小可愛蟲屬:修订间差异
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| authority = Liu ''et al''. 2022 |
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[[File:Aysheaia pedunculata2021.jpg|thumb| |
[[File:Aysheaia pedunculata2021.jpg|thumb|353x353像素|葉足動物最廣為人知的物種-埃謝櫛蠶(''Aysheaia'')的全體復原圖。]] |
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'''始祖小可愛蟲'''([[學名]]:''Parvibellus atavus'')是'''小可愛蟲屬'''([[學名]]:''Parvibellus'')唯一一個[[物種]],也是[[模式種]]。生存在[[寒武纪第三期]]。身上具有十一對的扇葉,頭部還有兩個小的突起物,和一個位在腹側、圓的口器。<ref name=":0" />是在[[中國]][[雲南省]][[海口镇 (澄江市)|海口鎮]][[澄江化石地]](Chengjiang Biota)和[[玉案山山峰]]( Yu’anshan (Heilinpu) Formation)發現的。<ref name=":0" />[[属名|屬名]]是由''parvus''(微小)和''bellus''(可愛)組成的,因為身體的外觀而得名;而[[種小名]]-''atavus''(祖先),是因為這個物種具有很類似於[[泛节肢动物|泛節肢動物]]的體態。<ref name=":0" />目前只發現ELI-EJ048A這個標本。這些身體構造很像[[葉足動物]]、[[欧巴宾海蝎科|歐巴賓海蠍類]]還有[[放射齒目]]的物種,所以始祖小可愛蟲的分類可能位在 |
'''始祖小可愛蟲'''([[學名]]:''Parvibellus atavus'')是'''小可愛蟲屬'''([[學名]]:''Parvibellus'')唯一一個[[物種]],也是[[模式種]]。生存在[[寒武纪第三期]]。身上具有十一對的扇葉,頭部還有兩個小的突起物,和一個位在腹側、圓的口器。<ref name=":0" />是在[[中國]][[雲南省]][[海口镇 (澄江市)|海口鎮]][[澄江化石地]](Chengjiang Biota)和[[玉案山山峰]]( Yu’anshan (Heilinpu) Formation)發現的。<ref name=":0" />[[属名|屬名]]是由''parvus''(微小)和''bellus''(可愛)組成的,因為身體的外觀而得名;而[[種小名]]-''atavus''(祖先),是因為這個物種具有很類似於[[泛节肢动物|泛節肢動物]]的體態。<ref name=":0" />目前只發現ELI-EJ048A這個標本。這些身體構造很像[[葉足動物]]、[[欧巴宾海蝎科|歐巴賓海蠍類]]還有[[放射齒目]]的物種,所以始祖小可愛蟲的分類可能位在[[恐蝦綱]]或是葉足動物之間。<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Liu |first=Jianni |last2=Dunlop |first2=Jason A. |last3=Steiner |first3=Michael |last4=Shu |first4=Degan |date=2022-07-22 |title=A Cambrian fossil from the Chengjiang fauna sharing characteristics with gilled lobopodians, opabiniids and radiodonts |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/feart.2022.861934 |journal=Frontiers in Earth Science |volume=10 |doi=10.3389/feart.2022.861934 |issn=2296-6463}}</ref> |
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== 形態 == |
== 形態 == |
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=== 身體 === |
=== 身體 === |
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[[File:Figure 2, Enlargement of head region of Parvibellus atavus.jpg|left|thumb|236x236像素|A、B都是始祖小可愛蟲的口器化石照片,C、D是顯示口器的位置。cm(circular mouth):口器,pl(plates):齒板,ir(inner ring):內側的齒環,or(outer ring):外側的齒環。]]全長大小約5.25毫米;而軀幹的部分長約4.07毫米,寬大約是1.1毫米。<ref name=":0" />身體側面的長的類似扇葉的突起物長約0.51毫米,最寬的地方約是0.26毫米,扇葉的突起物的基部(連接的部分)和末端有稍微變小。<ref name=":0" />身體有十一對類似扇葉的突起物,且平均的分布在軀幹上。<ref name=":0" />從身體到扇葉的突起物的連接部分不太明顯。<ref name=":0" />扇葉的突起物的輪廓大約是橢圓形或三角形。<ref name=":0" />扇葉的突起物可能像是歐巴賓海蠍類<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Budd |first=Graham E. |date=1996-03 |title=The morphology of <i>Opabinia regalis</i> and the reconstruction of the arthropod stem‐group |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3931.1996.tb01831.x |journal=Lethaia |volume=29 |issue=1 |doi=10.1111/j.1502-3931.1996.tb01831.x |issn=0024-1164}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Budd |first=Graham E. |last2=Daley |first2=Allison C. |date=2012-01 |title=The lobes and lobopods of <i>Opabinia regalis</i> from the middle Cambrian Burgess Shale |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3931.2011.00264.x |journal=Lethaia |volume=45 |issue=1 |doi=10.1111/j.1502-3931.2011.00264.x |issn=0024-1164}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |date=1975-06-26 |title=The enigmatic