透螺科
透螺科
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科学分类 
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| 界： | 动物界 Animalia |
| 门： | 软体动物门 Mollusca |
| 纲： | 腹足纲 Gastropoda |
| 演化支： | 真后鳃类 Euopisthobranchia |
| 目： | 头楯目 Cephalaspidea |
| 总科： | 盒螺总科 Cylichnoidea |
| 属： | 透螺科 Diaphanidae Odhner, 1914 (1857) |
| 异名[1] | |
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透螺科（学名：Diaphanidae）是生物分类学上一个微小海螺的分类单元，是头楯目之下一个海洋腹足纲软体动物的科[2][3]。旧属透螺总科（学名：Diaphanoidea），现时是盒螺总科之下的成员[1]。
分布[编辑]
本科物种见于海水温度比较冰冷的地方，例如：北极地区、南极洲、澳大利亚及新西兰。
栖息地[编辑]
型态描述[编辑]
透螺科物种的螺壳微小、薄而且脆，一般透明或半透明，通常都小于5 mm in size。整体来说，螺壳呈卵形、梨形或球莖形。壳顶凹陷。
分类[编辑]
2005年分类[编辑]
根据2005年《布歇特和洛克罗伊的腹足类分类》，透螺科是透螺总科的成员，包括下列两个科：
而透螺科由两个亚科组成，包括下列各属：
透螺亚科[编辑]
透螺亚科（Diaphaninae）包括下列各属：
- Genus Austrodiaphana Henry Augustus Pilsbry, 1893
- Austrodiaphan brazieri George French Angas, 1877：见于西澳大利亚州，体长8 mm。
- Austrodiaphana colei Fleming, 1948
- Distribution : 新西兰
- Austrodiaphana flemingi Arthur William Baden Powell, 1952：见于新西兰
- Austrodiaphana maunganuica Arthur William Baden Powell, 1952：见于新西兰。
- Genus Colobocephalus Michael Sars, 1870
- Colobocephalus costellatus, Michael Sars, 1870
- Colobocephalus striatulus Monterosato ex Jeffreys, 1874
- Distribution : 地中海
- Genus Colpodaspis Michael Sars, 1870 (incertae sedis) The sole of the foot contains a gland that secretes a mucous fluid, which helps the little animal to stay attached to stems and algae.
- Colpodaspis punctata Clark, 1837
- Distribution : Mediterranean
- Colpodaspis pusilla Michael Sars, 1870：见于挪威南部、大不列颠岛及爱尔兰岛西部
- Length : 5 mm
- Description : the bubble shell is completely enclosed by the mantle; two prominent rhinophores on the head, leading to a groove along each side of the head; right posterior siphon
- Colpodaspis thompsoni Brown, 1979
- Distribution : tropical 印度洋-太平洋海域, 冲绳县, 圣诞岛
- Length : 3 mm
- Description : black sea slug with yellow warts on a white background; the 外套膜 encloses the bubble-shaped fragile shell; there is a pair of enrolled rhinophores on the head; the eyes are the two black spots on the head, just in front of the shell;
- Colpodaspis punctata Clark, 1837
- Genus Diaphana Brown, 1827
- Diaphana abyssalis T. Schiøtte, 1998
- Distribution : Western 大西洋
- Diaphana anderssoni H. Strebel, 1908
- Distribution : 南佐治亚
- Diaphana caribaea Espinosa, J., J.Ortea & J.Magaña, 2001
- Distribution : 古巴
- Length : 2 mm
- Diaphana cretica
- Distribution : Mediterranean
- Diaphana expansa (Jeffreys, 1864)
- Distribution : Norway to the 锡利群岛.
