中亞眼鏡蛇
外观
中亞眼鏡蛇![]() | |
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科学分类 ![]() | |
界: | 动物界 Animalia |
门: | 脊索动物门 Chordata |
纲: | 爬行綱 Reptilia |
目: | 有鳞目 Squamata |
亚目: | 蛇亚目 Serpentes |
科: | 眼镜蛇科 Elapidae |
属: | 眼镜蛇属 Naja |
种: | 中亞眼鏡蛇 N. oxiana
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二名法 | |
Naja oxiana | |
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中亚眼镜蛇(学名:Naja oxiana)是眼镜蛇属的一种毒蛇,分布于中亚地区,曾被视为印度眼镜蛇的亚种[3][4]。它是一种中型眼镜蛇,长一般为1米(3.3英尺),很少超过1.5米(4.9英尺)[5]。
毒液
[编辑]它是眼镜蛇属最毒的毒蛇[6],其毒液的最低致死剂量为0.005 mg/kg,是所有眼镜蛇中最低的[7]。其分布区东部(印度和巴基斯坦)的个体毒性较低,其他地方较高,特别是伊朗。被咬伤后若不作处理,被咬者可能在45分钟到24小时内死亡。
保育狀況
[编辑]其被列為《瀕危野生動植物種國際貿易公約》附錄二的物種,被限制出口及貿易。
参考文献
[编辑]- ^ Wuster, W. Naja oxiana. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996, 1996: e.T164642A5915160 [19 November 2021]. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T164642A5915160.en
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- ^ Naja oxiana (Eichwald, 1831). ITIS Standard Report Page. ITIS.gov. [13 January 2012]. (原始内容存档于2021-11-09).
- ^ Eichwald, Karl. Zoologia specialis, quam expositis animalibus tum vivis, tum fossilibus potissimuni rossiae in universum, et poloniae in specie, in usum lectionum publicarum in Universitate Caesarea Vilnensi. Vilnius: Zawadski. 1931: 171 [2021-11-30]. (原始内容存档于2021-12-11) (拉丁语).
- ^ Wüster, Wolfgang. Taxonomic changes and toxinology: Systematic revisions of the asiatic cobras (Naja naja species complex). Toxicon. 1996, 34 (4): 399–406 [2021-11-30]. ISSN 0041-0101. PMID 8735239. doi:10.1016/0041-0101(95)00139-5. (原始内容存档于2022-04-19).
- ^ Naja oxiana - General Details, Taxonomy and Biology, Venom, Clinical Effects, Treatment, First Aid, Antivenoms. WCH Clinical Toxinology Resource. University of Adelaide. [13 January 2012]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-05).
- ^ Khare AD, Khole V, Gade PR. Toxicities, LD50 prediction and in vivo neutralisation of some elapid and viperid venoms. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology. December 1992, 30 (12): 1158–62. PMID 1294479.
- ^ Lysz, Thomas W.; Rosenberg, Philip. Convulsant activity of Naja naja oxiana venom and its phospholipase A component. Toxicon. May 1974, 12 (3): 253–265. PMID 4458108. doi:10.1016/0041-0101(74)90067-1.
扩展阅读
[编辑]- Wüster, Wolfgang. A century of confusion: Asiatic cobras revisited. Vivarium. 1993, 4 (4): 14–18.
- Wüster, Wolfgang; Thorpe, Roger S. Asiatic cobras: Systematics and snakebite. Experientia. 1991, 47 (2): 205–209. PMID 2001726. S2CID 26579314. doi:10.1007/BF01945429.
- Wüster W, Thorpe RS. Asiatic Cobras: Population Systematics of the Naja naja Species Complex (Serpentes: Elapidae) in India and Central Asia. Herpetologica. 1992, 48 (1): 69–85. JSTOR 3892921.
- Wüster W. The cobras of the genus Naja in India. Hamadryad. 1998, 23 (1): 15–32.
外部链接
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