 1945
  - Hyaloropa J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Insularopa J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Insullaoma Iredale, 1937
  - Isolderopa J.Stanisic, 2010
  - Iterodonta D.G.Herbert, 2020
  - Jokajdon Solem, 1983
  - Kannaropa Iredale, 1937
  - Kermodon Iredale, 1945
  - Kessneropa Bonham, 2018
  - Koreelahropa J.Stanisic, 2010
  - Kosciuszkoropa J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Kubaryiellus Solem, 1983
  - Lacuropa J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Ladronellum Solem, 1983
  - Lagivala Solem, 1983
  - Lauopa Solem, 1983
  - Lenwebbia J.Stanisic, 1990
  - Letomola Iredale, 1941
  - Leurocochlea J.Stanisic, 2010
  - Liparocystis H.Watson, 1934
  - Lithocouperia J.Stanisic, 2016
  - Loisthodon Climo, 1990
  - Lorelleia J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Lottaropa Bonham, 2018
  - Luinodiscus Iredale, 1937
  - Luturopa J.Stanisic, 2010
  - Lyrocystis H.Watson, 1934
  - Maafu Solem, 1983
  - Macleayropa J.Stanisic, 2010
  - Macphersonea Shea, Colgan & J.Stanisic, 2012
  - Macrophallikoropa Hyman & J.Stanisic, 2005
  - Maoriconcha Dell, 1952
  - Marilyniropa Hyman & J.Stanisic, 2005
  - Meredithena J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Metaropa J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Microcharopa Solem, 1983
  - Micromphalia Ancey, 1882
  - Minutiropa J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Missioclivus Iredale, 1941
  - Mitodon Climo, 1990
  - Mocella Iredale, 1915
  - Monomphalus Ancey, 1882
  - Montaropa Climo, 1984
  - Mulathena B.J.Smith & Kershaw, 1985
  - Mussonula Iredale, 1937
  - Mystivagor Iredale, 1944
  - Nanoropa J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Nautiliropa J.Stanisic, 1990
  - Neoparyphantopsis Miquel & Araya, 2015
  - Neophenacohelix Cumber, 1961
  - Ngairea J.Stanisic, 1990
  - Nodularopa Holcroft, 2018
  - Norfolcioconch
  - Norfolcioconcha Preston, 1913
  - Notodiscus Thiele, 1931
  - Nullarboropa J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Omphaloropa J.Stanisic, 1990
  - Oreokera Iredale, 1933
  - Oreokera J.Stanisic, 1987
  - Oreomava Iredale, 1933
  - Oreomava Kershaw, 1956
  - Otoconcha F.W.Hutton, 1883
  - Palikirus Solem, 1983
  - Palline Solem, 1983
  - Papulaoma Iredale, 1941
  - Paracharopa Climo, 1983
  - Pararhytida Ancey, 1882
  - Paratrochus Pilsbry, 1893
  - Parvicharopa Solem, 1958
  - Paryphantopsis Thiele, 1928
  - Patagocharopa Miquel & P.E.Rodriguez, 2016
  - Payenia Mabille & Rochebrune, 1889
  - Penescosta Iredale, 1944
  - Pereduropa J.Stanisic, 2010
  - Pernagera Iredale, 1939
  - Perucharopa Miquel & Araya, 2022
  - Phacussa F.W.Hutton, 1883
  - Phaulocystis H.Watson, 1934
  - Phenacharopa Pilsbry, 1893
  - Phenacocharopa
  - Phenacohelix Suter, 1892
  - Phialodonta D.G.Herbert, 2020
  - Philalanka Godwin-Austen, 1898
  - Phortion Preston, 1910
  - Pillomena Iredale, 1937
  - Pilula E.von Martens, 1898
  - Planilaoma Iredale, 1937
  - Planorbacochlea Shea, Colgan & J.Stanisic, 2012
  - Platyrhytida Cockerell, 1895
  - Platyrhytida Pilsbry, 1894
  - Platyumbiropa J.Stanisic, 2020
  - Plesiopsis Ancey, 1888
  - Propilula Germain, 1918
  - Prositala Germain, 1915
  - Protoflammulina Climo, 1971
  - Protractiropa J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Pseudallodiscus Climo, 1971
  - Pseudegestula Dell, 1954
  - Pseudocharopa Peile, 1929
  - Pseudohelenoconcha Zilch, 1959
  - Psichion Gude, 1911
  - Ptychodon Ancey, 1888
  - Pulcharopa Iredale, 1944
  - Pulchridomus Climo, 1980
  - Radioconus H.B.Baker, 1927
  - Radiodiscus Pilsbry, 1906
  - Radiolaropa Holcroft, 2018
  - Ranfurlya Suter, 1903
  - Reticharopa Solem, 1959
  - Reticularopa J.Stanisic, 2016
  - Rhophodon Hedley, 1924
  - Rhopodon Iredale, 1941
  - Rhytidopsis Ancey, 1882
  - Richardsoniana J.Stanisic, 2010
  - Richmondaropa Shea, Colgan & J.Stanisic, 2012
  - Robinsoniana J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Roblinella Iredale, 1937
  - Roimontis Solem, 1983
  - Rotacharopa J.Stanisic, 1990
  - Rotadiscus Pilsbry, 1926
  - Russatus Solem, 1983
  - Ruthvenia Gude, 1911
  - Semperdon Solem, 1983
  - Serpho F.W.Hutton, 1904
  - Setomedea Iredale, 1941
  - Setoturbinata J.Stanisic, 2010
  - Sharniropa Hyman & J.Stanisic, 2005
  - Shearopa J.Stanisic, 2010
  - Sinployea Solem, 1983
  - Spiraliropa J.Stanisic, 2010
  - Stanisicaropa Holcroft, 2018
  - Stenacapha B.J.Smith & Kershaw, 1985
  - Stephacharopa Miquel & Araya, 2013
  - Stephadiscus Hylton Scott, 1981
  - Stephanoda E.von Martens, 1860
  - Suteria Pilsbry, 1892
  - 多田氏螺屬 Tadaia Minato & Okubo, 1992
  - Tasmanoropa Bonham, 2018
  - Tasmathera Bonham, 2018
  - Tateropa J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Teracharopa Maassen, 2000
  - Thalassohelix Pilsbry, 1892
  - Therasia F.W.Hutton, 1883
  - Therasiella Powell, 1948
  - Thermia F.W.Hutton, 1904
  - Thryasona B.J.Smith & Kershaw, 1985
  - 纓絡螺屬 Thysanota Albers, 1860
  - Trachycystis Pilsbry, 1893
  - Tristanoropa Holcroft, 2018
  - Tropidotropis Ancey, 1888
  - Trukcharopa Solem, 1983
  - Tuimalila Solem, 1983
  - Vatusila Solem, 1983
  - Whissonia J.Stanisic, 2018
  - Whitcochlea Holcroft, 2018
  - Whiteheadia Hyman & J.Stanisic, 2005
  - Xenoropa Holcroft, 2018
  - Xerocystis H.Watson, 1934
  - Ygernaropa J.Stanisic, 2010
  - Zelandiscus Climo, 1990
- Cystopeltidae
- 圓盤螺科 Discidae
- 內齒螺科（Endodontidae）
- 旋盤螺科 Helicodiscidae Pilsbry, 1927
  - Chanomphalus Strebel & Pfeffer, 1879
  - 旋盤螺屬 Helicodiscus E.S.Morse, 1864
  - Lucilla R.T.Lowe, 1852
  - Polygyriscus Pilsbry, 1948
  - Speleodiscoides A.G.Smith, 1957
  - Stenopylis Fulton, 1914
- 山地蝸牛科（Oreohelicidae）
- Patulidae（？）
- 盾狀螺科（Thyrophorellidae）
袋螺總科（Sagdoidea Pilsbry, 1895）
- 袋螺科（Sagdidae Pilsbry, 1895）