- Diaphana floridana W.H. Dall, 1927
- Distribution : Georgia
- Length : 4 mm
- Diaphana globosa Lovén, 1846
- Distribution : 斯堪的纳维亚
- Length : 4 mm
- Diaphana haini Linse, K. & T. Schiøtte, 2002
- Distribution : 南极洲
- Length : 2.2 mm
- Diaphana hiemalis (Couthouy, J.P., 1839) (synonym of Diaphana minuta)
- Diaphana inflata (Strebel, H., 1908)
- Distribution : South Georgia
- Length : 2.4 mm
- Diaphana lactea Jeffreys, 1877
- Distribution : Mediterranean, Norway
- Diaphana lottae K.J. Bush, 1893
- Distribution : 北卡罗来纳州
- Length : 8.5 mm
- Diaphana makarovi G.B. Gorbunov, 1946
- Distribution : East Greenland
- Length : 3 mm
- Diaphana mauretaniensis T. Schiøtte, 1998
- Distribution : Mauretania
- Diaphana minuta Brown, 1827
- Distribution : Greenland, Scandinavia, Iceland, 苏格兰, North 西班牙 down to the Canaries and the Mediterranean, 马萨诸塞州.
- Length: 5.8 mm
- Description : found in sandy bottoms from the low tide level to a depth of 350 m; thin, fragile, smooth, cylindrical shell with convex whorl (mollusc)s. The body whorl is prominent. Minute apex. Deep suture (gastropod) between the whorls. Deep umbilicus (mollusk).
- Diaphana pacifica T. Schiøtte, 1998
- Distribution : 南加利福尼亚州
- Diaphana paessleri H. Strebel, 1905
- Diaphana pfefferi H. Strebel, 1905
- Distribution : South Georgia
- Length : 2.9 mm
- Diaphana quadrata
- Distribution : Mmediterranean
- Diaphana seguenzae R.B. Watson, 1886
- Distribution : NE 巴西
- Length : 3.8 mm
- Diaphana abyssalis T. Schiøtte, 1998
- Genus Newnesia Edgar Albert Smith, 1902 (incertae sedis)
- Newnesia antarctica Edgar Albert Smith, 1902
- Newnesia sphinx Strebel H., 1908
- Distribution : Paulet Insel (Antarctic Peninsula)
- Length : 24.8 mm
- Genus Rhinodiaphana Lemche, 1967
- Rhinodiaphana ventricosa Jeffreys, 1865
- Genus Woodbridgea Berry, 1953
- Woodbridgea polystrigma W.H. Dall, 1908 Furrowed Paper-bubble
- Distribution : America
- Woodbridgea williamsi S.S. Berry, 1953
- Distribution : West-America
- Woodbridgea polystrigma W.H. Dall, 1908 Furrowed Paper-bubble
Subfamily Toledoniinae[编辑]
- Bogasonia Warén, 1989
- Bogasonia gorjachevi Chaban, 1998 - Distribution: 千岛群岛.
- Bogasonia volutoides Warén, 1989 - Distribution: 冰岛. Found at depths between 100–200 m.
- Toledonia Dall, 1902
2017年分类[编辑]
截至2018年8月24日[update]，WoRMS纪录透螺科之下只余下透螺亚科的透螺属之下[1]：
- 透螺亚科 Diaphaninae Odhner, 1914 (1857)
参考文献[编辑]
- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Bouchet P. Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O , 编. Diaphanidae Odhner, 1914 (1857). MolluscaBase. 2017-01-19 [2018-08-23] –通过WoRMS.
- ^ Diaphanidae 透螺科. [2018-08-24]. （原始内容存档于2018-08-23） （中文（繁体））.
- ^ 揭维邦; 詹景尧. 七彩海蛞蝓：台灣的裸鰓動物. 国立海洋生物博物馆. 2009: 309pp （中文（繁体））.
外部链接[编辑]
- Diaphanidae. ITIS.
- Bois-Reymond Marcus, E. D. (1976): A taxonomic survey of the genus Toledonia W.H. Dall, 1902 (Opistobranchia, Diaphanidae). Zool. Scripta 5: 25-33
- Photo of Colpodaspis thompsoni （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
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