门罗币:修订间差异
通过翻译页面“Monero (cryptocurrency)”创建 |
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2017年6月10日 (六) 05:02的版本
门罗币(Monero,代号XMR)是一个创建于2014年4月开源cryptocurrency,它着重于privacy、decentralisation和scalability。与自Bitcoin衍生的许多加密货币不同,Monero是基于CryptoNote协议并在blockchain模糊方面有显著的算法差异。[1]Monero的模块化代码结构得到了Bitcoin Core维护者之一的Wladimir J. van der Laan的赞赏。[2]Monero在2016年经历了market capitalization(从5百万美元至1.85亿美元)[3]和交易量[4]的快速增长,这部分是因为它在2016年夏季末期得到了主要的darknet market AlphaBay的采用。[5]截至2017年,Monero是交易量排行第六的加密货币,market-cap 超过3亿美元。[6]
历史
Monero于2014年4月18日推出,原名为BitMonero,意指Bit(如Bitcoin)和Monero(字面意思是“世界语”中的“硬币”)。在五天后,社区选择将名称缩减至Monero。 它是第一个基于CryptoNote货币之Bytecoin的分支,但有着两个主要差别。首先,目标块时间从120秒减少到60秒;其次,发行速度减速50%(后来Monero恢复到120秒的停留时间,同时保持发行时间,使每个新块的块奖励翻倍)。此外,Monero开发人员发现了许多低质量代码,随后将其清理和重构。[來源請求]
在发布几周后,一个面向CryptoNight工作证明函数的优化的GPU挖矿器被开发。[7]
2014年9月4日,Monero在一次针对加密货币网络的异常、新颖攻击后得到恢复。[8]
2017年1月10日,通过使用Bitcoin Core开发人员Gregory Maxwell的环形机密交易(Ring Confidential Transactions)算法,Monero交易的隐私性自#1220516块起得到进一步加强。[9][10][11]环形签名算法不向没有直接参与交易的人员揭示交易中所涉及的金额,从而增加了保密性。交易会默认启用RingCT,但在2017年9月的下一个硬分叉之前,仍可发送非RingCT的交易。[12]截至二月初,超过95%的非投机性交易使用了可选的RingCT特征。[13]
特性
Monero是一个open-source纯工作证明加密货币。它可以在Windows、Mac、Linux和FreeBSD上运行。[14]
其主要发行曲线将在约8年内发行约1840万枚币。[15][16] (确切地说是1822.3万个硬币,大约在2022年5月底[17][18])After that, a constant "tail emission" of 0.6 XMR per 2-minutes block (modified from initially equivalent 0.3 XMR per 1-minute block) will create a sub-1% perpetual inflation (more precisely [see ref. above] starting with 0.87% yearly inflation around May 2022) to prevent the lack of incentives for miners once a currency is not mineable anymore.[19] The emission uses a smoothly decreasing reward with no block halving (any block generates a bit less monero than the previous one, formula: Emission per 2-minutes block = max(0.6, floor((M − A)×2−19)×10−12) XMR, with M = 264 − 1 and A = 1012 times the amount of XMR already emitted). The smallest resolvable currency unit is 10−12 XMR. 其工作验证算法CryptoNight是为AES密集型和很耗内存的操作,这显著降低了GPU对CPU的优势。
隐私
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/CryptoNote_blockchain_analysis_ambiguity.gif/220px-CryptoNote_blockchain_analysis_ambiguity.gif)
分权
可扩展性
目前工作和周边项目
- RingCT:一种在Monero中实现秘密交易的方式。保密交易(CT)是一种隐藏比特币交易价值的方法。[20]
- OpenAlias:一个广泛的区块链混叠(别名)系统[21]
- Kovri:一个在Monero中集成I2P的隐私解决方案[22]
- URS:一个匿名投票系统的proof-of-concept,基于环签名[23]
- 0MQ:一个客户端使用的C API库,用于连接Monero守护进程服务。[24]
- Electrum的 mnemonic seeds for deterministic -key creation in webwallet [25]
- Monero核心团队在继续远离原始的有众多补丁的Bytecoin代码,以及改善其CryptoNote协议的实现。[26]
发布历史
Version | Release Date | Major Updates |
---|---|---|
0.8.8.6 | 8 December 2014 | Fixed Windows builds, multilanguage mnemonic |
0.9.0 "Hydrogen Helix" | 1 January 2016 | ARM support, 32-bit Windows support, OpenAlias, LMDB, block time increased to 2 minutes |
0.9.1 "Hydrogen Helix" | 15 January 2016 | Bug fixes and security improvements |