2017年分類

根據2017年的《布歇特等人的腹足類分類》柄眼目一節，本亞目包括下列九個下目和一個地位未定的集合^[3]：

阿勇蛞蝓下目 Arionoidei
煙管蝸牛下目 Clausilioidei
旋蝸牛下目 Helicoidei：包括原來的旋蝸牛總科 (Helicoidea Rafinesque, 1815）及袋螺總科（Sagdoidea Pilsbry, 1895）^[6]
蛞蝓下目 Limacoidei
橡子螺下目 Oleacinoidei：包括由原來小殼螺超科（Testacelloidea）踢走了小殼蛞蝓科（Testacellidae）之後而成的橡子螺總科（Oleacinoidea）及從原屬彩釉蝸牛總科（Rhytidoidea）的單孔螺科（Haplotrematidae）獨立而成的單孔螺總科（Haplotrematoidea）^[7]
綵帶螺下目 Orthalicoidei
蛹螺下目 Pupilloidei：即原來分類的直尿道類支序（Orthurethra）^[8]^[9]，但原來支序的五個總科^[10]現時合併成了單一一個蛹螺總科（Pupilloidea ），合共有31個科^[8]。
彩釉蝸牛下目 Rhytidoidei：只有一個總科由原來的彩釉蝸牛總科（Rhytidoidea）併入原紅蝸牛超科（Acavoidea）而成。
琥珀螺下目 Succineoidei：即原「板顎類」支序。
地位未定：
- 總科 Coelociontoidea Iredale, 1937
- 總科 Papillodermatoidea Wiktor, R. Martin & Castillejo, 1990
- 總科 Plectopyloidea Möllendorff, 1898
- 總科 Punctoidea Morse, 1864
- 小殼螺總科 Testacelloidea Gray, 1840
- 總科 Urocoptoidea Pilsbry, 1898 (1868)

