埃斯泰尔戈姆围城战 (1241年)

埃斯泰尔戈姆围城战
	蒙古入侵欧洲的一部分
	; 蒙古入侵匈牙利平原
日期	1242年1月
地点	匈牙利埃斯泰尔戈姆47°47′8″N 18°44′25″E / 47.78556°N 18.74028°E
结果	蒙古获胜，并摧毁其大部分城市，但在城堡一带被击退，未能获得重大战利品
参战方
蒙古帝国	匈牙利王国
指挥官与领导者
拔都	Count Simon
参战单位
重骑兵; 弓騎兵; 投石機	骑士
兵力
30 投石機	未知
伤亡与损失
未知	300名贵族死亡; 几乎全部人口遭屠城

埃斯泰尔戈姆围城战发生于公元1241年冬季。拔都率领的蒙古人在蒂萨河之战中取得艰难但是决定性的胜利之后，劫掠了匈牙利王国的土地，尤其侧重于小村庄和城镇等容易攻击的目标。埃斯泰尔戈姆是一个例外，这里是匈牙利王国的首都，也是最大最富有的城市，直到被蒙古軍摧毀。这是拔都掠夺和摧毁的最大的城市，后来将所有蒙古部队从中欧撤回到俄罗斯^[4]。关于围城及其后果的大部分信息，来自斯普利特的意大利总主教的编年史。

背景[编辑]

参考[编辑]

Sugar, Peter F.; Hanák, Péter; Frank, Tibor. A History of Hungary. 1990.
Pow, Lindsey Stephen. Deep Ditches and Well-built Walls.
Alexander, Bevin. How wars are won:the 13 rules of war from ancient greece to the war on terror P/117. Three River Press. ISBN 1-4000-4948-2.
Howorth, Henry H. The Mongols Proper and the Kalmuks p.150. Cosimo Classics. ISBN 978-1-60520-133-7.
McLynn, Frank. Genghis Khan: His conquest, his Empire, his legacy. Da Capo Press. 2015. ISBN 978-0-306-82396-1.
Craughwell, Thomas J. The Rise and Fall of the Second Largest Empire in History: How Genghis Khan almost conquered the world. Fair Winds. ISBN 9781616738518.

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 Genghis Khan: his conquest, his empire, his legacy by Frank Lynn
^ Rogers, Clifford. The Oxford Encyclopedia of Medieval Warfare and Military Technology, Vol. 1. Page 30. "Esztergom, Siege of"
^ The Mongols Proper and the Kalmuks p. 150 by Howorth, Henry H.
^ The Rise and Fall of the Second Largest Empire in History: How Genghis Khan almost conquered the world by Craughwell, Thomas pp. 270-277

[Lynn-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 Genghis Khan: his conquest, his empire, his legacy by Frank Lynn

[Rogers_30-2] Rogers, Clifford. The Oxford Encyclopedia of Medieval Warfare and Military Technology, Vol. 1. Page 30. "Esztergom, Siege of"

[Howorth_150-3] The Mongols Proper and the Kalmuks p. 150 by Howorth, Henry H.

[4] The Rise and Fall of the Second Largest Empire in History: How Genghis Khan almost conquered the world by Craughwell, Thomas pp. 270-277

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