斐濟博物館

**斐濟博物館**
成立	1904年
地址	斐济蘇瓦
網站	fijimuseum.org.fj

斐濟博物館（英語：Fiji Museum）是一座位於斐濟蘇瓦的博物館，位於首都植物園瑟斯頓花園內部，該機構是一個法定機構，受《斐濟博物館法》和《保護考古和古生物利益法》的管理。

歷史[编辑]

斐濟博物館由斐濟博物館之友志願協會於1904年創立。^[1]^[2]^[3]在20世紀期間博物館曾數次遷移，其建築物的位置原設於舊市政廳^[4]。最後該博物館於1955年於現址由時任斐濟總督羅納德·加維（英语：Ronald_Garvey）爵士主持開幕。 ^[5]

2019年，地方人士曾提出，瑟斯頓花園的部分場地可以由印度高級專員公署進行開發；然而這一提議遭到時任博物館館長西皮里亞·諾內馬尼的反對。^[6]當前博物館也是博物館與氣候變化網絡的一部分。^[7]過去也曾是太平洋島嶼博物館協會（PIMA）秘書處的主辦機構，直到2006年，秘書處將其業務基地轉移到瓦努阿圖的維拉港。館方也多次與太平洋地區各地的博物館機構進行合作。

展示[编辑]

斐濟博物館收藏了世界上最重要的斐濟文物^[8]。博物館藏品的核心展示品是13公尺長的雙殼獨木舟拉圖菲瑙（Ratu Finau）^[9]。其他重要物品包括邦蒂號（英语：HMS Bounty）的船舵以及記錄殖民地對斐濟島嶼影響的物品^[10]，博物館也收集口述歷史並進行考古發掘。及收藏當代藝術、手稿集等資訊。^[11]^[12]

研究[编辑]

考古學和挖掘[编辑]

斐濟博物館的考古藏品可以追溯到3700年前。博物館同時也組織並合作進行了跨島考古發掘，包括：

辛加東卡研究項目（1967年）：包括研究納圖努庫、辛加東卡（英语：Sigatoka）和其他地方的遺址，以調查玻里尼西亞史前史。^[13]^[14]
维提岛海灘研究項目（2003年）：包括調查拉皮塔文化定居點。^[15]
馬馬努卡群島和馬洛洛島（英语：Malolo）研究 (2006年) ^[16]
奇科比亞島（英语：Cikobia-i-Ra）：調查埋葬習俗。^[17]
巴烏島上的納瓦塔尼塔瓦克儀式土墩 (1970年)。^[18]

合作夥伴關係[编辑]

2021年，博物館與四家英國博物館簽署了MOU，通過知識交流計劃來紀念斐濟建國50週年。^[19]根據提議，斐濟博物館的工作人員將提供有關英國收藏的或陶基人手工藝品的文化資訊。^[20]

圖片[编辑]

邦蒂號（英语：HMS Bounty）的船舵
用於同類相食的叉子^[21]
斐濟筏
博物館壁畫
Ratu Finau (1913) - 斐濟最後留存的雙殼獨木舟

參考文獻[编辑]