animal <i>Opabinia regalis</i> , middle Cambrian, Burgess Shale, British Columbia |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1975.0033 |journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. B, Biological Sciences |volume=271 |issue=910 |doi=10.1098/rstb.1975.0033 |issn=0080-4622}}</ref>或是放射齒目的物種<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Van Roy |first=Peter |last2=Daley |first2=Allison C. |last3=Briggs |first3=Derek E. G. |date=2015-03-11 |title=Anomalocaridid trunk limb homology revealed by a giant filter-feeder with paired flaps |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature14256 |journal=Nature |volume=522 |issue=7554 |doi=10.1038/nature14256 |issn=0028-0836}}</ref>用來游泳<ref name=":0" />,但是不太可能像是葉足動物的{{Tsl|en|Aysheaia|埃謝櫛蠶}}用來當作腳行走。<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |date=1978-11-16 |title=The Lobopod Animal <i>Aysheaia pedunculata</i> Walcott, Middle Cambrian, Burgess Shale, British Columbia |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1978.0061 |journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. B, Biological Sciences |volume=284 |issue=1000 |doi=10.1098/rstb.1978.0061 |issn=0080-4622}}</ref> |
[[File:Figure 2, Enlargement of head region of Parvibellus atavus.jpg|left|thumb|236x236像素|A、B都是始祖小可愛蟲的口器化石照片,C、D是顯示口器的位置。cm(circular mouth):口器,pl(plates):齒板,ir(inner ring):內側的齒環,or(outer ring):外側的齒環。]]全長大小約5.25毫米;而軀幹的部分長約4.07毫米,寬大約是1.1毫米。<ref name=":0" />身體側面的長的類似扇葉的突起物長約0.51毫米,最寬的地方約是0.26毫米,扇葉的突起物的基部(連接的部分)和末端有稍微變小。<ref name=":0" />身體有十一對類似扇葉的突起物,且平均的分布在軀幹上。<ref name=":0" />從身體到扇葉的突起物的連接部分不太明顯。<ref name=":0" />扇葉的突起物的輪廓大約是橢圓形或三角形。<ref name=":0" />扇葉的突起物可能像是歐巴賓海蠍類<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Budd |first=Graham E. |date=1996-03 |title=The morphology of <i>Opabinia regalis</i> and the reconstruction of the arthropod stem‐group |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3931.1996.tb01831.x |journal=Lethaia |volume=29 |issue=1 |doi=10.1111/j.1502-3931.1996.tb01831.x |issn=0024-1164}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Budd |first=Graham E. |last2=Daley |first2=Allison C. |date=2012-01 |title=The lobes and lobopods of <i>Opabinia regalis</i> from the middle Cambrian Burgess Shale |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3931.2011.00264.x |journal=Lethaia |volume=45 |issue=1 |doi=10.1111/j.1502-3931.2011.00264.x |issn=0024-1164}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |date=1975-06-26 |title=The enigmatic animal <i>Opabinia regalis</i> , middle Cambrian, Burgess Shale, British Columbia |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1975.0033 |journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. B, Biological Sciences |volume=271 |issue=910 |doi=10.1098/rstb.1975.0033 |issn=0080-4622}}</ref>或是放射齒目的物種<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Van Roy |first=Peter |last2=Daley |first2=Allison C. |last3=Briggs |first3=Derek E. G. |date=2015-03-11 |title=Anomalocaridid trunk limb homology revealed by a giant filter-feeder with paired flaps |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature14256 |journal=Nature |volume=522 |issue=7554 |doi=10.1038/nature14256 |issn=0028-0836}}</ref>用來游泳<ref name=":0" />,但是不太可能像是葉足動物的{{Tsl|en|Aysheaia|埃謝櫛蠶}}用來當作腳行走。<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |date=1978-11-16 |title=The Lobopod Animal <i>Aysheaia pedunculata</i> Walcott, Middle Cambrian, Burgess Shale, British Columbia |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1978.0061 |journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. B, Biological Sciences |volume=284 |issue=1000 |doi=10.1098/rstb.1978.0061 |issn=0080-4622}}</ref> |
