斐济博物馆

斐济博物馆
斐济博物馆
成立	1904年
地址	斐济苏瓦
网站	fijimuseum.org.fj

斐济博物馆（英语：Fiji Museum）是一座位于斐济苏瓦的博物馆，位于首都植物园瑟斯顿花园内部，该机构是一个法定机构，受《斐济博物馆法》和《保护考古和古生物利益法》的管理。

历史[编辑]

斐济博物馆由斐济博物馆之友志愿协会于1904年创立。^[1]^[2]^[3]在20世纪期间博物馆曾数次迁移，其建筑物的位置原设于旧市政厅^[4]。最后该博物馆于1955年于现址由时任斐济总督罗纳德·加维（英语：Ronald_Garvey）爵士主持开幕。 ^[5]

2019年，地方人士曾提出，瑟斯顿花园的部分场地可以由印度高级专员公署进行开发；然而这一提议遭到时任博物馆馆长西皮里亚·诺内马尼的反对。^[6]当前博物馆也是博物馆与气候变化网络的一部分。^[7]过去也曾是太平洋岛屿博物馆协会（PIMA）秘书处的主办机构，直到2006年，秘书处将其业务基地转移到瓦努阿图的维拉港。馆方也多次与太平洋地区各地的博物馆机构进行合作。

展示[编辑]

斐济博物馆收藏了世界上最重要的斐济文物^[8]。博物馆藏品的核心展示品是13公尺长的双壳独木舟拉图菲瑙（Ratu Finau）^[9]。其他重要物品包括邦蒂号（英语：HMS Bounty）的船舵以及记录殖民地对斐济岛屿影响的物品^[10]，博物馆也收集口述历史并进行考古发掘。及收藏当代艺术、手稿集等资讯。^[11]^[12]

研究[编辑]

考古学和挖掘[编辑]

斐济博物馆的考古藏品可以追溯到3700年前。博物馆同时也组织并合作进行了跨岛考古发掘，包括：

辛加东卡研究项目（1967年）：包括研究纳图努库、辛加东卡（英语：Sigatoka）和其他地方的遗址，以调查玻里尼西亚史前史。^[13]^[14]
维提岛海滩研究项目（2003年）：包括调查拉皮塔文化定居点。^[15]
马马努卡群岛和马洛洛岛（英语：Malolo）研究 (2006年) ^[16]
奇科比亚岛（英语：Cikobia-i-Ra）：调查埋葬习俗。^[17]
巴乌岛上的纳瓦塔尼塔瓦克仪式土墩 (1970年)。^[18]

合作伙伴关系[编辑]

2021年，博物馆与四家英国博物馆签署了MOU，通过知识交流计划来纪念斐济建国50周年。^[19]根据提议，斐济博物馆的工作人员将提供有关英国收藏的或陶基人手工艺品的文化资讯。^[20]

图片[编辑]

邦蒂号（英语：HMS Bounty）的船舵
用于同类相食的叉子^[21]
斐济筏
博物馆壁画
Ratu Finau (1913) - 斐济最后留存的双壳独木舟

参考文献[编辑]