^ Fijian History - Fiji Museum Audio Story. fijianhistory.com. [2021-04-15]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-28）.
^ Lal, Brij V. Fiji in Transition. School of Social and Economic Development, University of the South Pacific. 1997. ISBN 978-982-01-0333-7 （英语）.
^ Pacific Arts Newsletter. Pacific Arts Association. 1987 （英语）.
^ Kay, Robert F. Fiji: A Travel Survival Kit. Lonely Planet Publications. 1993. ISBN 978-0-86442-177-7 （英语）.
^ Collections Online | British Museum. www.britishmuseum.org. [2021-04-15]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-28）.
^ Museum Director Submits Objection To Rezoning Plans. [2021-04-15]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-28）（美国英语）.
^ Museums Collaborating around Climate Change: Fiji Museum Perspectives. Museums & Climate Change Network. [2021-04-15]. （原始内容存档于2023-01-19）（美国英语）.
^ Fiji Museum. fijianart.sru.uea.ac.uk. [2021-04-15]. （原始内容存档于2023-03-22）.
^ Fiji Museum | Suva, Fiji Attractions. Lonely Planet. [2021-04-15] （英语）.
^ McIlwaine, John; Whiffin, Jean I. Collecting and Safeguarding the Oral Traditions: An International Conference. Khon Kaen, Thailand, 16-19 August 1999. Organized as a Satellite Meeting of the 65th IFLA General Conference held in Bangkok, Thailand, 1999. Walter de Gruyter. 2013-02-07. ISBN 978-3-11-095543-9 （英语）.
^ Fiji Museum. Times of India Travel. [2021-04-15]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-28）.
^ Maidment, Ewan. Fiji Museum Archives and Manuscripts Collection. The Journal of Pacific History. 2001, 36 (2): 237–246 [2022-12-28]. ISSN 0022-3344. JSTOR 25169542. S2CID 162377892. doi:10.1080/00223340120075605. （原始内容存档于2022-12-28）.
^ Shaw, Elizabeth. "The decorative system of Natunuku, Fiji." The Lapita P ottery Style of Fiji and Its Associations. Wellington: Polynesian Society Memoir 38 (1975).
^ Palmer, Bruce. Lapita Style Potsherds from Fiji. The Journal of the Polynesian Society. 1966, 75 (3): 373–377 [2022-12-28]. ISSN 0032-4000. JSTOR 20704402. （原始内容存档于2022-12-28）.
^ Nunn, Patrick D., Roselyn Kumar, Sepeti Matararaba, Tomo Ishimura, Johnson Seeto, Sela Rayawa, Salote Kuruyawa et al. "Early Lapita settlement site at Bourewa, southwest Viti Levu Island, Fiji." Archaeology in Oceania 39, no. 3 (2004): 139-143.
^ Cochrane, Ethan E., Sepeti Matararaba, and Elia Nakoro. "Lapita and later archaeology of the Malolo and Mamanuca Islands, Fiji." The Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology 2.2 (2007): 245-250.
^ Frédérique Valentin, Christophe Sand, et al. "Burial practices at the end of the prehistoric period in Cikobia-i-ra (Macuata, Fiji)." The Archaeology of Lapita Dispersal in Oceania: Papers from the Fourth Lapita Conference, June 2000, Canberra, Australia. Vol. 17. Pandanus Books, 2001.
^ Parke, Aubrey. "Navatanitawake ceremonial mound, Bau, Fiji: Some results of 1970 investigations." Archaeology in Oceania 33.1 (1998): 20-27.
^ Major UK museums to collaborate with Fiji Museum. GOV.UK. [2021-04-15]. （原始内容存档于2023-01-19）（英语）.
^ Fiji Museum works on MoU. FijiTimes. [2021-04-15]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-28）（英语）.
^ Jones, S.; Walsh‐Haney, H.; Quinn, R. Kana Tamata or Feasts of Men: An Interdisciplinary Approach for Identifying Cannibalism in Prehistoric Fiji. International Journal of Osteoarchaeology. 2015, 25 (2): 127–145 [2022-12-28]. ISSN 1099-1212. doi:10.1002/oa.2269. （原始内容存档于2022-12-28）（英语）.

外部連結[编辑]

Fiji Museum Web site 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期2020-03-26.坐标：18°08′58″S 178°25′33″E / 18.1495°S 178.4258°E / -18.1495; 178.4258
A Brief History of Cannibalism In Fiji （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
The fascinating FIJI MUSEUM in the capital city of SUVA, let's go! （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Atlas Obscura: Fiji Museum （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

[:0-1] Fijian History - Fiji Museum Audio Story. fijianhistory.com. [2021-04-15]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-28）.

[2] Lal, Brij V. Fiji in Transition. School of Social and Economic Development, University of the South Pacific. 1997. ISBN 978-982-01-0333-7 （英语）.