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⚫ | 如果始祖小可愛蟲是年幼的放射齒目物種,那口器與眼睛和頭部的附肢可能尚未發育成熟,有一個例子反對這樣的想法。<ref name=":0" />Cong等人於2012年發表[[里拉琴蟲屬]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Cong|first=C|last2=Ma|first2=M|last3=Hou|first3=H|last4=Edgecombe|first4=E|last5=Strausfeld|first5=S|date=2015|title=Brain structure resolves the segmental affinity of anomalocaridid appendages|url=https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:5b38a48f-6c52-4f5f-898f-2db2e5858e90/download_file?file_format=pdf&safe_filename=Cong%2Bet%2Bal.%2B2016%2BLyrarapax.pdf&type_of_work=Journal+article|access-date=2024-01-27|website=MorphoBank datasets}}</ref>,過了6年,Liu等人發現了里拉琴蟲的幼體化石,在那個幼體的里拉琴蟲化石上有完整的眼睛和口器,<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Liu |first=Jianni |last2=Lerosey-Aubril |first2=Rudy |last3=Steiner |first3=Michael |last4=Dunlop |first4=Jason A |last5=Shu |first5=Degan |last6=Paterson |first6=John R |date=2018-06-01 |title=Origin of raptorial feeding in juvenile euarthropods revealed by a Cambrian radiodontan |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwy057 |journal=National Science Review |volume=5 |issue=6 |doi=10.1093/nsr/nwy057 |issn=2095-5138}}</ref>所以始祖小可愛蟲不是放射齒目的物種。<ref name=":0" /> |
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== 分類 == |
== 分類 == |
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=== 葉足動物 === |
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始祖小可愛蟲的樣子不像葉足動物,因為牠缺少了葉足動物應有的細長如蠕蟲的身軀。<ref name=":0" />外觀最像的葉足動物是埃謝櫛蠶<ref name=":0" />,因為都有一對前附肢和十對當作腳的葉足<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Liu |first=Jianni |last2=Dunlop |first2=Jason A. |date=2014-03 |title=Cambrian lobopodians: A review of recent progress in our understanding of their morphology and evolution |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2013.06.008 |journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology |volume=398 |doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2013.06.008 |issn=0031-0182}}</ref>;但是埃謝櫛蠶的身體有環紋,而且腳上還有爪子,且葉足動物大多是生活在海底的,而始祖小可愛蟲是可以自行游動的生物。<ref name=":0" />再加上比較早期的大多數葉足動物的口器(嘴巴)不是在腹側<ref name=":2" />,但是愈年輕的物種的嘴巴都是在腹側,像是"具鰓葉足動物",例如:[[厌恶虫属|厭惡蟲屬]](''Pambdelurion'' )或是[[歐巴賓海蠍]](''Opabinia'' )或是比較與[[有爪动物门|有爪動物]]相關的類群,例如:{{le|觸角棘足蟲屬|Antennacanthopodia}}(''Antennacanthopodia'')、{{le|三爪蟲屬|Tritonychus}}(''Tritonychus'')。<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ou |first=Qiang |last2=Liu |first2=Jianni |last3=Shu |first3=Degan |last4=Han |first4=Jian |last5=Zhang |first5=Zhifei |last6=Wan |first6=Xiaoqiao |last7=Lei |first7=Qianping |date=2011-05 |title=A rare onychophoran-like lobopodian from the Lower Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstätte, southwestern China, and its phylogenetic implications |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/09-147r2.1 |journal=Journal of Paleontology |volume=85 |issue=3 |doi=10.1666/09-147r2.1 |issn=0022-3360}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Vinther |first=Jakob |last2=Porras |first2=Luis |last3=Young |first3=Fletcher J. |last4=Budd |first4=Graham E. |last5=Edgecombe |first5=Gregory D. |date=2016-09-26 |title=The mouth apparatus of the Cambrian gilled lobopodian <i>Pambdelurion whittingtoni</i> |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pala.12256 |journal=Palaeontology |volume=59 |issue=6 |doi=10.1111/pala.12256 |issn=0031-0239}}</ref> |