另外，愛麗蛞蝓超科（Aillyoidea）被併入瑪瑙螺超科，成為瑪瑙螺亞目的成員。

參考文獻

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O (編). Helicina. MolluscaBase. 2017-06-13 [2018-04-02] –透過WoRMS.
^ Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O (編). Sigmurethra. MolluscaBase. 2018-02-03 [2018-04-02] –透過WoRMS.
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 Bouchet, P.; Rocroi, J.-P.; Hausdorf, B.; Kaim, A.; Kano, Y.; Nützel, A.; Parkhaev, P.; Schrödl, M.; Strong, E.E. Revised Classification, Nomenclator and Typification of Gastropod and Monoplacophoran Families. Malacologia. 2017, 61 (1–2): 1–526. OCLC 7296100651. S2CID 91051256. doi:10.4002/040.061.0201.
^ ^4.0 ^4.1 Bouchet, P.; Rocroi, J.-P.; Frýda, J.; Hausdorf, B.; Ponder, W.; Valdés, Á. & Warén, A. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia (Hackenheim, Germany: ConchBooks). 2005, 47 (1–2): 1–397. ISBN 3-925919-72-4. OCLC 61351079. OL 42989175M. S2CID 83847814.
^ WoRMS. Sigmurethra. 世界海洋物種目錄（庫存版本）. [2018-04-02]. （原始內容存檔於2016-03-17）.
^ Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O (編). Helicoidei. MolluscaBase. 2018-02-01 [2018-04-02] –透過WoRMS.
^ Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O (編). Oleacinoidei. MolluscaBase. 2018-02-01 [2018-04-02] –透過WoRMS.
^ ^8.0 ^8.1 Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O (編). Pupilloidei. MolluscaBase. 2018-02-01 [2018-05-10] –透過WoRMS.
^ Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O (編). Orthurethra. MolluscaBase. 2018-02-03 [2018-05-10] –透過WoRMS.
^ WoRMS. Orthurethra. 世界海洋物種目錄（庫存版本）. [2018-05-10]. （原始內容存檔於2015-10-10）.

外部連結

[WoRMS_994701-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O (編). Helicina. MolluscaBase. 2017-06-13 [2018-04-02] –透過WoRMS.

[WoRMS_382244-2] Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O (編). Sigmurethra. MolluscaBase. 2018-02-03 [2018-04-02] –透過WoRMS.

[Bouchet_2017-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Bouchet, P.; Rocroi, J.-P.; Hausdorf, B.; Kaim, A.; Kano, Y.; Nützel, A.; Parkhaev, P.; Schrödl, M.; Strong, E.E. Revised Classification, Nomenclator and Typification of Gastropod and Monoplacophoran Families. Malacologia. 2017, 61 (1–2): 1–526. OCLC 7296100651. S2CID 91051256. doi:10.4002/040.061.0201.

[Bouchet_2005-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Bouchet, P.; Rocroi, J.-P.; Frýda, J.; Hausdorf, B.; Ponder, W.; Valdés, Á. & Warén, A. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia (Hackenheim, Germany: ConchBooks). 2005, 47 (1–2): 1–397. ISBN 3-925919-72-4. OCLC 61351079. OL 42989175M. S2CID 83847814.

[WoRMS_382244_old-5] WoRMS. Sigmurethra. 世界海洋物種目錄（庫存版本）. [2018-04-02]. （原始內容存檔於2016-03-17）.

[WoRMS_1057261-6] Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O (編). Helicoidei. MolluscaBase. 2018-02-01 [2018-04-02] –透過WoRMS.

[WoRMS_1057260-7] Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O (編). Oleacinoidei. MolluscaBase. 2018-02-01 [2018-04-02] –透過WoRMS.

[WoRMS_1057256-8] 8.0 ^8.1 Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O (編). Pupilloidei. MolluscaBase. 2018-02-01 [2018-05-10] –透過WoRMS.

[WoRMS_162661-9] Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O (編). Orthurethra. MolluscaBase. 2018-02-03 [2018-05-10] –透過WoRMS.

[WoRMS_162661_old-10] WoRMS. Orthurethra. 世界海洋物種目錄（庫存版本）. [2018-05-10]. （原始內容存檔於2015-10-10）.

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