^ Fijian History - Fiji Museum Audio Story. fijianhistory.com. [2021-04-15]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-28）.
^ Lal, Brij V. Fiji in Transition. School of Social and Economic Development, University of the South Pacific. 1997. ISBN 978-982-01-0333-7 （英语）.
^ Pacific Arts Newsletter. Pacific Arts Association. 1987 （英语）.
^ Kay, Robert F. Fiji: A Travel Survival Kit. Lonely Planet Publications. 1993. ISBN 978-0-86442-177-7 （英语）.
^ Collections Online | British Museum. www.britishmuseum.org. [2021-04-15]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-28）.
^ Museum Director Submits Objection To Rezoning Plans. [2021-04-15]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-28）（美国英语）.
^ Museums Collaborating around Climate Change: Fiji Museum Perspectives. Museums & Climate Change Network. [2021-04-15]. （原始内容存档于2023-01-19）（美国英语）.
^ Fiji Museum. fijianart.sru.uea.ac.uk. [2021-04-15]. （原始内容存档于2023-03-22）.
^ Fiji Museum | Suva, Fiji Attractions. Lonely Planet. [2021-04-15] （英语）.
^ McIlwaine, John; Whiffin, Jean I. Collecting and Safeguarding the Oral Traditions: An International Conference. Khon Kaen, Thailand, 16-19 August 1999. Organized as a Satellite Meeting of the 65th IFLA General Conference held in Bangkok, Thailand, 1999. Walter de Gruyter. 2013-02-07. ISBN 978-3-11-095543-9 （英语）.
^ Fiji Museum. Times of India Travel. [2021-04-15]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-28）.
^ Maidment, Ewan. Fiji Museum Archives and Manuscripts Collection. The Journal of Pacific History. 2001, 36 (2): 237–246 [2022-12-28]. ISSN 0022-3344. JSTOR 25169542. S2CID 162377892. doi:10.1080/00223340120075605. （原始内容存档于2022-12-28）.
^ Shaw, Elizabeth. "The decorative system of Natunuku, Fiji." The Lapita P ottery Style of Fiji and Its Associations. Wellington: Polynesian Society Memoir 38 (1975).
^ Palmer, Bruce. Lapita Style Potsherds from Fiji. The Journal of the Polynesian Society. 1966, 75 (3): 373–377 [2022-12-28]. ISSN 0032-4000. JSTOR 20704402. （原始内容存档于2022-12-28）.
^ Nunn, Patrick D., Roselyn Kumar, Sepeti Matararaba, Tomo Ishimura, Johnson Seeto, Sela Rayawa, Salote Kuruyawa et al. "Early Lapita settlement site at Bourewa, southwest Viti Levu Island, Fiji." Archaeology in Oceania 39, no. 3 (2004): 139-143.
^ Cochrane, Ethan E., Sepeti Matararaba, and Elia Nakoro. "Lapita and later archaeology of the Malolo and Mamanuca Islands, Fiji." The Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology 2.2 (2007): 245-250.
^ Frédérique Valentin, Christophe Sand, et al. "Burial practices at the end of the prehistoric period in Cikobia-i-ra (Macuata, Fiji)." The Archaeology of Lapita Dispersal in Oceania: Papers from the Fourth Lapita Conference, June 2000, Canberra, Australia. Vol. 17. Pandanus Books, 2001.
^ Parke, Aubrey. "Navatanitawake ceremonial mound, Bau, Fiji: Some results of 1970 investigations." Archaeology in Oceania 33.1 (1998): 20-27.
^ Major UK museums to collaborate with Fiji Museum. GOV.UK. [2021-04-15]. （原始内容存档于2023-01-19）（英语）.
^ Fiji Museum works on MoU. FijiTimes. [2021-04-15]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-28）（英语）.
^ Jones, S.; Walsh‐Haney, H.; Quinn, R. Kana Tamata or Feasts of Men: An Interdisciplinary Approach for Identifying Cannibalism in Prehistoric Fiji. International Journal of Osteoarchaeology. 2015, 25 (2): 127–145 [2022-12-28]. ISSN 1099-1212. doi:10.1002/oa.2269. （原始内容存档于2022-12-28）（英语）.

外部链接[编辑]

Fiji Museum Web site 互联网档案馆的存档，存档日期2020-03-26.
A Brief History of Cannibalism In Fiji （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
The fascinating FIJI MUSEUM in the capital city of SUVA, let's go! （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Atlas Obscura: Fiji Museum （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

[:0-1] Fijian History - Fiji Museum Audio Story. fijianhistory.com. [2021-04-15]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-28）.

[2] Lal, Brij V. Fiji in Transition. School of Social and Economic Development, University of the South Pacific. 1997. ISBN 978-982-01-0333-7 （英语）.