0.9.2 "Hydrogen Helix" | 16 March 2016 | LMDB improvements, bug fixes |
0.9.3 "Hydrogen Helix" | 21 March 2016 | Windows 32-bit, bug fixes |
0.9.4 "Hydrogen Helix" | 2 April 2016 | Bug fixes |
0.10.0 "Wolfram Warptangent" | 18 September 2016 | RingCT, performance improvements to HDDs, ARMv8 support, key image import and export |
0.10.1 "Wolfram Warptangent" | 13 December 2016 | RingCT improvements, dynamic fee system, support for "fluffy blocks", GUI support |
0.10.2 "Wolfram Warptangent" | 22 February 2017 | Android support, smart mining on Linux, speed improvements to RingCT, fix to exploit vulnerability. |
0.10.3 "Wolfram Warptangent" | 25 March 2017 | Wallet scanning improvements, peer bugfixes |
参见
参考资料
- ^ Nope. You are confused. You should consider this great news because you are abou... | Hacker News. news.ycombinator.com. [2015-10-04].
- ^ Wladimir J. van der Laan. http://bitcoin-development.narkive.com/. [29 September 2015].
- ^ Monero (XMR) Market Capitalization. www.coinmarketcap.com. [5 September 2016].
- ^ http://monerostats.com/charts/?type=transactions
- ^ Aliens, C. AlphaBay and Oasis Markets to Begin Accepting Monero for Payments. 23 August 2016.
- ^ CryptoCurrency Market Capitalizations. coinmarketcap.com. [2017-04-18].
- ^ Andersen, David. Minting Money with Monero ... and CPU vector intrinsics. da-data.blogspot.ru. [30 March 2015].
- ^ Macheta, Jan; Noether, Surae; Noether, Sarang; Smooth, Javier. Counterfeiting via Merkle Tree Exploits within Virtual Currencies Employing the CryptoNote Protocol (PDF). getmonero.org. [4 April 2015].
- ^ https://lab.getmonero.org/pubs/MRL-0005.pdf
- ^ monero-project/monero. [2017-01-10].
- ^ blox.supportXMR.com. [2017-01-10].
- ^ Will there be a January hard-fork for RingCT?. [27 January 2017].
- ^ RingCT transactions (excluding coinbase). [4 March 2017].
- ^ Latapie, David. What's so special about Monero. Getmonero.org. [19 March 2015].
- ^ Monero Economy. [4 April 2015]. (原始内容存档于March 7, 2016).
- ^ Bitcoin and Monero – Comparison of Money Supply and Block Reward. [4 September 2016].
- ^ Reddit – What are the basic parameters/characteristics of Monero – Answer by XMR Core Team Member. [4 Sep 2016].
- ^ Reddit – Useful For Learning About Monero: Coin Emission And Block Reward Schedules: Bitcoin vs. Monero, all at a glance!. [4 Sep 2016].
- ^ Hutchinson, Martin. Breakingviews: Bitcoin's defects will hasten its demise in 2015. [19 March 2015].
- ^ http://eprint.iacr.org/eprint-bin/getfile.pl?entry=2015/1098&version=20151217:200440&file=1098.pdf
- ^ OpenAlias official website. getmonero.org. [30 March 2015].
- ^ The-Privacy Solutions Project. geti2p.net. [30 March 2015].
- ^ monero-project/urs. GitHub. [2017-04-18] (英语).
- ^ 0MQ GitHub. github.com. [3 September 2016].
- ^ MyMonero. mymonero.com. [30 March 2015].
- ^ Github – monero-project. github.com. [4 April 2015].