[3] Pacific Arts Newsletter. Pacific Arts Association. 1987 （英语）.

[4] Kay, Robert F. Fiji: A Travel Survival Kit. Lonely Planet Publications. 1993. ISBN 978-0-86442-177-7 （英语）.

[5] Collections Online | British Museum. www.britishmuseum.org. [2021-04-15]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-28）.

[6] Museum Director Submits Objection To Rezoning Plans. [2021-04-15]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-28）（美国英语）.

[7] Museums Collaborating around Climate Change: Fiji Museum Perspectives. Museums & Climate Change Network. [2021-04-15]. （原始内容存档于2023-01-19）（美国英语）.

[:1-8] Fiji Museum. fijianart.sru.uea.ac.uk. [2021-04-15]. （原始内容存档于2023-03-22）.

[:2-9] Fiji Museum | Suva, Fiji Attractions. Lonely Planet. [2021-04-15] （英语）.

[10] McIlwaine, John; Whiffin, Jean I. Collecting and Safeguarding the Oral Traditions: An International Conference. Khon Kaen, Thailand, 16-19 August 1999. Organized as a Satellite Meeting of the 65th IFLA General Conference held in Bangkok, Thailand, 1999. Walter de Gruyter. 2013-02-07. ISBN 978-3-11-095543-9 （英语）.

[11] Fiji Museum. Times of India Travel. [2021-04-15]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-28）.

[12] Maidment, Ewan. Fiji Museum Archives and Manuscripts Collection. The Journal of Pacific History. 2001, 36 (2): 237–246 [2022-12-28]. ISSN 0022-3344. JSTOR 25169542. S2CID 162377892. doi:10.1080/00223340120075605. （原始内容存档于2022-12-28）.

[13] Shaw, Elizabeth. "The decorative system of Natunuku, Fiji." The Lapita P ottery Style of Fiji and Its Associations. Wellington: Polynesian Society Memoir 38 (1975).

[14] Palmer, Bruce. Lapita Style Potsherds from Fiji. The Journal of the Polynesian Society. 1966, 75 (3): 373–377 [2022-12-28]. ISSN 0032-4000. JSTOR 20704402. （原始内容存档于2022-12-28）.

[15] Nunn, Patrick D., Roselyn Kumar, Sepeti Matararaba, Tomo Ishimura, Johnson Seeto, Sela Rayawa, Salote Kuruyawa et al. "Early Lapita settlement site at Bourewa, southwest Viti Levu Island, Fiji." Archaeology in Oceania 39, no. 3 (2004): 139-143.

[16] Cochrane, Ethan E., Sepeti Matararaba, and Elia Nakoro. "Lapita and later archaeology of the Malolo and Mamanuca Islands, Fiji." The Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology 2.2 (2007): 245-250.

[17] Frédérique Valentin, Christophe Sand, et al. "Burial practices at the end of the prehistoric period in Cikobia-i-ra (Macuata, Fiji)." The Archaeology of Lapita Dispersal in Oceania: Papers from the Fourth Lapita Conference, June 2000, Canberra, Australia. Vol. 17. Pandanus Books, 2001.

[18] Parke, Aubrey. "Navatanitawake ceremonial mound, Bau, Fiji: Some results of 1970 investigations." Archaeology in Oceania 33.1 (1998): 20-27.

[19] Major UK museums to collaborate with Fiji Museum. GOV.UK. [2021-04-15]. （原始内容存档于2023-01-19）（英语）.

[20] Fiji Museum works on MoU. FijiTimes. [2021-04-15]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-28）（英语）.

[:3-21] Jones, S.; Walsh‐Haney, H.; Quinn, R. Kana Tamata or Feasts of Men: An Interdisciplinary Approach for Identifying Cannibalism in Prehistoric Fiji. International Journal of Osteoarchaeology. 2015, 25 (2): 127–145 [2022-12-28]. ISSN 1099-1212. doi:10.1002/oa.2269. （原始内容存档于2022-12-28）（英语）.

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