[3] Pacific Arts Newsletter. Pacific Arts Association. 1987 （英语）.

[4] Kay, Robert F. Fiji: A Travel Survival Kit. Lonely Planet Publications. 1993. ISBN 978-0-86442-177-7 （英语）.

[5] Collections Online | British Museum. www.britishmuseum.org. [2021-04-15]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-28）.

[6] Museum Director Submits Objection To Rezoning Plans. [2021-04-15]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-28）（美国英语）.

[7] Museums Collaborating around Climate Change: Fiji Museum Perspectives. Museums & Climate Change Network. [2021-04-15]. （原始内容存档于2023-01-19）（美国英语）.

[:1-8] Fiji Museum. fijianart.sru.uea.ac.uk. [2021-04-15]. （原始内容存档于2023-03-22）.

[:2-9] Fiji Museum | Suva, Fiji Attractions. Lonely Planet. [2021-04-15] （英语）.

[10] McIlwaine, John; Whiffin, Jean I. Collecting and Safeguarding the Oral Traditions: An International Conference. Khon Kaen, Thailand, 16-19 August 1999. Organized as a Satellite Meeting of the 65th IFLA General Conference held in Bangkok, Thailand, 1999. Walter de Gruyter. 2013-02-07. ISBN 978-3-11-095543-9 （英语）.

[11] Fiji Museum. Times of India Travel. [2021-04-15]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-28）.

[12] Maidment, Ewan. Fiji Museum Archives and Manuscripts Collection. The Journal of Pacific History. 2001, 36 (2): 237–246 [2022-12-28]. ISSN 0022-3344. JSTOR 25169542. S2CID 162377892. doi:10.1080/00223340120075605. （原始内容存档于2022-12-28）.

[13] Shaw, Elizabeth. "The decorative system of Natunuku, Fiji." The Lapita P ottery Style of Fiji and Its Associations. Wellington: Polynesian Society Memoir 38 (1975).

[14] Palmer, Bruce. Lapita Style Potsherds from Fiji. The Journal of the Polynesian Society. 1966, 75 (3): 373–377 [2022-12-28]. ISSN 0032-4000. JSTOR 20704402. （原始内容存档于2022-12-28）.

[15] Nunn, Patrick D., Roselyn Kumar, Sepeti Matararaba, Tomo Ishimura, Johnson Seeto, Sela Rayawa, Salote Kuruyawa et al. "Early Lapita settlement site at Bourewa, southwest Viti Levu Island, Fiji." Archaeology in Oceania 39, no. 3 (2004): 139-143.

[16] Cochrane, Ethan E., Sepeti Matararaba, and Elia Nakoro. "Lapita and later archaeology of the Malolo and Mamanuca Islands, Fiji." The Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology 2.2 (2007): 245-250.

[17] Frédérique Valentin, Christophe Sand, et al. "Burial practices at the end of the prehistoric period in Cikobia-i-ra (Macuata, Fiji)." The Archaeology of Lapita Dispersal in Oceania: Papers from the Fourth Lapita Conference, June 2000, Canberra, Australia. Vol. 17. Pandanus Books, 2001.

[18] Parke, Aubrey. "Navatanitawake ceremonial mound, Bau, Fiji: Some results of 1970 investigations." Archaeology in Oceania 33.1 (1998): 20-27.

[19] Major UK museums to collaborate with Fiji Museum. GOV.UK. [2021-04-15]. （原始内容存档于2023-01-19）（英语）.

[20] Fiji Museum works on MoU. FijiTimes. [2021-04-15]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-28）（英语）.

[:3-21] Jones, S.; Walsh‐Haney, H.; Quinn, R. Kana Tamata or Feasts of Men: An Interdisciplinary Approach for Identifying Cannibalism in Prehistoric Fiji. International Journal of Osteoarchaeology. 2015, 25 (2): 127–145 [2022-12-28]. ISSN 1099-1212. doi:10.1002/oa.2269. （原始内容存档于2022-12-28）（英语）.

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