始祖小可愛蟲的樣子不像葉足動物,因為牠缺少了葉足動物應有的細長如蠕蟲的身軀。<ref name=":0" />外觀最像的葉足動物是埃謝櫛蠶<ref name=":0" />,因為都有一對前附肢和十對當作腳的葉足<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Liu |first=Jianni |last2=Dunlop |first2=Jason A. |date=2014-03 |title=Cambrian lobopodians: A review of recent progress in our understanding of their morphology and evolution |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2013.06.008 |journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology |volume=398 |doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2013.06.008 |issn=0031-0182}}</ref>;但是埃謝櫛蠶的身體有環紋,而且腳上還有爪子,且葉足動物大多是生活在海底的,而始祖小可愛蟲是可以自行游動的生物。<ref name=":0" />再加上比較早期的大多數葉足動物的口器(嘴巴)不是在腹側<ref name=":2" />,但是愈年輕的物種的嘴巴都是在腹側,像是"具鰓葉足動物",例如:[[厌恶虫属|厭惡蟲屬]](''Pambdelurion'' )或是[[歐巴賓海蠍]](''Opabinia'' )或是比較與[[有爪动物门|有爪動物]]相關的類群,例如:{{le|觸角棘足蟲屬|Antennacanthopodia}}(''Antennacanthopodia'')、{{le|三爪蟲屬|Tritonychus}}(''Tritonychus'')。<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ou |first=Qiang |last2=Liu |first2=Jianni |last3=Shu |first3=Degan |last4=Han |first4=Jian |last5=Zhang |first5=Zhifei |last6=Wan |first6=Xiaoqiao |last7=Lei |first7=Qianping |date=2011-05 |title=A rare onychophoran-like lobopodian from the Lower Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstätte, southwestern China, and its phylogenetic implications |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/09-147r2.1 |journal=Journal of Paleontology |volume=85 |issue=3 |doi=10.1666/09-147r2.1 |issn=0022-3360}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Vinther |first=Jakob |last2=Porras |first2=Luis |last3=Young |first3=Fletcher J. |last4=Budd |first4=Graham E. |last5=Edgecombe |first5=Gregory D. |date=2016-09-26 |title=The mouth apparatus of the Cambrian gilled lobopodian <i>Pambdelurion whittingtoni</i> |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pala.12256 |journal=Palaeontology |volume=59 |issue=6 |doi=10.1111/pala.12256 |issn=0031-0239}}</ref> |
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=== AOPK群 === |
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AOPK群<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Liu |first=Jianni |last2=Shu |first2=Degan |last3=Han |first3=Jian |last4=Zhang |first4=Zhifei |last5=Zhang |first5=Xingliang |date=2007-04-19 |title=Morpho‐anatomy of the lobopod <i>Magadictyon</i> cf. <i>haikouensis</i> from the Early Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstätte, South China |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-6395.2007.00281.x |journal=Acta Zoologica |volume=88 |issue=4 |doi=10.1111/j.1463-6395.2007.00281.x |issn=0001-7272}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=LIU |first=Jianni |date=2004 |title=A rare lobopod with well-preserved eyes from Chengjiang Lagersttte and its implications for origin of arthropods |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/250967128_A_rare_lobopod_with_well-preserved_eyes_from_Chengjiang_Lagersttte_and_its_implications_for_origin_of_arthropods |journal=Chinese Science Bulletin |volume=49 |issue=10 |doi=10.1360/04wd0052 |issn=1001-6538}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Maas |first=Andreas |last2=Mayer |first2=Georg |last3=Kristensen |first3=Reinhardt M. |last4=Waloszek |first4=Dieter |date=2007-12 |title=A Cambrian micro-lobopodian and the evolution of arthropod locomotion and reproduction |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11434-007-0515-3 |journal=Chinese Science Bulletin |volume=52 |issue=24 |doi=10.1007/s11434-007-0515-3 |issn=1001-6538}}</ref>指以[[奇蝦]](''Anomalocaris'')代表放射齒目、歐巴賓海蠍(''Opabinia'' )為代表的歐巴賓海蠍類(Opabiniids)、厭惡蟲屬(''Pambdelurion'' )和[[宣揚爪蟲]]( ''Kerygmachela''),這四個[[属名|屬名]]的開頭分別是A、O、P和K組成的分類群,但是現在直接稱作[[恐蝦綱]]。<ref name=":0" /> |
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⚫ | 如果始祖小可愛蟲是年幼的放射齒目物種,那口器與眼睛和頭部的附肢可能尚未發育成熟,有一個例子反對這樣的想法。<ref name=":0" />Cong等人於2012年發表[[里拉琴蟲屬]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Cong|first=C|last2=Ma|first2=M|last3=Hou|first3=H|last4=Edgecombe|first4=E|last5=Strausfeld|first5=S|date=2015|title=Brain structure resolves the segmental affinity of anomalocaridid appendages|url=https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:5b38a48f-6c52-4f5f-898f-2db2e5858e90/download_file?file_format=pdf&safe_filename=Cong%2Bet%2Bal.%2B2016%2BLyrarapax.pdf&type_of_work=Journal+article|access-date=2024-01-27|website=MorphoBank datasets}}</ref>,過了6年,Liu等人發現了里拉琴蟲的幼體化石,在那個幼體的里拉琴蟲化石上有完整的眼睛和口器,<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Liu |first=Jianni |last2=Lerosey-Aubril |first2=Rudy |last3=Steiner |first3=Michael |last4=Dunlop |first4=Jason A |last5=Shu |first5=Degan |last6=Paterson |first6=John R |date=2018-06-01 |title=Origin of raptorial feeding in juvenile euarthropods revealed by a Cambrian radiodontan |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwy057 |journal=National Science Review |volume=5 |issue=6 |doi=10.1093/nsr/nwy057 |issn=2095-5138}}</ref>所以始祖小可愛蟲不是放射齒目的物種。<ref name=":0" /> |
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== 參考資料 == |
== 參考資料 == |
2024年1月27日 (六) 13:16的版本
始祖小可愛蟲 | |
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始祖小可愛蟲的化石圖片。 | |
科学分类 | |
界: | 动物界 Animalia |
演化支: | 泛节肢动物 Panarthropoda |
演化支: | 序足动物 Tactopoda |
门: | 节肢动物门 Arthropoda |
纲: | †恐蝦綱 Dinocaridida |
属: | †小可愛蟲屬 Parvibellus Liu et al. 2022 |
种: | †始祖小可愛蟲 P. atavus
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二名法 | |
†Parvibellus atavus Liu et al. 2022
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始祖小可愛蟲(學名:Parvibellus atavus)是小可愛蟲屬(學名:Parvibellus)唯一一個物種,也是模式種。生存在寒武纪第三期。身上具有十一對的扇葉,頭部還有兩個小的突起物,和一個位在腹側、圓的口器。[1]是在中國雲南省海口鎮澄江化石地(Chengjiang Biota)和玉案山山峰( Yu’anshan (Heilinpu) Formation)發現的。[1]屬名是由parvus(微小)和bellus(可愛)組成的,因為身體的外觀而得名;而種小名-atavus(祖先),是因為這個物種具有很類似於泛節肢動物的體態。[1]目前只發現ELI-EJ048A這個標本。這些身體構造很像葉足動物、歐巴賓海蠍類還有放射齒目的物種,所以始祖小可愛蟲的分類可能位在恐蝦綱或是葉足動物之間。[1]
形態
頭部
其中類似頭部的圓形部分約1.1毫米,最寬的部分為1.38毫米。[1]頭部區域的三分之一有一對突起物,那個凸起物有一點點稍微指向後方。[1]既巨大有圓形的口器位在頭部區域的腹側,嘴巴上的兩個圓圈都具有一排的牙齒,比較外側的齒環半徑約0.6毫米;比較內側的齒環半徑約0.18毫米。[1]大約有七片齒板在比較外側的齒環,有幾個在比較內側的齒環,但是發現齒板的化石都沒有保存很清楚。[1]
身體
全長大小約5.25毫米;而軀幹的部分長約4.07毫米,寬大約是1.1毫米。[1]身體側面的長的類似扇葉的突起物長約0.51毫米,最寬的地方約是0.26毫米,扇葉的突起物的基部(連接的部分)和末端有稍微變小。[1]身體有十一對類似扇葉的突起物,且平均的分布在軀幹上。[1]從身體到扇葉的突起物的連接部分不太明顯。[1]扇葉的突起物的輪廓大約是橢圓形或三角形。[1]扇葉的突起物可能像是歐巴賓海蠍類[2][3][4]或是放射齒目的物種[5]用來游泳[1],但是不太可能像是葉足動物的埃謝櫛蠶用來當作腳行走。[1][6]
分類
葉足動物
始祖小可愛蟲的樣子不像葉足動物,因為牠缺少了葉足動物應有的細長如蠕蟲的身軀。[1]外觀最像的葉足動物是埃謝櫛蠶[1],因為都有一對前附肢和十對當作腳的葉足[6][7];但是埃謝櫛蠶的身體有環紋,而且腳上還有爪子,且葉足動物大多是生活在海底的,而始祖小可愛蟲是可以自行游動的生物。[1]再加上比較早期的大多數葉足動物的口器(嘴巴)不是在腹側[7],但是愈年輕的物種的嘴巴都是在腹側,像是"具鰓葉足動物",例如:厭惡蟲屬(Pambdelurion )或是歐巴賓海蠍(Opabinia )或是比較與有爪動物相關的類群,例如:觸角棘足蟲屬(Antennacanthopodia)、三爪蟲屬(Tritonychus)。[1][8][9]
AOPK群
AOPK群[1][10][11][12]指以奇蝦(Anomalocaris)代表放射齒目、歐巴賓海蠍(Opabinia )為代表的歐巴賓海蠍類(Opabiniids)、厭惡蟲屬(Pambdelurion )和宣揚爪蟲( Kerygmachela),這四個屬名的開頭分別是A、O、P和K組成的分類群,但是現在直接稱作恐蝦綱。[1]
發育
如果始祖小可愛蟲是年幼的放射齒目物種,那口器與眼睛和頭部的附肢可能尚未發育成熟,有一個例子反對這樣的想法。[1]Cong等人於2012年發表里拉琴蟲屬[13],過了6年,Liu等人發現了里拉琴蟲的幼體化石,在那個幼體的里拉琴蟲化石上有完整的眼睛和口器,[14]所以始祖小可愛蟲不是放射齒目的物種。[1]
參考資料
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- ^ Budd, Graham E.; Daley, Allison C. The lobes and lobopods of Opabinia regalis from the middle Cambrian Burgess Shale. Lethaia. 2012-01, 45 (1). ISSN 0024-1164. doi:10.1111/j.1502-3931.2011.00264.x.
- ^ The enigmatic animal Opabinia regalis , middle Cambrian, Burgess Shale, British Columbia. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. B, Biological Sciences. 1975-06-26, 271 (910). ISSN 0080-4622. doi:10.1098/rstb.1975.0033.
- ^ Van Roy, Peter; Daley, Allison C.; Briggs, Derek E. G. Anomalocaridid trunk limb homology revealed by a giant filter-feeder with paired flaps. Nature. 2015-03-11, 522 (7554). ISSN 0028-0836. doi:10.1038/nature14256.
- ^ 6.0 6.1 The Lobopod Animal Aysheaia pedunculata Walcott, Middle Cambrian, Burgess Shale, British Columbia. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. B, Biological Sciences. 1978-11-16, 284 (1000). ISSN 0080-4622. doi:10.1098/rstb.1978.0061.
- ^ 7.0 7.1 Liu, Jianni; Dunlop, Jason A. Cambrian lobopodians: A review of recent progress in our understanding of their morphology and evolution. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 2014-03, 398. ISSN 0031-0182. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2013.06.008.
- ^ Ou, Qiang; Liu, Jianni; Shu, Degan; Han, Jian; Zhang, Zhifei; Wan, Xiaoqiao; Lei, Qianping. A rare onychophoran-like lobopodian from the Lower Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstätte, southwestern China, and its phylogenetic implications. Journal of Paleontology. 2011-05, 85 (3). ISSN 0022-3360. doi:10.1666/09-147r2.1.
- ^ Vinther, Jakob; Porras, Luis; Young, Fletcher J.; Budd, Graham E.; Edgecombe, Gregory D. The mouth apparatus of the Cambrian gilled lobopodian Pambdelurion whittingtoni. Palaeontology. 2016-09-26, 59 (6). ISSN 0031-0239. doi:10.1111/pala.12256.
- ^ Liu, Jianni; Shu, Degan; Han, Jian; Zhang, Zhifei; Zhang, Xingliang. Morpho‐anatomy of the lobopod Magadictyon cf. haikouensis from the Early Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstätte, South China. Acta Zoologica. 2007-04-19, 88 (4). ISSN 0001-7272. doi:10.1111/j.1463-6395.2007.00281.x.
- ^ LIU, Jianni. A rare lobopod with well-preserved eyes from Chengjiang Lagersttte and its implications for origin of arthropods. Chinese Science Bulletin. 2004, 49 (10). ISSN 1001-6538. doi:10.1360/04wd0052.
- ^ Maas, Andreas; Mayer, Georg; Kristensen, Reinhardt M.; Waloszek, Dieter. A Cambrian micro-lobopodian and the evolution of arthropod locomotion and reproduction. Chinese Science Bulletin. 2007-12, 52 (24). ISSN 1001-6538. doi:10.1007/s11434-007-0515-3.
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